{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413107727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","title":"Early detection of vascular catheter-associated infections employing supervised machine learning - a case study in Lleida region","display_name":"Early detection of vascular catheter-associated infections employing supervised machine learning - a case study in Lleida region","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413107727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40790589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082269664","display_name":"Radu Spaimoc","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Radu Spaimoc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Lleida, C/ Jaume II, 69, Lleida, 25001, Spain. radu.spaimoc@udl.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Lleida, C/ Jaume II, 69, Lleida, 25001, Spain. radu.spaimoc@udl.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025585436","display_name":"Jordi Mateo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-0380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jordi Mateo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Lleida, C/ Jaume II, 69, Lleida, 25001, Spain. jordi.mateo@udl.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Lleida, C/ Jaume II, 69, Lleida, 25001, Spain. jordi.mateo@udl.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070309620","display_name":"Francesc Solsona","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-9184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesc Solsona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Lleida, C/ Jaume II, 69, Lleida, 25001, Spain. francesc.solsona@udl.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Lleida, C/ Jaume II, 69, Lleida, 25001, Spain. francesc.solsona@udl.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051231728","display_name":"A Jover","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-7200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802050926","display_name":"Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova","ror":"https://ror.org/01p3tpn79","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157913058","https://openalex.org/I2802050926","https://openalex.org/I4210153292"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfredo Jover-S\u00e1enz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nosocomial Infection Unit, Arnau de Vilanova Universitary Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, Lleida, 25198, Spain. ajover.lleida.ics@gencat.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nosocomial Infection Unit, Arnau de Vilanova Universitary Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, Lleida, 25198, Spain. ajover.lleida.ics@gencat.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802050926","https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080477285","display_name":"Fernando Barroso-Barcenilla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-7230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802050926","display_name":"Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova","ror":"https://ror.org/01p3tpn79","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157913058","https://openalex.org/I2802050926","https://openalex.org/I4210153292"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Barcenilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nosocomial Infection Unit, Arnau de Vilanova Universitary Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, Lleida, 25198, Spain. fbarcenilla.lleida.ics@gencat.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nosocomial Infection Unit, Arnau de Vilanova Universitary Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, Lleida, 25198, Spain. fbarcenilla.lleida.ics@gencat.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802050926","https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011878820","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Ram\u00edrez-Hidalgo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-628X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802050926","display_name":"Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova","ror":"https://ror.org/01p3tpn79","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157913058","https://openalex.org/I2802050926","https://openalex.org/I4210153292"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Ram\u00edrez-Hidalgo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nosocomial Infection Unit, Arnau de Vilanova Universitary Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, Lleida, 25198, Spain. mframirez.lleida.ics@gencat.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nosocomial Infection Unit, Arnau de Vilanova Universitary Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, Lleida, 25198, Spain. mframirez.lleida.ics@gencat.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802050926","https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013298497","display_name":"Marcos Serrano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-0601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089386","display_name":"Hospital Universitari de Santa Maria","ror":"https://ror.org/006gamx40","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089386"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcos Serrano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sociosanitary Unit, Santa Maria University Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 44, Lleida, 25198, Spain. mserrano@gss.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sociosanitary Unit, Santa Maria University Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 44, Lleida, 25198, Spain. mserrano@gss.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328","https://openalex.org/I4210089386"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023894452","display_name":"Miquel Mesas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-5205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089386","display_name":"Hospital Universitari de Santa Maria","ror":"https://ror.org/006gamx40","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089386"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miquel Mesas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Department, Santa Maria University Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 44, Lleida, 25198, Spain. mmesas@gss.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Department, Santa Maria University Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 44, Lleida, 25198, Spain. mmesas@gss.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328","https://openalex.org/I4210089386"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039528098","display_name":"D\u00eddac Florensa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0743-6512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089386","display_name":"Hospital Universitari de Santa Maria","ror":"https://ror.org/006gamx40","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089386"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D\u00eddac Florensa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Department, Santa Maria University Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 44, Lleida, 25198, Spain. didac.florensa@gencat.cat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Department, Santa Maria University Hospital of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 44, Lleida, 25198, Spain. didac.florensa@gencat.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328","https://openalex.org/I4210089386"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082269664"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28176415,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"299","last_page":"299"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11153","display_name":"Streptococcal Infections and Treatments","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11153","display_name":"Streptococcal Infections and Treatments","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10195","display_name":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11681","display_name":"Nosocomial Infections in ICU","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6751359701156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6399808526039124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4931418299674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-engineering","display_name":"Feature engineering","score":0.48431506752967834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4807588756084442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4665370285511017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4109411835670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.20502078533172607}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6751359701156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6399808526039124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4931418299674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778827112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22245680","display_name":"Feature engineering","level":3,"score":0.48431506752967834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4807588756084442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4665370285511017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4109411835670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.20502078533172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013030","descriptor_name":"Spain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013030","descriptor_name":"Spain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013030","descriptor_name":"Spain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013030","descriptor_name":"Spain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D042241","descriptor_name":"Early Diagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055499","descriptor_name":"Catheter-Related Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055499","descriptor_name":"Catheter-Related Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055499","descriptor_name":"Catheter-Related Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055499","descriptor_name":"Catheter-Related Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40790589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40790589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6a901f02923e43af8d4f1b8edaf0f7a3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6a901f02923e43af8d4f1b8edaf0f7a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12337550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12337550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03113-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413107727.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413107727.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W641959581","https://openalex.org/W1527663533","https://openalex.org/W1563938718","https://openalex.org/W1796131488","https://openalex.org/W1823054078","https://openalex.org/W1971198900","https://openalex.org/W2005530589","https://openalex.org/W2007047945","https://openalex.org/W2088794999","https://openalex.org/W2104933073","https://openalex.org/W2113513445","https://openalex.org/W2120088134","https://openalex.org/W2145858820","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2478750542","https://openalex.org/W2492307518","https://openalex.org/W2512691369","https://openalex.org/W2514798530","https://openalex.org/W2550576290","https://openalex.org/W2790878695","https://openalex.org/W2889730816","https://openalex.org/W2919584253","https://openalex.org/W2921671163","https://openalex.org/W2972596634","https://openalex.org/W2993162563","https://openalex.org/W3082059448","https://openalex.org/W3105511357","https://openalex.org/W3111251164","https://openalex.org/W3116249329","https://openalex.org/W3139842669","https://openalex.org/W3173198409","https://openalex.org/W4225596874","https://openalex.org/W4280606821","https://openalex.org/W4400431367","https://openalex.org/W4402388928","https://openalex.org/W4405734890","https://openalex.org/W6641497082"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Healthcare-associated":[0],"infections":[1,18],"(HAIs),":[2],"particularly":[3,130],"Vascular":[4],"Catheter-Associated":[5],"Infections":[6],"(VCAIs),":[7],"are":[8,20],"a":[9,255],"significant":[10,124],"concern,":[11],"accounting":[12],"for":[13,35,183,204],"over":[14],"7%":[15],"of":[16,28,71,74,87,134,193,254],"all":[17],"and":[19,39,47,61,84,101,114,142,176],"often":[21],"linked":[22],"to":[23,52,94,228,246],"medical":[24,57],"devices.":[25],"Early":[26],"detection":[27,250],"VCAIs":[29,54],"before":[30,251],"invasive":[31],"infection":[32,118],"is":[33,222,226,244],"crucial":[34],"improving":[36],"hospital":[37],"care":[38],"reducing":[40],"antibiotic":[41,62],"use.":[42,97],"This":[43,233],"study":[44,234],"retrospectively":[45],"developed":[46],"evaluated":[48,161],"machine":[49],"learning":[50,121],"models":[51,138,212],"classify":[53],"from":[55,68],"patient":[56],"records,":[58],"excluding":[59],"fever":[60],"prescription":[63],"indicators.":[64],"The":[65],"dataset,":[66],"collected":[67],"the":[69,75,104,132,156,160,163,171,188,191,215,220,230,241,252],"group":[70],"public":[72],"hospitals":[73],"Lleida":[76],"health":[77],"region":[78],"in":[79,126,131,155],"Catalonia":[80],"(Spain)":[81],"between":[82],"2011":[83],"2019,":[85],"consisted":[86],"24,239":[88],"episodes":[89,113],"with":[90,109,240],"150":[91],"features":[92],"related":[93],"vascular":[95],"catheter":[96,117],"After":[98],"validation,":[99],"processing":[100],"feature":[102,238],"engineering,":[103],"dataset":[105],"showed":[106],"an":[107],"imbalance,":[108],"94.46%":[110],"(10,090)":[111],"non-catheter":[112],"5.53%":[115],"(591)":[116],"cases.":[119,158],"Machine":[120],"classifiers":[122],"demonstrated":[123],"challenges":[125],"classifying":[127],"imbalanced":[128],"datasets,":[129],"context":[133],"VCAIs.":[135],"While":[136],"most":[137],"achieved":[139],"high":[140],"accuracy":[141,174],"specificity":[143],"(approximately":[144],"97%),":[145],"they":[146,207],"frequently":[147],"exhibited":[148],"limited":[149],"sensitivity,":[150],"reaching":[151],"only":[152],"around":[153],"60%":[154],"best-performing":[157],"Among":[159],"classifiers,":[162,206],"Gradient":[164],"Boosting":[165],"(GB)":[166],"model":[167,197],"outperformed":[168],"others,":[169],"attaining":[170],"highest":[172],"balanced":[173],"(82.5%)":[175],"sensitivity":[177],"(67%),":[178],"underscoring":[179],"its":[180],"potential":[181],"utility":[182],"early":[184],"VCAI":[185,249],"detection.":[186],"Additionally,":[187],"analysis":[189],"examined":[190],"impact":[192],"oversampling":[194],"techniques":[195],"on":[196,214],"performance.":[198],"Although":[199],"these":[200],"methods":[201],"enhanced":[202],"metrics":[203],"some":[205],"did":[208],"not":[209,223],"consistently":[210],"outperform":[211],"trained":[213],"original":[216,231],"dataset.":[217,232],"Therefore,":[218],"if":[219],"improvement":[221],"significant,":[224],"it":[225],"preferable":[227],"use":[229],"highlights":[235],"that":[236],"strategic":[237],"engineering":[239],"GB":[242],"classifier":[243],"sufficient":[245],"obtain":[247],"robust":[248],"appearance":[253],"probable":[256],"sepsis.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}