{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T07:01:02Z","timestamp":1769151662768,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/linproxy.fan.workers.dev:443\/https\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61831001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61831001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a new shape (s-shape monopole) of a super wideband antenna using stepped meander lines, a quarter waveguide transformer feeding line, and a defected ground structure (DGS). The antenna will be used for multiple wireless communication applications like WIMAX\/WLAN\/ISM\/UWB, and also for several wireless communication applications. The total dimensions of the proposed antenna are 35 mm \u00d7 35 mm \u00d7 1.57 mm or 0.36 \u03bbo \u00d7 0.36 \u03bbo \u00d7 0.016 \u03bbo, which are the corresponding electrical dimensions with free-space wavelength (\u03bbo) at the lower operating frequency. The antenna is designed and simulated into two steps: the first (Antenna 1) covers a bandwidth of 18.2 GHz, while the second (Antenna 2, using DGS) covers a super wide bandwidth of 37.82 GHz (3.08\u201340.9 GHz). The measured fractional bandwidth and bandwidth ratio of the antenna are 174.68% and 13.009:1, respectively, which is operating from 3.09\u201340.2 GHz. The maximum calculated gain and efficiency are 5.9 dBi and 92.7%, respectively. The time-domain performance is good due to the calculation of the system fidelity factor, group delay, and its linear and constant phase variation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s20061735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T07:29:07Z","timestamp":1584689347000},"page":"1735","update-policy":"https:\/\/linproxy.fan.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Super Wide Band, Defected Ground Structure (DGS), and Stepped Meander Line Antenna for WLAN\/ISM\/WiMAX\/UWB and other Wireless Communication Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/linproxy.fan.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2718-8915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahid","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/linproxy.fan.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5248-9333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cunjun","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Microwave Sensing and Security Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/linproxy.fan.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2923-8712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Shahzad","family":"Sadiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"given":"Tanveer Ul","family":"Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/linproxy.fan.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1409-8910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayesha Kosar","family":"Fahad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2015.2498939","article-title":"Design of WLAN\/LTE\/UWB antenna with improved pattern uniformity using ground-cooperative radiating structure","volume":"64","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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