Gaming Strategies in European Imbalance Settlement Mechanisms.

Bert Claessens Bert J. Claessens

Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Kenneth Bruninx Bert Claessens Chris Develder Gaming Strategies in European Imbalance Settlement Mechanisms. 2025 May abs/2505.14133 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.14133 db/journals/corr/corr2505.html#abs-2505-14133 streams/journals/corr

Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Kenneth Bruninx Bert Claessens Chris Develder Model Predictive Control-Guided Reinforcement Learning for Implicit Balancing. 2025 October abs/2510.04868 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.04868 db/journals/corr/corr2510.html#abs-2510-04868 streams/journals/corr

Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Toon Van Puyvelde Gargya Gokhale Bert Claessens Chris Develder Multi-source Transfer Learning in Reinforcement Learning-based Home Battery Controller. 2024 BuildSys https://doi.org/10.1145/3671127.3699534 conf/buildsys/2024 db/conf/buildsys/buildsys2024.html#MadahiPGCD24 Gargya Gokhale Bert Claessens Chris Develder Sample efficient reinforcement learning for building control: Leveraging physics informed latent representations. 2024 e-Energy https://doi.org/10.1145/3632775.3661983 conf/eenergy/2024 db/conf/eenergy/eenergy2024.html#GokhaleCD24 Gargya Gokhale Bert Claessens Chris Develder Explainable Home Energy Management Systems based on Reinforcement Learning using Differentiable Decision Trees. 2024 e-Energy https://doi.org/10.1145/3632775.3663310 conf/eenergy/2024 db/conf/eenergy/eenergy2024.html#GokhaleCD24a Gargya Gokhale Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Bert Claessens Chris Develder Distill2Explain: Differentiable decision trees for explainable reinforcement learning in energy application controllers. 2024 e-Energy https://doi.org/10.1145/3632775.3661937 conf/eenergy/2024 db/conf/eenergy/eenergy2024.html#GokhaleMCD24 Seyed Doroush Karimi Madahi Gargya Gokhale Marie-Sophie Verwee Bert Claessens Chris Develder Control Policy Correction Framework for Reinforcement Learning-based Energy Arbitrage Strategies. 2024 e-Energy https://doi.org/10.1145/3632775.3661948 conf/eenergy/2024 db/conf/eenergy/eenergy2024.html#MadahiGVCD24 Fabio Pavirani Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Bert Claessens Chris Develder Frequency Containment Reserve and Imbalance participation: a Battery-Integrated Reinforcement Learning Strategy. 2024 e-Energy https://doi.org/10.1145/3632775.3661976 conf/eenergy/2024 db/conf/eenergy/eenergy2024.html#PaviraniMCD24

Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Bert Claessens Chris Develder Distributional Reinforcement Learning-based Energy Arbitrage Strategies in Imbalance Settlement Mechanism. 2024 abs/2401.00015 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.00015 db/journals/corr/corr2401.html#abs-2401-00015

Gargya Gokhale Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Bert Claessens Chris Develder Distill2Explain: Differentiable decision trees for explainable reinforcement learning in energy application controllers. 2024 abs/2403.11907 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.11907 db/journals/corr/corr2403.html#abs-2403-11907

Gargya Gokhale Bert Claessens Chris Develder Explainable Reinforcement Learning-based Home Energy Management Systems using Differentiable Decision Trees. 2024 abs/2403.11947 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.11947 db/journals/corr/corr2403.html#abs-2403-11947

Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Gargya Gokhale Marie-Sophie Verwee Bert Claessens Chris Develder Control Policy Correction Framework for Reinforcement Learning-based Energy Arbitrage Strategies. 2024 abs/2404.18821 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.18821 db/journals/corr/corr2404.html#abs-2404-18821

Fabio Pavirani Jonas Van Gompel Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Bert Claessens Chris Develder Predicting and Publishing Accurate Imbalance Prices Using Monte Carlo Tree Search. 2024 abs/2411.04011 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.04011 db/journals/corr/corr2411.html#abs-2411-04011 streams/journals/corr

Gargya Gokhale Niels Tiben Marie-Sophie Verwee Manu Lahariya Bert Claessens Chris Develder Real-World Implementation of Reinforcement Learning Based Energy Coordination for a Cluster of Households. 347-351 2023 BuildSys https://doi.org/10.1145/3600100.3625681 conf/sensys/2023buildsys db/conf/sensys/buildsys2023.html#GokhaleTVLCD23 Gargya Gokhale Jonas Van Gompel Bert Claessens Chris Develder Transfer Learning in Transformer-Based Demand Forecasting For Home Energy Management System. 458-462 2023 BuildSys https://doi.org/10.1145/3600100.3626635 conf/sensys/2023buildsys db/conf/sensys/buildsys2023.html#GokhaleGCD23

Gargya Gokhale Niels Tiben Marie-Sophie Verwee Manu Lahariya Bert J. Claessens Chris Develder Real-World Implementation of Reinforcement Learning Based Energy Coordination for a Cluster of Households. 2023 abs/2310.19155 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.19155 db/journals/corr/corr2310.html#abs-2310-19155

Gargya Gokhale Jonas Van Gompel Bert J. Claessens Chris Develder Transfer Learning in Transformer-Based Demand Forecasting For Home Energy Management System. 2023 abs/2310.19159 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.19159 db/journals/corr/corr2310.html#abs-2310-19159

Fabio Pavirani Gargya Gokhale Bert Claessens Chris Develder Demand response for residential building heating: Effective Monte Carlo Tree Search control based on physics-informed neural networks. 2023 abs/2312.03365 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.03365 db/journals/corr/corr2312.html#abs-2312-03365

Gargya Gokhale Bert Claessens Chris Develder PhysQ: A Physics Informed Reinforcement Learning Framework for Building Control. 2022 abs/2211.11830 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.11830 db/journals/corr/corr2211.html#abs-2211-11830

Gargya Gokhale Bert Claessens Chris Develder Physics Informed Neural Networks for Control Oriented Thermal Modeling of Buildings. 2021 abs/2111.12066 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.12066 db/journals/corr/corr2111.html#abs-2111-12066

Jonas Engels Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Grid-Constrained Distributed Optimization for Frequency Control With Low-Voltage Flexibility. 612-622 2020 11 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2019.2926956 db/journals/tsg/tsg11.html#EngelsCD20

Jonas Engels Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Optimal Combination of Frequency Control and Peak Shaving With Battery Storage Systems. 3270-3279 2020 11 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2019.2963098 db/journals/tsg/tsg11.html#EngelsCD20a

Jonas Engels Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Combined Stochastic Optimization of Frequency Control and Self-Consumption With a Battery. 1971-1981 2019 10 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2785040 db/journals/tsg/tsg10.html#EngelsCD19

Mingxi Liu Stef Peeters Duncan S. Callaway Bert J. Claessens Trajectory Tracking With an Aggregation of Domestic Hot Water Heaters: Combining Model-Based and Model-Free Control in a Commercial Deployment. 5686-5695 2019 10 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2890275 db/journals/tsg/tsg10.html#LiuPCC19

Jonas Engels Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Techno-Economic Analysis and Optimal Control of Battery Storage for Frequency Control Services, Applied to the German Market. 2019 abs/1903.04251 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.04251 db/journals/corr/corr1903.html#abs-1903-04251

Jonas Engels Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Grid-Constrained Distributed Optimization for Frequency Control with Low-Voltage Flexibility. 2019 abs/1903.04282 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.04282 db/journals/corr/corr1903.html#abs-1903-04282

Jonas Engels Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Optimal Combination of Frequency Control and Peak Shaving with Battery Storage Systems. 2019 abs/1906.06907 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.06907 db/journals/corr/corr1906.html#abs-1906-06907

Bert J. Claessens Peter Vrancx Frederik Ruelens Convolutional Neural Networks for Automatic State-Time Feature Extraction in Reinforcement Learning Applied to Residential Load Control. 3259-3269 2018 9 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2016.2629450 db/journals/tsg/tsg9.html#ClaessensVR18

Frederik Ruelens Bert Claessens Salman Quaiyum Bart De Schutter Robert Babuska Ronnie Belmans Reinforcement Learning Applied to an Electric Water Heater: From Theory to Practice. 3792-3800 2018 9 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2016.2640184 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q107155166 db/journals/tsg/tsg9.html#RuelensCQSBB18

Sandro Iacovella Frederik Ruelens Pieter Vingerhoets Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Cluster Control of Heterogeneous Thermostatically Controlled Loads Using Tracer Devices. 528-536 2017 8 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2015.2483506 db/journals/tsg/tsg8.html#IacovellaRVCD17

Frederik Ruelens Bert J. Claessens Stijn Vandael Bart De Schutter Robert Babuska Ronnie Belmans Residential Demand Response of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Using Batch Reinforcement Learning. 2149-2159 2017 8 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2016.2517211 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q107155200 db/journals/tsg/tsg8.html#RuelensCVSBB17

Bert J. Claessens Dirk Vanhoudt Johan Desmedt Frederik Ruelens Model-Free Control of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Connected to a District Heating Network. 2017 abs/1701.08074 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1701.08074 db/journals/corr/corr1701.html#ClaessensVDR17

Dirk Vanhoudt Bert Claessens Robbe Salenbien Johan Desmedt The use of distributed thermal storage in district heating grids for demand side management. 2017 abs/1702.06005 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.06005 db/journals/corr/corr1702.html#VanhoudtCSD17

Frederik Ruelens Bert J. Claessens Peter Vrancx Fred Spiessens Geert Deconinck Direct Load Control of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Based on Sparse Observations Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. 2017 abs/1707.08553 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1707.08553 db/journals/corr/corr1707.html#RuelensCVSD17

Jonas Engels Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck Combined Stochastic Optimization of Frequency Control and Self-Consumption with a Battery. 2017 abs/1710.08331 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1710.08331 db/journals/corr/corr1710.html#abs-1710-08331

Frederik Ruelens Bert J. Claessens Ronnie Belmans Geert Deconinck Sequential decision-making strategy for a demand response aggregator in a two-settlement electricity market. 1229-1235 2016 ECC https://doi.org/10.1109/ECC.2016.7810457 conf/eucc/2016 db/conf/eucc/eucc2016.html#RuelensCBD16 Junjie Hu 0002 Kai Heussen Bert Claessens Lei Sun 0007 Reinhilde D'Hulst Toward coordinated robust allocation of reserve policies for a cell-based power system. 1-6 2016 ISGT Europe https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2016.7856307 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58010613 conf/isgteurope/2016 db/conf/isgteurope/isgteurope2016.html#HuHCSD16

Bert J. Claessens Peter Vrancx Frederik Ruelens Convolutional Neural Networks For Automatic State-Time Feature Extraction in Reinforcement Learning Applied to Residential Load Control. 2016 abs/1604.08382 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1604.08382 db/journals/corr/corr1604.html#ClaessensVR16

Stijn Vandael Bert Claessens Damien Ernst Tom Holvoet Geert Deconinck Reinforcement Learning of Heuristic EV Fleet Charging in a Day-Ahead Electricity Market. 1795-1805 2015 6 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2015.2393059 db/journals/tsg/tsg6.html#VandaelCEHD15

Frederik Ruelens Bert Claessens Stijn Vandael Bart De Schutter Robert Babuska Ronnie Belmans Residential Demand Response Applications Using Batch Reinforcement Learning. 2015 abs/1504.02125 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.02125 db/journals/corr/corr1504.html#RuelensCVSBB15

Frederik Ruelens Sandro Iacovella Bert J. Claessens Ronnie Belmans Learning Agent for a Heat-Pump Thermostat With a Set-Back Strategy Using Model-Free Reinforcement Learning. 2015 abs/1506.01054 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.01054 db/journals/corr/corr1506.html#RuelensICB15

Giuseppe Tommaso Costanzo Sandro Iacovella Frederik Ruelens T. Leurs Bert Claessens Experimental analysis of data-driven control for a building heating system. 2015 abs/1507.03638 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.03638 db/journals/corr/corr1507.html#CostanzoIRLC15

Frederik Ruelens Bert Claessens Salman Quaiyum Bart De Schutter Robert Babuska Ronnie Belmans Reinforcement Learning Applied to an Electric Water Heater: From Theory to Practice. 2015 abs/1512.00408 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.00408 db/journals/corr/corr1512.html#RuelensCQSBB15

Klaas De Craemer Stijn Vandael Bert Claessens Geert Deconinck An Event-Driven Dual Coordination Mechanism for Demand Side Management of PHEVs. 751-760 2014 5 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2013.2272197 db/journals/tsg/tsg5.html#CraemerVCD14

Willem Leterme Frederik Ruelens Bert Claessens Ronnie Belmans A Flexible Stochastic Optimization Method for Wind Power Balancing With PHEVs. 1238-1245 2014 5 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2014.2302316 db/journals/tsg/tsg5.html#LetermeRCB14

Sam Weckx Reinhilde D'Hulst Bert Claessens Johan Driesen Multiagent Charging of Electric Vehicles Respecting Distribution Transformer Loading and Voltage Limits. 2857-2867 2014 5 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2014.2345886 db/journals/tsg/tsg5.html#WeckxDCD14

Frederik Ruelens Bert J. Claessens Stijn Vandael Sandro Iacovella Pieter Vingerhoets Ronnie Belmans Demand response of a heterogeneous cluster of electric water heaters using batch reinforcement learning. 1-7 2014 PSCC https://doi.org/10.1109/PSCC.2014.7038106 conf/pscc/2014 db/conf/pscc/pscc2014.html#RuelensCVIVB14

Stijn Vandael Bert Claessens Maarten Hommelberg Tom Holvoet Geert Deconinck A Scalable Three-Step Approach for Demand Side Management of Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles. 720-728 2013 4 IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2012.2213847 db/journals/tsg/tsg4.html#VandaelCHHD13

Bert Claessens Stijn Vandael Frederik Ruelens Klaas De Craemer Bert Beusen Peak shaving of a heterogeneous cluster of residential flexibility carriers using reinforcement learning. 1-5 2013 ISGT Europe https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2013.6695254 conf/isgteurope/2013 db/conf/isgteurope/isgteurope2013.html#ClaessensVRCB13 Frederik Ruelens Sam Weckx Willem Leterme Stijn Vandael Bert Claessens Ronnie Belmans Stochastic portfolio management of an electric vehicles aggregator under price uncertainty. 1-5 2013 ISGT Europe https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2013.6695329 conf/isgteurope/2013 db/conf/isgteurope/isgteurope2013.html#RuelensWLVCB13 Sandro Iacovella Frederik Geth Frederik Ruelens Niels Leemput Pieter Vingerhoets Geert Deconinck Bert Claessens Double-layered control methodology combining price objective and grid constraints. 25-30 2013 SmartGridComm https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2013.6687928 conf/smartgridcomm/2013 db/conf/smartgridcomm/smartgridcomm2013.html#IacovellaGRLVDC13

Stijn Vandael Bert Claessens Tom Holvoet Geert Deconinck A Model-Free Flexibility Management System at KU Leuven and VITO. 2013 2013 ERCIM News 92 http://ercim-news.ercim.eu/en92/special/a-model-free-flexibility-management-system-at-ku-leuven-and-vito db/journals/ercim/ercim2013.html#VandaelCHD13

Bert Claessens Stijn Vandael Frederik Ruelens Maarten Hommelberg Self-learning demand side management for a heterogeneous cluster of devices with binary control actions. 1-8 2012 ISGT Europe https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2012.6465679 conf/isgteurope/2012 db/conf/isgteurope/isgteurope2012.html#ClaessensVRH12 Niels Leemput Frederik Geth Bert Claessens Juan Van Roy Raf Ponnette Johan Driesen A case study of coordinated electric vehicle charging for peak shaving on a low voltage grid. 1-7 2012 ISGT Europe https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2012.6465656 conf/isgteurope/2012 db/conf/isgteurope/isgteurope2012.html#LeemputGCRPD12 Frederik Ruelens Stijn Vandael Willem Leterme Bert Claessens Maarten Hommelberg Tom Holvoet Ronnie Belmans Demand side management of electric vehicles with uncertainty on arrival and departure times. 1-8 2012 ISGT Europe https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2012.6465695 conf/isgteurope/2012 db/conf/isgteurope/isgteurope2012.html#RuelensVLCHHB12

Grietus Mulder Bert Claessens Insights in storage as a solution for local renewable electricity generation. 116-121 2011 128 Elektrotech. Informationstechnik 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-011-0819-5 db/journals/ei/ei128.html#MulderC11

Niels Leemput Juan Van Roy Frederik Geth Peter Tant Bert Claessens Johan Driesen Comparative analysis of coordination strategies for electric vehicles. 1-8 2011 ISGT Europe https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162778 conf/isgteurope/2011 db/conf/isgteurope/isgteurope2011.html#LeemputRGTCD11 Robert Babuska Ronnie Belmans Bert Beusen Kenneth Bruninx Duncan S. Callaway Giuseppe Tommaso Costanzo Klaas De Craemer Geert Deconinck Johan Desmedt Chris Develder Reinhilde D'Hulst Johan Driesen Jonas Engels Damien Ernst Frederik Geth Gargya Gokhale Jonas Van Gompel Kai Heussen Tom Holvoet Maarten Hommelberg Junjie Hu 0002 Sandro Iacovella Manu Lahariya Niels Leemput Willem Leterme T. Leurs Mingxi Liu Seyed Doroush Karimi Madahi Seyed Soroush Karimi Madahi Grietus Mulder Fabio Pavirani Stef Peeters Raf Ponnette Toon Van Puyvelde Salman Quaiyum Juan Van Roy Frederik Ruelens Robbe Salenbien Bart De Schutter Fred Spiessens Lei Sun 0007 Peter Tant Niels Tiben Stijn Vandael Dirk Vanhoudt Marie-Sophie Verwee Pieter Vingerhoets Peter Vrancx Sam Weckx