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Coordinates: 46°37′19″N 18°51′21″E / 46.622047°N 18.855918°E / 46.622047; 18.855918
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{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement-->
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement-->
|settlement_type = [[List of cities and towns of Hungary|Town]]
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[Hungary]]
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Hungary}}
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = +1
|utc_offset = +1
Line 7: Line 8:
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|image_shield = Paks címere.svg
|image_shield = Paks címere.svg
|shield_size = 80px
|shield_size =
|image_flag = Flag of Paks.svg
|image_skyline = PaksSacredHeartChurch.jpg
|image_skyline = PaksSacredHeartChurch.jpg
|image_caption = The Heart of Jesus Church
|image_caption = Sacred Heart Church
|pushpin_map = Hungary
|pushpin_map = Hungary
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
Line 15: Line 17:
|official_name = Paks
|official_name = Paks
|subdivision_type1 = [[Counties of Hungary|County]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Counties of Hungary|County]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Tolna (county)|Tolna]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Tolna County|Tolna]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Hungary|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Paks District|Paks]]
|area_total_km2 = 154.08
|area_total_km2 = 154.08
|population_total = 19833
|population_total = 19833
Line 21: Line 25:
|population_as_of = 2009
|population_as_of = 2009
|population_density_km2 = 137
|population_density_km2 = 137
|postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]
|postal_code_type = [[Postal codes in Hungary|Postal code]]
|postal_code = 7030
|postal_code = 7030
|area_code = 75
|area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in Hungary|Area code]]
|area_code = (+36) 75
|website = {{URL|http://paks.hu/}}
|coordinates = {{coord|46.622047|18.855918|region:HU|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{coord|46.622047|18.855918|region:HU|display=inline,title}}
|leader_title = Mayor
|major = János Hajdú (Fidesz)
|leader_name = Péter Szabó
|leader_party = [[Fidesz]]
}}
}}
[[File:Paks Erzsébet Szálloda.jpg|thumb|Grand Hotel Erzsébet in Paks, built in 1844]]
[[File:Épülő tulipános.JPG|thumb|left|Újváros ("New City") for nuclear power plant workers under construction, 1970s]]
[[File:Paksi atomerőmű.JPG|thumb|[[Paks Nuclear Power Plant]]]]
[[File:Bronze Age jewelleryDSCF6607.jpg|thumb|The gold [[jewellery]] from the hoard found near Paks (1600-1200 BC)]]


'''Paks''' is a town in [[Tolna (county)|Tolna]] county, central [[Hungary]], on the banks of the [[Danube]] River. Paks is the home of the only Hungarian [[Paks Nuclear Power Plant|nuclear power plant]], which provides about 40% the country's electricity.
'''Paks''' is a small town in [[Tolna (county)|Tolna county]], in the south of [[Hungary]], on the right bank of the [[Danube]] River, 100&nbsp;km south of [[Budapest]]. Paks as a former agricultural settlement is now the home of the only Hungarian [[Paks Nuclear Power Plant|nuclear power plant]], which provides about 40% of the country's electricity consumption.


== History ==
In the last century several mansions were built in the centre of the old town, such as those in Szent István tér, the main square of the town. The [[Roman Catholic]] three-isled, [[basilica]] style Heart of Jesus church was consecrated in 1901. There is a tablet in the wall of the baroque Szeniczey mansion to commemorate [[Ferenc Deák]], 'the Sage of the Country'. The Town Museum is housed in the former Cseh-Vigyázó mansion. The [[Calvinist]] and the [[Lutheran]] churches were built in 1775 and 1884 respectively.
The settlement was already inhabited in ancient times. It has played a role in the [[Ottoman Empire]] times and during [[Rákóczi's War of Independence]].


The [[Calvinist]] and the [[Lutheran]] churches were built in 1775 and 1884 respectively.
[[File:Paksi atomerőmű.JPG|thumb|left|[[Paks Nuclear Power Plant]]]]
[[File:Bronze Age jewelleryDSCF6607.jpg|thumb|left|The gold [[jewellery]] from the hoard found near Paks (1600-1200 BC)]]


In the 19th century, several mansions were built in the center of the old town, such as those in Szent István Tér, the main square of the town. The [[Catholic]] three-isled, [[basilica]] style Sacred Heart church was consecrated in 1901. There is a tablet in the wall of the baroque Szeniczey mansion to commemorate [[Ferenc Deák (politician)|Ferenc Deák]], 'the Sage of the Country'. The Town Museum is housed in the former Cseh-Vigyázó mansion.
The Catholic Holy Spirit church, built according to the design of [[Imre Makovecz]], is an outstanding work of 20th-century architecture. There is a hundred-year-old [[chestnut]] alley lining the walkway on the [[Danube River]] bank. The town hosts the Spring Festival at Whitsuntide and the International Festival of Blues, Jazz, Rock and Gastronomy.


A [[Bronze Age]] gold hoard of jewelry was found between Paks and [[Dunaföldvár]] on the right bank of the [[Danube]] in the 19th century. The treasure is now in the collections of the [[British Museum]].<ref>[https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=paks British Museum Collection]</ref>
[[Paksi FC]] is a Hungarian football club based in Paks.


The Catholic Holy Spirit church, built according to the design of [[Imre Makovecz]] is considered to be an outstanding work of 20th-century architecture. There is a hundred-year-old [[chestnut]] alley lining the walkway on the [[Danube River]] bank. The town hosts the Spring Festival at Whitsuntide and the International Festival of Blues, Jazz, Rock and Gastronomy.
Atomerőmű SE is a Hungarian basketball club based in Paks.


In the final stages of the [[Second World War]], Soviet troops occupied the town at great cost in the [[Budapest Offensive]]. This was followed by four decades of communist rule. Meanwhile, it was famous for its cannery, wine and fish soup.
==Bronze age hoard==


The [[Paks Nuclear Power Plant]] was built in the town in the 1980s, the final decade of Soviet rule within the country.
A [[bronze age]] gold hoard of jewellery was found between Paks and [[Dunaföldvár]] on the banks of the [[Danube]] in the nineteenth century. The treasure is now in the collections of the [[British Museum]].<ref>[https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?searchText=paks British Museum Collection]</ref></blockquote>


==See also==
== Climate ==
Paks's climate is classified as [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfb'') closely bordering on a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''). The annual average temperature is {{Convert|11.1|C}}, the hottest month in July is {{Convert|21.9|C}}, and the coldest month is {{Convert|0.1|C}} in January. The annual precipitation is {{Convert|603.5|mm}}, of which July is the wettest with {{Convert|68.5|mm}}, while January is the driest with only {{Convert|33.4|mm}}. The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from {{Convert|-23.3|C}} on December 25, 2001 to {{Convert|40.6|C}} on July 20, 2007.
*[[Forró, Northern Hungary|Forró]] for another bronze age hoard from Hungary
{{Weather box
*[[Zsujta]] for a bronze age [[hoard]] from northern Hungary
|location = Paks, 1991−2020 normals
|width = auto
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|collapsed = yes
|Jan record high C = 17.4
|Feb record high C = 20.9
|Mar record high C = 24.7
|Apr record high C = 31.7
|May record high C = 33.8
|Jun record high C = 36.8
|Jul record high C = 40.6
|Aug record high C = 39.1
|Sep record high C = 36.1
|Oct record high C = 28.8
|Nov record high C = 23.6
|Dec record high C = 18.6
|year record high C = 40.6
|Jan high C = 3.9
|Feb high C = 6.7
|Mar high C = 12.2
|Apr high C = 18.6
|May high C = 23.3
|Jun high C = 27.0
|Jul high C = 29.1
|Aug high C = 29.1
|Sep high C = 23.3
|Oct high C = 17.6
|Nov high C = 10.4
|Dec high C = 4.2
|year high C = 17.1
|Jan mean C = 0.1
|Feb mean C = 1.7
|Mar mean C = 6.2
|Apr mean C = 11.8
|May mean C = 16.4
|Jun mean C = 20.1
|Jul mean C = 21.9
|Aug mean C = 21.5
|Sep mean C = 16.2
|Oct mean C = 10.9
|Nov mean C = 5.8
|Dec mean C = 0.9
|year mean C = 11.1
|Jan low C = -3.3
|Feb low C = -2.6
|Mar low C = 0.6
|Apr low C = 4.9
|May low C = 9.7
|Jun low C = 13.3
|Jul low C = 14.8
|Aug low C = 14.4
|Sep low C = 10.2
|Oct low C = 5.6
|Nov low C = 1.8
|Dec low C = -2.1
|year low C = 5.6
|Jan record low C = -22.7
|Feb record low C = -21.5
|Mar record low C = -21.4
|Apr record low C = -8.8
|May record low C = -2.9
|Jun record low C = 1.6
|Jul record low C = 5.1
|Aug record low C = 5.2
|Sep record low C = -0.5
|Oct record low C = -11.0
|Nov record low C = -16.0
|Dec record low C = -23.3
|year record low C = -23.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 33.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 38.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 32.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 36.7
|May precipitation mm = 59.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 64.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 68.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 58.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 61.6
|Oct precipitation mm = 52.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 50.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 47.2
|year precipitation mm = 603.5
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 6.1
|Feb precipitation days = 6.9
|Mar precipitation days = 5.8
|Apr precipitation days = 6.5
|May precipitation days = 8.7
|Jun precipitation days = 7.7
|Jul precipitation days = 6.9
|Aug precipitation days = 6.3
|Sep precipitation days = 6.7
|Oct precipitation days = 6.6
|Nov precipitation days = 7.6
|Dec precipitation days = 7.7
|year precipitation days = 83.5
|Jan humidity = 82.7
|Feb humidity = 76.7
|Mar humidity = 67.7
|Apr humidity = 62.5
|May humidity = 66.2
|Jun humidity = 67.3
|Jul humidity = 65.5
|Aug humidity = 66.7
|Sep humidity = 72.8
|Oct humidity = 78.2
|Nov humidity = 83.7
|Dec humidity = 85.2
|year humidity = 72.9
|source 1 = NOAA<ref name=NOAA9120r>{{cite web
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Hungary/CSV/Paks_12950.csv
|title = Paks Climate Normals 1991-2020
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|access-date = September 17, 2023
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230917013559/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Hungary/CSV/Paks_12950.csv
|archive-date = 2023-09-17}}</ref>
}}


==References==
== Sport ==
[[Paksi FC]] is a Hungarian football club based in Paks.
{{Reflist}}


Atomerőmű SE is a Hungarian basketball club based in Paks.
==International relations==
{{Main|List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary}}


===Twin towns — Sister cities===
==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary}}
Paks is [[Town twinning|twinned]] with:
Paks is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Testvérvárosok, partnervárosok|url=https://paks.hu/mi-paksiak/testvervarosok/|website=paks.hu|publisher=Paks|language=hu|access-date=2020-11-09}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|SVK}} [[Galanta]], Slovakia
*{{flagicon|BIH}} [[Gornji Vakuf-Uskoplje]], Bosnia and Herzegovina
<!--Kozloduy - not twinning-->
*{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Loviisa]], Finland
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Novovoronezh]], Russia
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Reichertshofen]], Germany
*{{flagicon|ROU}} [[Târgu Secuiesc]] Romania
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Vyshkovo]], Ukraine
{{div col end}}


== See also ==
{|
*[[Forró, Northern Hungary|Forró]] for another Bronze Age hoard from Hungary
| valign="top" |
*[[Zsujta]] for a Bronze Age [[hoard]] from northern Hungary
* {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Reichertshofen]], [[Germany]]
* {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Gubin, Poland|Gubin]], [[Poland]]
* {{flagicon|Slovakia}} [[Galanta]], [[Slovakia]]
* {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Târgu Secuiesc]] ([[Kézdivásárhely]]), [[Romania]]
* {{flagicon|Finland}} [[Loviisa]], [[Finland]]
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Novovoronezh]], [[Russia]]<ref>[http://riavrn.ru/news/novovoronezh-i-vengerskiy-paksh-stali-gorodami-pobratimami/ Нововоронеж и венгерский Пакш стали городами-побратимами]</ref>
|}


== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Paks}}
* {{Official website|http://paks.hu/}} in Hungarian, English and Russian
* [https://www.jewishgen.org/Communities/community.php?usbgn=-863807 The jewish community in Paks] On [[JewishGen]] website.

{{Paks District}}
{{Tolna}}
{{Tolna}}
{{Hungary's most flowery settlements}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Populated places in Tolna County]]
[[Category:Populated places in Tolna County]]
[[Category:Socialist planned cities]]
[[Category:Socialist planned cities]]
[[Category:Planned cities in Hungary]]
[[Category:Planned communities in Hungary]]
[[Category:Jewish communities in Hungary]]
[[Category:Jewish communities in Hungary]]


Latest revision as of 01:04, 6 July 2024

Paks
Town
Sacred Heart Church
Sacred Heart Church
Flag of Paks
Flag
Coat of arms of Paks
Coat of arms
Paks is located in Hungary
Paks
Paks
Location of Paks
Coordinates: 46°37′19″N 18°51′21″E / 46.622047°N 18.855918°E / 46.622047; 18.855918
Country Hungary
CountyTolna
DistrictPaks
Government
 • MayorPéter Szabó (Fidesz)
Area
 • Total
154.08 km2 (59.49 sq mi)
Population
 (2009)
 • Total
19,833
 • Density137/km2 (350/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
7030
Area code(+36) 75
Websitepaks.hu
Grand Hotel Erzsébet in Paks, built in 1844
Paks Nuclear Power Plant
The gold jewellery from the hoard found near Paks (1600-1200 BC)

Paks is a small town in Tolna county, in the south of Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube River, 100 km south of Budapest. Paks as a former agricultural settlement is now the home of the only Hungarian nuclear power plant, which provides about 40% of the country's electricity consumption.

History

[edit]

The settlement was already inhabited in ancient times. It has played a role in the Ottoman Empire times and during Rákóczi's War of Independence.

The Calvinist and the Lutheran churches were built in 1775 and 1884 respectively.

In the 19th century, several mansions were built in the center of the old town, such as those in Szent István Tér, the main square of the town. The Catholic three-isled, basilica style Sacred Heart church was consecrated in 1901. There is a tablet in the wall of the baroque Szeniczey mansion to commemorate Ferenc Deák, 'the Sage of the Country'. The Town Museum is housed in the former Cseh-Vigyázó mansion.

A Bronze Age gold hoard of jewelry was found between Paks and Dunaföldvár on the right bank of the Danube in the 19th century. The treasure is now in the collections of the British Museum.[1]

The Catholic Holy Spirit church, built according to the design of Imre Makovecz is considered to be an outstanding work of 20th-century architecture. There is a hundred-year-old chestnut alley lining the walkway on the Danube River bank. The town hosts the Spring Festival at Whitsuntide and the International Festival of Blues, Jazz, Rock and Gastronomy.

In the final stages of the Second World War, Soviet troops occupied the town at great cost in the Budapest Offensive. This was followed by four decades of communist rule. Meanwhile, it was famous for its cannery, wine and fish soup.

The Paks Nuclear Power Plant was built in the town in the 1980s, the final decade of Soviet rule within the country.

Climate

[edit]

Paks's climate is classified as oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) closely bordering on a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa). The annual average temperature is 11.1 °C (52.0 °F), the hottest month in July is 21.9 °C (71.4 °F), and the coldest month is 0.1 °C (32.2 °F) in January. The annual precipitation is 603.5 millimetres (23.76 in), of which July is the wettest with 68.5 millimetres (2.70 in), while January is the driest with only 33.4 millimetres (1.31 in). The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from −23.3 °C (−9.9 °F) on December 25, 2001 to 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) on July 20, 2007.

Climate data for Paks, 1991−2020 normals
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.4
(63.3) 		20.9
(69.6) 		24.7
(76.5) 		31.7
(89.1) 		33.8
(92.8) 		36.8
(98.2) 		40.6
(105.1) 		39.1
(102.4) 		36.1
(97.0) 		28.8
(83.8) 		23.6
(74.5) 		18.6
(65.5) 		40.6
(105.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 3.9
(39.0) 		6.7
(44.1) 		12.2
(54.0) 		18.6
(65.5) 		23.3
(73.9) 		27.0
(80.6) 		29.1
(84.4) 		29.1
(84.4) 		23.3
(73.9) 		17.6
(63.7) 		10.4
(50.7) 		4.2
(39.6) 		17.1
(62.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.1
(32.2) 		1.7
(35.1) 		6.2
(43.2) 		11.8
(53.2) 		16.4
(61.5) 		20.1
(68.2) 		21.9
(71.4) 		21.5
(70.7) 		16.2
(61.2) 		10.9
(51.6) 		5.8
(42.4) 		0.9
(33.6) 		11.1
(52.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −3.3
(26.1) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		0.6
(33.1) 		4.9
(40.8) 		9.7
(49.5) 		13.3
(55.9) 		14.8
(58.6) 		14.4
(57.9) 		10.2
(50.4) 		5.6
(42.1) 		1.8
(35.2) 		−2.1
(28.2) 		5.6
(42.1)
Record low °C (°F) −22.7
(−8.9) 		−21.5
(−6.7) 		−21.4
(−6.5) 		−8.8
(16.2) 		−2.9
(26.8) 		1.6
(34.9) 		5.1
(41.2) 		5.2
(41.4) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		−11.0
(12.2) 		−16.0
(3.2) 		−23.3
(−9.9) 		−23.3
(−9.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 33.4
(1.31) 		38.3
(1.51) 		32.2
(1.27) 		36.7
(1.44) 		59.4
(2.34) 		64.9
(2.56) 		68.5
(2.70) 		58.3
(2.30) 		61.6
(2.43) 		52.2
(2.06) 		50.8
(2.00) 		47.2
(1.86) 		603.5
(23.76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 6.1 6.9 5.8 6.5 8.7 7.7 6.9 6.3 6.7 6.6 7.6 7.7 83.5
Average relative humidity (%) 82.7 76.7 67.7 62.5 66.2 67.3 65.5 66.7 72.8 78.2 83.7 85.2 72.9
Source: NOAA[2]

Sport

[edit]

Paksi FC is a Hungarian football club based in Paks.

Atomerőmű SE is a Hungarian basketball club based in Paks.

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary

Paks is twinned with:[3]

See also

[edit]
  • Forró for another Bronze Age hoard from Hungary
  • Zsujta for a Bronze Age hoard from northern Hungary

References

[edit]
  1. ^ British Museum Collection
  2. ^ "Paks Climate Normals 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2023-09-17. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
  3. ^ "Testvérvárosok, partnervárosok". paks.hu (in Hungarian). Paks. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paks.


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