{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366555322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2304.09407","title":"Pointerformer: Deep Reinforced Multi-Pointer Transformer for the Traveling Salesman Problem","display_name":"Pointerformer: Deep Reinforced Multi-Pointer Transformer for the Traveling Salesman Problem","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366555322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2304.09407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2304.09407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.09407","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.09407","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.09407","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023969203","display_name":"Yan Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-5837"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jin, Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084817693","display_name":"Yuandong Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ding, Yuandong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054192133","display_name":"Xuanhao Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan, Xuanhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100700363","display_name":"Kun He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-8671"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He, Kun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102933302","display_name":"Li Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-8745"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Li","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020025718","display_name":"Tao Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9095-0776"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin, Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016589449","display_name":"Lei Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-065X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song, Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030951014","display_name":"Jiang Bian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-5429"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bian, Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023969203"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9010999798774719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6970340013504028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travelling-salesman-problem","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","score":0.6571947336196899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.612260103225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","score":0.5665221214294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5575133562088013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4359270930290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.43259844183921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4262898862361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4157916307449341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3207727074623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.22982746362686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14349204301834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13558754324913025}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6970340013504028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175859090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322212","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","level":2,"score":0.6571947336196899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.612260103225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.5665221214294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5575133562088013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4359270930290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.43259844183921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4262898862361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4157916307449341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3207727074623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.22982746362686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14349204301834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13558754324913025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2304.09407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.09407","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.09407","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2304.09407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2304.09407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2304.09407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.09407","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.09407","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366555322.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525389557","https://openalex.org/W2361554335","https://openalex.org/W2359992618","https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2054495636","https://openalex.org/W3159037256","https://openalex.org/W4206178588","https://openalex.org/W3094491777","https://openalex.org/W3214715529","https://openalex.org/W4287635093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traveling":[0],"Salesman":[1],"Problem":[2],"(TSP),":[3],"as":[4,28,99,157,159,197],"a":[5,21,92,141,177,182],"classic":[6],"routing":[7],"optimization":[8],"problem":[9,85],"originally":[10],"arising":[11],"in":[12,24,112,118,171],"the":[13,73,83,113,119,127,133,147,172],"domain":[14],"of":[15,52,72,126,135,149],"transportation":[16],"and":[17,30,64,78,115,154,181],"logistics,":[18],"has":[19,37],"become":[20],"critical":[22],"task":[23],"broader":[25],"domains,":[26],"such":[27],"manufacturing":[29],"biology.":[31],"Recently,":[32],"Deep":[33],"Reinforcement":[34],"Learning":[35],"(DRL)":[36],"been":[38],"increasingly":[39],"employed":[40],"to":[41,45,68,98,121,145,165,207],"solve":[42],"TSP":[43,62,136,150,195],"due":[44],"its":[46],"high":[47],"inference":[48,155],"efficiency.":[49],"Nevertheless,":[50],"most":[51,193],"existing":[53],"end-to-end":[54,94],"DRL":[55,95,199],"algorithms":[56],"only":[57],"perform":[58],"well":[59,158,205],"on":[60,102,176,192],"small":[61],"instances":[63,196],"can":[65,203],"hardly":[66],"generalize":[67,206],"large":[69],"scale":[70],"because":[71],"drastically":[74],"soaring":[75],"memory":[76,124],"consumption":[77,125],"computation":[79],"time":[80],"along":[81],"with":[82],"enlarging":[84],"scale.":[86],"In":[87],"this":[88],"paper,":[89],"we":[90],"propose":[91],"novel":[93],"approach,":[96],"referred":[97],"Pointerformer,":[100],"based":[101],"multi-pointer":[103,116],"Transformer.":[104],"Particularly,":[105],"Pointerformer":[106,138,202],"adopts":[107],"both":[108,140,152],"reversible":[109],"residual":[110],"network":[111,117],"encoder":[114],"decoder":[120],"effectively":[122],"contain":[123],"encoder-decoder":[128],"architecture.":[129],"To":[130],"further":[131],"improve":[132],"performance":[134],"solutions,":[137],"employs":[139],"feature":[142],"augmentation":[143],"method":[144],"explore":[146],"symmetries":[148],"at":[151],"training":[153],"stages":[156],"an":[160],"enhanced":[161],"context":[162,169],"embedding":[163],"approach":[164],"include":[166],"more":[167],"comprehensive":[168],"information":[170],"query.":[173],"Extensive":[174],"experiments":[175],"randomly":[178],"generated":[179],"benchmark":[180,184],"public":[183],"have":[185],"shown":[186],"that,":[187],"while":[188],"achieving":[189],"comparative":[190],"results":[191],"small-scale":[194],"SOTA":[198],"approaches":[200],"do,":[201],"also":[204],"large-scale":[208],"TSPs.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
