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{{Short description|Baseball statistic}}
{{lowercase}}
In [[baseball]], '''wOBA''' (or weighted on-base average)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fangraphs.com/blogs/the-language-of-fangraphs/|title=The Language Of Fangraphs {{!}} FanGraphs Baseball|date=11 January 2010 |access-date=2018-12-07}}</ref> is a statistic, based on [[Linear regression|linear weights]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fangraphs.com/library/principles/linear-weights/|title=Linear Weights - FanGraphs Sabermetrics Library|website=www.fangraphs.com}}</ref> designed to measure a player's overall offensive contributions per plate appearance. It is formed from taking the observed run values of various offensive events, dividing by a player's plate appearances, and scaling the result to be on the same scale as [[on-base percentage]]. Unlike statistics like [[On-base plus slugging|OPS]], wOBA attempts to assign the proper value for each type of hitting event. It was created by [[Tom Tango]] and his coauthors for ''The Book: Playing the Percentages in Baseball''.<ref name="thebook">{{cite web|url=http://www.insidethebook.com/woba.shtml|title=wOBA - Weighted On Base Average|website=www.insidethebook.com}}</ref>
 
== Usage ==
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Balls hit hard (i.e. with a high [[exit velocity]]) in the [[sweet spot (sports)|sweet spot]] produce higher wOBA.<ref>{{cite news|first=Ben|last=Clemens|title=A Sweet Spot by Any Other Definition|date=February 25, 2020|work=FanGraphs|url=https://blogs.fangraphs.com/a-sweet-spot-by-any-other-definition/|access-date=March 14, 2024}}</ref>
 
== Historical Versionsversions of the Formulaformula ==
Coefficients for each tracked outcome vary by year. A historical record of these coefficients can be found at FanGraphs.<ref name=":0" />
 
=== 2023 Formula ===
Per [[Fangraphs]], the formula for wOBA in the 2023 season was:<ref name=":0" />
 
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—————
 
* ''AB'' = ''[[atAt bat]]''
* ''BB'' = ''[[Base on balls|Bases on balls]]''
* ''IBB'' = ''[[base on balls#Intentional base on balls|<u>Intentional</u> bases on balls]]''
* ''IBBSF'' = ''[[baseSacrifice onfly|Sacrifice balls#flies]]''
* ''SF'' = ''[[sacrifice flies]]''
* ''HBP'' = ''[[Hit by pitch]]''
 
=== 2019Original Formulaformula ===
Per [[Fangraphs]], the formula for wOBA in the 2019 season was:<ref name=":0" />
 
<math>wOBA=\frac{(0.69*NIBB) + (0.719*HBP) + (0.87*\mathit{1}B) + (1.217*\mathit{2}B) + (1.529*\mathit{3}B) + (1.94*HR)}{AB + BB - IBB + SF + HBP}
</math>
 
where:
* ''NIBB'' = ''<u>Non-intentional</u> [[Base on balls|bases on balls]]''
* ''HBP'' = ''[[Hit by pitch]]''
* ''1B'' = ''[[Single (baseball)|Single]]''
* ''2B'' = ''[[Double (baseball)|Double]]''
* ''3B'' = ''[[Triple (baseball)|Triple]]''
* ''HR'' = ''[[Home run]]''
 
—————
 
* ''AB'' = ''[[at bat]]''
* ''BB'' = ''[[Base on balls]]''
* ''IBB'' = ''<u>Intentional</u> [[base on balls]]''
* ''SF'' = ''[[sacrifice flies]]''
* ''HBP'' = ''[[Hit by pitch]]''
 
=== 2018 Formula ===
The formula for the 2018 season was:<ref name=":0" />
 
<math>wOBA=\frac{(0.69*NIBB) + (0.72*HBP) + (0.88*\mathit{1}B) + (1.247*\mathit{2}B) + (1.578*\mathit{3}B) + (2.031*HR)}{AB + BB - IBB + SF + HBP}
</math>
 
* ''NIBB'' = ''<u>Non-intentional</u> [[Base on balls|bases on balls]]''
* ''HBP'' = ''[[Hit by pitch]]''
* ''1B'' = ''[[Single (baseball)|Single]]''
* ''2B'' = ''[[Double (baseball)|Double]]''
* ''3B'' = ''[[Triple (baseball)|Triple]]''
* ''HR'' = ''[[Home run]]''
 
—————
 
* ''AB'' = ''[[at bat]]''
* ''BB'' = ''[[Base on balls]]''
* ''IBB'' = ''<u>Intentional</u> [[base on balls]]''
* ''SF'' = ''[[sacrifice flies]]''
* ''HBP'' = ''[[Hit by pitch]]''
 
=== Original Formula ===
The formula below appeared in ''The Book.''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tango, Tom M. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/919473395 |title=The book : playing the percentages in baseball |others=Lichtman, Mitchel G., Dolphin, Andrew E. |date=28 April 2014 |isbn=978-1-4942-6017-0 |location=[Place of publication not identified] |oclc=919473395}}</ref>
 
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