{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417250729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/models-c68889.2025.00074","title":"Do we Still Need People? Comparing Human and LLM Personas in Political Modeling and Simulation","display_name":"Do we Still Need People? Comparing Human and LLM Personas in Political Modeling and Simulation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417250729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/models-c68889.2025.00074"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/models-c68889.2025.00074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/models-c68889.2025.00074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 ACM/IEEE 28th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037544118","display_name":"Shihua Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1724-7873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181401687","display_name":"American University","ror":"https://ror.org/052w4zt36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["American University,Department of computer Science,Washington,DC,United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University,Department of computer Science,Washington,DC,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018458084","display_name":"Nathalie Japkowicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1176-1617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181401687","display_name":"American University","ror":"https://ror.org/052w4zt36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathalie Japkowicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["American University,Department of computer Science,Washington,DC,United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University,Department of computer Science,Washington,DC,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023496425","display_name":"Philippe J. Giabbanelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6816-355X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philippe Giabbanelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Old Dominion University,Virginia Modeling Analysis & Simulation Center,Suffolk,United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Dominion University,Virginia Modeling Analysis & Simulation Center,Suffolk,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037544118"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181401687"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44126474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"512","last_page":"521"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14074","display_name":"Persona Design and Applications","score":0.7360000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14074","display_name":"Persona Design and Applications","score":0.7360000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.012400000356137753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.011099999770522118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persona","display_name":"Persona","score":0.7972999811172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5939000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.48919999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enthusiasm","display_name":"Enthusiasm","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.3668000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.31310001015663147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C313442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778556","display_name":"Persona","level":2,"score":0.7972999811172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5939000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5171999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.48919999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840407","display_name":"Enthusiasm","level":2,"score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3668000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543847140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642826","display_name":"Realism","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24845683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178651","display_name":"Interview","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186708","display_name":"Critical design","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/models-c68889.2025.00074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/models-c68889.2025.00074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 ACM/IEEE 28th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"enthusiasm":[1],"for":[2,71,192],"using":[3,92],"Large":[4],"Language":[5],"Models":[6],"(LLMs)":[7],"in":[8,31,42,101,112,144,185,196],"survey":[9,166],"research":[10],"has":[11],"raised":[12],"a":[13,32,98,104],"critical":[14],"question:":[15],"can":[16,79,138,150],"synthetic":[17,148],"personas":[18,30,149,161,198],"replace":[19],"human":[20],"participants?":[21],"Our":[22,153,189],"study":[23],"addresses":[24],"this":[25,119],"question":[26],"by":[27],"embedding":[28],"LLM":[29,130,160],"hybrid":[33,205],"agent-based":[34],"simulation,":[35],"then":[36],"evaluating":[37,159],"how":[38,197],"their":[39,58,171],"behavior":[40,173],"evolves":[41],"response":[43],"to":[44,94],"political":[45],"messages":[46],"over":[47,110],"time.":[48],"We":[49,116],"find":[50],"that":[51,118],"while":[52],"more":[53],"sophisticated":[54],"LLMs":[55,93],"generally":[56],"outperform":[57],"smaller":[59],"or":[60,141],"distilled":[61],"counterparts":[62],"as":[63,107],"expected,":[64],"the":[65,88,129,132,145,156],"commonly":[66],"assumed":[67],"improvement":[68],"of":[69,91,147,158],"prompting":[70],"reasoning":[72],"does":[73],"not":[74,162],"consistently":[75],"enhance":[76],"realism":[77],"and":[78,131,181,202],"sometimes":[80],"degrade":[81],"it.":[82],"Crucially,":[83],"our":[84,113],"simulation":[85,178],"approach":[86,90],"compares":[87],"dominant":[89],"answer":[95],"questions":[96],"at":[97],"single":[99],"point":[100],"time":[102,111],"with":[103],"longitudinal":[105],"perspective,":[106],"behaviors":[108],"change":[109],"computational":[114],"model.":[115],"show":[117],"dynamic":[120,172],"context":[121],"plays":[122],"an":[123],"important":[124],"mediating":[125],"role":[126],"depending":[127],"on":[128,164,170],"prompt,":[133],"e.g.":[134],"small":[135],"initial":[136],"divergences":[137],"be":[139,151],"amplified":[140],"wide":[142],"gaps":[143],"quality":[146],"smoothened.":[152],"work":[154],"highlights":[155],"importance":[157],"only":[163],"static":[165],"alignment":[167],"but":[168],"also":[169],"under":[174],"social":[175],"influence,":[176],"where":[177],"rules,":[179],"LLMs,":[180],"prompt":[182],"choices":[183],"interact":[184],"complex,":[186],"non-linear":[187],"ways.":[188],"findings":[190],"call":[191],"greater":[193],"methodological":[194],"care":[195],"are":[199],"constructed,":[200],"validated,":[201],"deployed":[203],"within":[204],"simulations.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-12-11T00:00:00"}