{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034292894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7037150","title":"Virtualization of cellular network EPC gateways based on a scalable SDN architecture","display_name":"Virtualization of cellular network EPC gateways based on a scalable SDN architecture","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034292894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7037150","mag":"2034292894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2014.7037150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7037150","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101498899","display_name":"Xueli An","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163160","display_name":"DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH","ror":"https://ror.org/04qae1p49","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219","https://openalex.org/I4210143714","https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xueli An","raw_affiliation_strings":["DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Munich, Germany","DoCoMo Euro-Labs., Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DoCoMo Euro-Labs., Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055512729","display_name":"Wolfgang Kie\u00df","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163160","display_name":"DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH","ror":"https://ror.org/04qae1p49","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219","https://openalex.org/I4210143714","https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Kiess","raw_affiliation_strings":["DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Munich, Germany","DoCoMo Euro-Labs., Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DoCoMo Euro-Labs., Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021338679","display_name":"David Perez-Caparros","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163160","display_name":"DoCoMo Communications Laboratories Europe GmbH","ror":"https://ror.org/04qae1p49","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219","https://openalex.org/I4210143714","https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Perez-Caparros","raw_affiliation_strings":["DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Munich, Germany","DoCoMo Euro-Labs., Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DoCoMo Euro-Labs., Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101498899"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163160"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5169,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96089991,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2295","last_page":"2301"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forwarding-plane","display_name":"Forwarding plane","score":0.7676702737808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.76192307472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.759669303894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.6028822660446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internetworking","display_name":"Internetworking","score":0.5728567242622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5310269594192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-network","display_name":"Core network","score":0.5135581493377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.4989795684814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.4986686706542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4959591329097748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.46728548407554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-virtualization","display_name":"Network virtualization","score":0.43624699115753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.356611430644989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3565407395362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.20360606908798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.14897239208221436}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10597312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473302","display_name":"Forwarding plane","level":3,"score":0.7676702737808228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.76192307472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.759669303894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.6028822660446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780405328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067099","display_name":"Internetworking","level":3,"score":0.5728567242622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5310269594192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.5135581493377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.4989795684814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.4986686706542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4959591329097748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.46728548407554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779898492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4112081","display_name":"Network virtualization","level":4,"score":0.43624699115753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.356611430644989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3565407395362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.20360606908798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.14897239208221436}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2014.7037150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7037150","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W160675413","https://openalex.org/W1587130936","https://openalex.org/W1964385446","https://openalex.org/W1980959920","https://openalex.org/W2040678819","https://openalex.org/W2078831729","https://openalex.org/W2158172990","https://openalex.org/W2166073776","https://openalex.org/W2202294430","https://openalex.org/W2537649431","https://openalex.org/W4249752710","https://openalex.org/W6606544402","https://openalex.org/W6687889994"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059447685","https://openalex.org/W2240943024","https://openalex.org/W2520562984","https://openalex.org/W4242688262","https://openalex.org/W2042428318","https://openalex.org/W2741076444","https://openalex.org/W2097874200","https://openalex.org/W2767973698","https://openalex.org/W3197945463","https://openalex.org/W1906794818"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,102],"gateways":[1],"in":[2,34,53,120,131],"mobile":[3,142],"cellular":[4,143],"networks":[5],"are":[6,27,108],"capable":[7],"to":[8,48,90],"handle":[9],"the":[10,17,46,54,73,77,92,115,141],"traffic":[11],"from":[12,76],"millions":[13],"of":[14,36,105,117],"subscribers":[15],"at":[16],"same":[18],"time,":[19],"while":[20],"providing":[21],"high":[22],"availability":[23],"guarantee.":[24],"Such":[25],"entities":[26,51],"not":[28],"only":[29],"expensive,":[30],"but":[31],"also":[32],"inflexible":[33],"terms":[35],"system":[37],"deployment":[38],"and":[39,138],"maintenance.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"work,":[43],"we":[44,88],"investigate":[45],"feasibilities":[47],"virtualize":[49],"gateway":[50],"used":[52],"Long":[55],"Term":[56],"Evolution":[57],"(LTE)":[58],"Evolved":[59],"Packet":[60],"Core":[61],"(EPC).":[62],"We":[63],"propose":[64,89],"a":[65],"novel":[66],"PDN":[67],"Gateway":[68],"(PGW)":[69],"architecture,":[70],"which":[71,135],"decouples":[72],"control":[74],"plane":[75,79,94],"user":[78,93],"by":[80],"using":[81],"Software":[82],"Defined":[83],"Network":[84],"(SDN)":[85],"technology.":[86],"Moreover,":[87],"run":[91],"forwarding":[95],"function":[96],"on":[97],"low":[98],"cost":[99],"IT":[100],"hardware.":[101],"major":[103],"advantages":[104],"our":[106,111,132],"proposal":[107,112],"two-fold.":[109],"First,":[110],"lowers":[113],"down":[114],"expenditure":[116],"operating":[118],"services":[119],"LTE":[121],"networks.":[122],"Second,":[123],"fine-grained":[124],"resource":[125],"management":[126],"policies":[127],"can":[128],"be":[129],"implemented":[130],"virtualized":[133],"gateway,":[134],"brings":[136],"agility":[137],"reliability":[139],"for":[140],"network.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
