{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208818243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200581","title":"A text-based multi-span network for reading comprehension","display_name":"A text-based multi-span network for reading comprehension","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208818243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200581","mag":"3208818243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-200581","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045181337","display_name":"Deguang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7801-008X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deguang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081274781","display_name":"Ziping Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6764-6135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziping Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088784300","display_name":"Wei Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4122-2895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101413067","display_name":"Yanbin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4752-1079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanbin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643098","display_name":"Jinlin Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-286X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinlin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036575832","display_name":"Yuanwen Gong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanwen Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024102664","display_name":"Jie Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-6780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100643098"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.136,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56053695,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"6","first_page":"5807","last_page":"5819"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"Reading comprehension","score":0.7686024308204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7626311182975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/span","display_name":"Span (engineering)","score":0.6695767045021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.6673367619514465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.594634473323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.5680180191993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5434868335723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention-span","display_name":"Attention span","score":0.4884887933731079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4855901598930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.16273316740989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.12425440549850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07519403100013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.06919685006141663}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.7686024308204651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7626311182975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1960395","display_name":"Span (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6695767045021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6673367619514465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.594634473323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.5680180191993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5434868335723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41606952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115119","display_name":"Attention span","level":3,"score":0.4884887933731079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4855901598930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.16273316740989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12425440549850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07519403100013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.06919685006141663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-200581","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121887197","https://openalex.org/W2422843715","https://openalex.org/W2588926130","https://openalex.org/W2949615363","https://openalex.org/W2950813464","https://openalex.org/W2963963993","https://openalex.org/W2974335209","https://openalex.org/W2982091265","https://openalex.org/W2983971936","https://openalex.org/W3087195275","https://openalex.org/W3093871477","https://openalex.org/W3109366935","https://openalex.org/W3131577358","https://openalex.org/W3206462664","https://openalex.org/W3215714569","https://openalex.org/W6632455782","https://openalex.org/W6784447870","https://openalex.org/W6791349721"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W2524839221","https://openalex.org/W4223892844","https://openalex.org/W1982811735","https://openalex.org/W1969359128","https://openalex.org/W2389366623","https://openalex.org/W2122416217","https://openalex.org/W2324727228","https://openalex.org/W2362662964","https://openalex.org/W3208818243"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Text-based":[0],"reading":[1,43,68],"comprehension":[2,23,44],"models":[3,24,41],"have":[4,28,45],"great":[5],"research":[6],"significance":[7],"and":[8,11,33,49,71,89,95,116,120,130],"market":[9],"value":[10],"are":[12],"one":[13],"of":[14,18,25,114],"the":[15,84,97,101],"main":[16],"directions":[17],"natural":[19],"language":[20],"processing.":[21],"Reading":[22],"single-span":[26],"answers":[27],"recently":[29],"attracted":[30],"more":[31],"attention":[32],"achieved":[34],"significant":[35],"results.":[36],"In":[37],"contrast,":[38],"multi-span":[39,65,74,86,91],"answer":[40,75,92],"for":[42,67],"been":[46],"less":[47],"investigated":[48],"their":[50],"performances":[51],"need":[52],"improvement.":[53],"To":[54],"address":[55],"this":[56,59],"issue,":[57],"in":[58],"paper,":[60],"we":[61],"propose":[62],"a":[63,73,131],"text-based":[64],"network":[66],"comprehension,":[69],"ALBERT_SBoundary,":[70],"build":[72],"corpus,":[76,87,93],"MultiSpan_NMU.":[77],"We":[78],"also":[79,126],"conduct":[80],"extensive":[81],"experiments":[82],"on":[83,118],"public":[85],"MultiSpan_DROP,":[88],"our":[90,108],"MultiSpan_NMU,":[94],"compare":[96],"proposed":[98,109],"method":[99,110],"with":[100],"state-of-the-art.":[102],"The":[103],"experimental":[104],"results":[105],"show":[106],"that":[107],"achieves":[111],"F1":[112],"scores":[113],"84.10":[115],"92.88":[117],"MultiSpan_DROP":[119],"MultiSpan_NMU":[121],"datasets,":[122],"respectively,":[123],"while":[124],"it":[125],"has":[127],"fewer":[128],"parameters":[129],"shorter":[132],"training":[133],"time.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}