{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069796486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5244/c.20.75","title":"Mean-Shift Tracking with Random Sampling","display_name":"Mean-Shift Tracking with Random Sampling","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069796486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5244/c.20.75","mag":"2069796486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5244/c.20.75","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5244/c.20.75","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedings of the British Machine Vision Conference 2006","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103485364","display_name":"A. P. Leung","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. P. Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038799336","display_name":"Shengrong Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-2422"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103485364"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2132,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88123934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"75.1","last_page":"75.10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-shift","display_name":"Mean-shift","score":0.7504251003265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.691292405128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.640694260597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.6255480051040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5655354261398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5517591238021851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5413430333137512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4523547291755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4517490267753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4329540431499481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.42222100496292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4189996123313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3533979058265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.29294776916503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.12539049983024597}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48548287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803557","display_name":"Mean-shift","level":3,"score":0.7504251003265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.691292405128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.640694260597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.6255480051040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5655354261398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5517591238021851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5413430333137512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4523547291755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4517490267753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4329540431499481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.42222100496292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4189996123313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3533979058265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.29294776916503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12539049983024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5244/c.20.75","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5244/c.20.75","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedings of the British Machine Vision Conference 2006","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.100.3955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.100.3955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/bmvc2006/papers/266.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.380.4235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.380.4235","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.bmva.org/bmvc/2006/papers/266.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053181242","https://openalex.org/W2132103241","https://openalex.org/W2143715815","https://openalex.org/W2150697917","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2165096258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487824918","https://openalex.org/W2386156666","https://openalex.org/W2349207614","https://openalex.org/W2335246570","https://openalex.org/W1980446522","https://openalex.org/W2062358783","https://openalex.org/W2365415794","https://openalex.org/W2290997524","https://openalex.org/W2513707623","https://openalex.org/W1985706094"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"boosting":[3],"the":[4,16,45,48,51,63,83,117,120,125,128,133,136,138,144,150,194],"efficiency":[5,201],"of":[6,47,60,89,119,127,147],"Mean-Shift":[7,163],"Tracking":[8,164],"using":[9,140],"random":[10,42,79,97,177],"sampling":[11,80],"is":[12,54,76,152,160],"proposed.":[13],"We":[14],"obtained":[15],"surprising":[17],"result":[18],"that":[19,30,78,182],"mean-shift":[20,196],"tracking":[21,32,110,203],"requires":[22],"only":[23],"very":[24],"few":[25,38],"samples.":[26,178],"Our":[27],"experiments":[28],"demonstrate":[29,181],"robust":[31],"can":[33,65],"be":[34,66],"achieved":[35],"with":[36,96,168,185,198],"as":[37,39],"even":[40],"5":[41],"samples":[43],"from":[44],"image":[46],"object.":[49],"As":[50],"computational":[52,200],"complexity":[53],"considerably":[55],"reduced":[56],"and":[57,135,189,202],"becomes":[58],"independent":[59],"object":[61,93,109,134,151],"size,":[62],"processor":[64],"used":[67],"to":[68,165],"handle":[69],"other":[70],"processing":[71,84],"tasks":[72],"while":[73],"tracking.":[74],"It":[75,123],"demonstrated":[77],"significantly":[81],"reduces":[82],"time":[85],"by":[86,173],"two":[87],"orders":[88],"magnitude":[90],"for":[91,108,116,154],"typical":[92],"sizes.":[94],"Additionally,":[95],"sampling,":[98],"we":[99],"propose":[100],"a":[101,113],"new":[102],"optimal":[103],"on-line":[104],"feature":[105,187],"selection":[106,188],"algorithm":[107],"which":[111,131],"maximizes":[112],"similarity":[114],"measure":[115],"weights":[118,126],"RGB":[121,129],"channels.":[122],"selects":[124],"channels":[130],"discriminate":[132],"background":[137],"most":[139],"Steepest":[141],"Descent.":[142],"Moreover,":[143],"spatial":[145,155,158,191],"distribution":[146],"pixels":[148],"representing":[149],"estimated":[153],"weighting.":[156],"Arbitrary":[157],"weighting":[159,192],"incorporated":[161],"into":[162],"represent":[166],"objects":[167],"arbitrary":[169,190],"or":[170],"changing":[171],"shapes":[172],"picking":[174],"up":[175],"non-uniform":[176],"Experimental":[179],"results":[180],"our":[183],"tracker":[184,197],"online":[186],"outperforms":[193],"original":[195],"improved":[199],"accuracy.":[204],"1":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}