Order of May: Difference between revisions
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The '''Order of May''' ({{ |
The '''Order of May''' ({{langx|es|Orden de Mayo}}) is an [[order of merit]] and one of the highest decorations in [[Argentina]]. The order is named after the [[May Revolution]] which led to the [[Rise of the Republic of Argentina|birth of the Republic of Argentina]]. It was founded as the Order of Merit by Decree No. 8506/46 of 1946, and revised to its current form on 17 December 1957.<ref name="MoW">{{cite web|url=http://medals.org.uk/argentina/argentina002.htm |title=ODM of Argentina: Order of May |publisher=Medals.org.uk |date=2010-09-26 |access-date=2011-12-05}}</ref><ref name="dec1">{{cite web|url=http://www.cancilleria.gov.ar/portal/cancilleria/condecoraciones/om_creacion.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313014723/http://www.cancilleria.gov.ar/portal/cancilleria/condecoraciones/om_creacion.html|archive-date=13 March 2012 |title=DECRETO N° 16.629 | location=Buenos Aires |date=17 December 1957|lang=es}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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=== Grand Officer ({{lang|es|Gran Oficial}}) === |
=== Grand Officer ({{lang|es|Gran Oficial}}) === |
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Those distinguished with the position of Grand Official will wear the plaque on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Members of Legislative Assemblies, Extraordinary Envoys and Plenipotentiary Ministers, Counseling Ministers, Division and Brigadier Generals, Vice Admirals and Rear Admirals, Major Generals and Brigadier Generals, and other officials of equivalent status. |
Those distinguished with the position of Grand Official will wear the plaque on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Members of Legislative Assemblies, Extraordinary Envoys and Plenipotentiary Ministers, Counseling Ministers, Division and Brigadier Generals, Vice Admirals and Rear Admirals, Major Generals and Brigadier Generals, and other officials of equivalent status. |
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===Commander ({{lang|es|Comendador}})=== |
===Commander ({{lang|es|Comendador}})=== |
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Commanders wear the medal hanging from a ribbon attached to the neck. It is awarded to Charges d'Affaires, General Counselors and Consuls, Colonels and Lieutenant Colonels, Ship and Frigate Captains, Commodores and Vice Commodores and other officials of equivalent status. |
Commanders wear the medal hanging from a ribbon attached to the neck. It is awarded to Charges d'Affaires, General Counselors and Consuls, Colonels and Lieutenant Colonels, Ship and Frigate Captains, Commodores and Vice Commodores and other officials of equivalent status. |
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===Officer ({{lang|es|Oficial}})=== |
===Officer ({{lang|es|Oficial}})=== |
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Officials of the Order wear the medal hanging from a ribbon on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Secretaries and Consuls, Army Majors and Captains, Lieutenant Commanders and Navy Lieutenants, Aeronautical Commanders and Captains and other officials of equivalent status. |
Officials of the Order wear the medal hanging from a ribbon on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Secretaries and Consuls, Army Majors and Captains, Lieutenant Commanders and Navy Lieutenants, Aeronautical Commanders and Captains and other officials of equivalent status. |
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=== Knight ({{lang|es|Caballero}}) === |
=== Knight ({{lang|es|Caballero}}) === |
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Knights wear the medal hanging from a ribbon on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Attachés and Vice Consuls, Officers of the Armed Forces of grades lower than those previously mentioned, and other officials of equivalent status. |
Knights wear the medal hanging from a ribbon on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Attachés and Vice Consuls, Officers of the Armed Forces of grades lower than those previously mentioned, and other officials of equivalent status. |
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== Certification == |
== Certification == |
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!colspan=7|Ribbon bars of the Order of May |
!colspan=7|Ribbon bars of the Order of May |
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! !!Knight<br />{{lang|es|Caballero}} !! Officer<br />{{lang|es|Oficial}} !! Commander<br />{{lang|es|Comendador}} !! Grand Officer<br />{{lang|es|Gran Oficial}} !! Grand Cross<br />{{lang|es|Gran Cruz}} !! Collar{{efn|The grade Collar ({{ |
! !!Knight<br />{{lang|es|Caballero}} !! Officer<br />{{lang|es|Oficial}} !! Commander<br />{{lang|es|Comendador}} !! Grand Officer<br />{{lang|es|Gran Oficial}} !! Grand Cross<br />{{lang|es|Gran Cruz}} !! Collar{{efn|The grade Collar ({{langx|es|Collar}}) was abolished in 1958.}}<br />{{lang|es|Collar}} |
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center" |
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center" |
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! Military Merit |
! Military Merit |
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* [[Vilma Socorro Martínez]] |
* [[Vilma Socorro Martínez]] |
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* [[Cruz Melchor Eya Nchama]] |
* [[Cruz Melchor Eya Nchama]] |
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* [[Emilie Schindler]] |
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* [[Enrique Olivares Santana]] |
* [[Enrique Olivares Santana]] |
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* [[Peter Tomlinson (admiral)|Peter Tomlinson]]<ref name="bishops.org.za">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.bishops.org.za/magazine/Dec2012/OD.pdf|title=OLD DIOCESANS UNION|magazine=OD Union|volume=141|date=December 2012|access-date=9 April 2023|first1=Mac |last1=Bisset}}</ref>{{rp|144-145}} |
* [[Peter Tomlinson (admiral)|Peter Tomlinson]]<ref name="bishops.org.za">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.bishops.org.za/magazine/Dec2012/OD.pdf|title=OLD DIOCESANS UNION|magazine=OD Union|volume=141|date=December 2012|access-date=9 April 2023|first1=Mac |last1=Bisset}}</ref>{{rp|144-145}} |
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* [[Bohuslav Chnoupek]] |
* [[Bohuslav Chnoupek]] |
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* [[Jacques Diouf]] |
* [[Jacques Diouf]] |
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* [[List of titles and honours of Felipe VI of Spain| |
* [[List of titles and honours of Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe VI of Spain]] |
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* [[Tim Fischer]] |
* [[Tim Fischer]] |
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* [[Licelott Marte de Barrios]] |
* [[Licelott Marte de Barrios]] |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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Latest revision as of 20:43, 27 October 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2022) |
| Order of May | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | Order |
| Presented by | Argentina |
| Eligibility | Foreigners[1] |
| Status | Currently awarded |
| Established | 17 December 1957[1] |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) | Order of the Liberator General San Martín |
| Next (lower) | Cross of Heroic Valour in Combat |
The Order of May (Spanish: Orden de Mayo) is an order of merit and one of the highest decorations in Argentina. The order is named after the May Revolution which led to the birth of the Republic of Argentina. It was founded as the Order of Merit by Decree No. 8506/46 of 1946, and revised to its current form on 17 December 1957.[1][2]
History
[edit]The Order of May was created as an Order of Merit by Decree No. 8506/46, 1946. In 1957, the rules of the order were modified and the Order of Merit was renamed the Order of May by Decree No. 16,629. The order was further divided into the categories of Merit, Military Merit, Naval Merit, and Aeronautical Merit.[2]
In 1958, the regulation was further amended and the Collar of (Civil) Merit category (the highest in the order at that time) was abolished, and it is currently only awarded as part of the Military Merit grade.[3]
Order Chapter
[edit]The Order is in controlled by a Council made up of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Worship and Defense, which is chaired by the Grand Master of the Order, the President of the Nation, the first of the aforementioned ministers being the Grand Chancellor of the Order. The Grand Master is the one who confers the decoration. The headquarters of the Order is the building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Worship. There is a Secretary General and a Secretary of Records, positions that will be carried out by the Introducer of Ambassadors and by the Government Notary, respectively.
Grades
[edit]
Since the Decree of 1958, it can be awarded to both Argentines and foreigners. It has various ranks (from highest to lowest order):[4][5]
The Ranks are:
Grand Cross (Gran Cruz)
[edit]Those awarded the Grand Cross will wear the sash from right to left, from which the Order's insignia hangs, as well as a plaque to be worn on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Vice Presidents, Presidents of Branches, Ministers of the Executive Branch, Ministers of the Supreme Court, Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassadors, Commanders in Chief, Lieutenant Generals, Admirals, Brigadier Generals, President of National Assemblies and other officials of equivalent status.
Order of May (Military Merit) (Grand Cross) [a] (Argentina)
Order of May (Naval Merit) (Grand Cross) [b] (Argentina)
Order of May (Aeronautical Merit) (Grand Cross) [c] (Argentina)
Order of May (Merit - Civil order) (Grand Cross) [d] (Argentina)
Grand Officer (Gran Oficial)
[edit]Those distinguished with the position of Grand Official will wear the plaque on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Members of Legislative Assemblies, Extraordinary Envoys and Plenipotentiary Ministers, Counseling Ministers, Division and Brigadier Generals, Vice Admirals and Rear Admirals, Major Generals and Brigadier Generals, and other officials of equivalent status.
Order of May (Military Merit) (Grand Officer) [e] (Argentina)- Order of May (Naval Merit) (Grand Officer) [f] (Argentina)
Order of May (Aeronautical Merit) (Grand Officer) [g] (Argentina)- Order of May (Merit - Civil order) (Grand Officer) [h] (Argentina)
Commander (Comendador)
[edit]Commanders wear the medal hanging from a ribbon attached to the neck. It is awarded to Charges d'Affaires, General Counselors and Consuls, Colonels and Lieutenant Colonels, Ship and Frigate Captains, Commodores and Vice Commodores and other officials of equivalent status.
Order of May (Military Merit) (Commander) [i] (Argentina)- Order of May (Naval Merit) (Commander) [j] (Argentina)
Order of May (Aeronautical Merit) (Commander) [k] (Argentina)- Order of May (Merit - Civil order) (Commander) [l] (Argentina)
Officer (Oficial)
[edit]Officials of the Order wear the medal hanging from a ribbon on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Secretaries and Consuls, Army Majors and Captains, Lieutenant Commanders and Navy Lieutenants, Aeronautical Commanders and Captains and other officials of equivalent status.
Order of May (Military Merit) (Officer) [m] (Argentina)- Order of May (Naval Merit) (Officer) [n] (Argentina)
Order of May (Aeronautical Merit) (Officer) [o] (Argentina)- Order of May (Merit - Civil order) (Officer) [p] (Argentina)
Knight (Caballero)
[edit]Knights wear the medal hanging from a ribbon on the left side of the chest. It is awarded to Attachés and Vice Consuls, Officers of the Armed Forces of grades lower than those previously mentioned, and other officials of equivalent status.
Order of May (Military Merit) (Knight) [q] (Argentina)- Order of May (Naval Merit) (Knight) [r] (Argentina)
Order of May (Aeronautical Merit) (Knight) [s] (Argentina)- Order of May (Merit - Civil order) (Knight) [t] (Argentina)
Certification
[edit]The various grades of the Order, from Grand Cross to Knight, will be certified by a Diploma that will be signed by the Grand Master of the Order and endorsed by the Minister who proposed the award. The Secretary General will be in charge of preparing the corresponding diplomas. The Diploma will be delivered to the beneficiary with the corresponding insignia and a copy containing the Law and Regulations.
The decoration can be received more than once; for example, Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet[6] was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of May twice, it was awarded once to Juan Perón and once to Carlos Menem, in the categories of Military Merit and Merit respectively.
Regalia
[edit]| Ribbon bars of the Order of May | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knight Caballero |
Officer Oficial |
Commander Comendador |
Grand Officer Gran Oficial |
Grand Cross Gran Cruz |
Collar[u] Collar | |
| Military Merit |  |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
| Naval Merit | _-_ribbon_bar.png) |
 |
|
|
|
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| Aeronautical Merit | _-_ribbon_bar.gif) |
_-_ribbon_bar.gif) |
_-_ribbon_bar.gif) |
_-_ribbon_bar.gif) |
_-_ribbon_bar.gif) |
|
| Merit (Civil order) | |
|
|
|
|
|
Notable Recipients
[edit]- Hugo Biermann
- George Bolton (banker)
- Gustaf Bonde (1911–1977)
- Cristóbal Colón de Carvajal, 17th Duke of Veragua
- Vern Clark
- Carl-George Crafoord
- Robert E. Cushman Jr.
- Jorge Fernández Maldonado Solari
- Walter Hallstein
- James L. Holloway III
- Rafael Hoyos Rubio
- Rick Jolly
- Vilma Socorro Martínez
- Cruz Melchor Eya Nchama
- Emilie Schindler
- Enrique Olivares Santana
- Peter Tomlinson[7]: 144–145
- Elmo Zumwalt
Grand Crosses
[edit]- Cristian Barros
- Bohuslav Chnoupek
- Jacques Diouf
- Felipe VI of Spain
- Tim Fischer
- Licelott Marte de Barrios
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Militar) - Gran Cruz
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Naval) - Gran Cruz
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Aeronáutico) - Gran Cruz
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito) - Gran Cruz
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Militar) - Gran Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Naval) - Gran Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Aeronáutico) - Gran Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito) - Gran Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Militar) - Comendador
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Naval) - Comendador
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Aeronáutico) - Comendador
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito) - Comendador
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Militar) - Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Naval) - Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Aeronáutico) - Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito) - Oficial
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Militar) - Caballero
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Naval) - Caballero
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito Aeronáutico) - Caballero
- ^ Spanish: Orden de Mayo (Al Mérito) - Caballero
- ^ The grade Collar (Spanish: Collar) was abolished in 1958.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "ODM of Argentina: Order of May". Medals.org.uk. 2010-09-26. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
- ^ a b "DECRETO N° 16.629" (in Spanish). Buenos Aires. 17 December 1957. Archived from the original on 13 March 2012.
- ^ "DECRETO N° 4.487" (in Spanish). Buenos Aires. 10 April 1958.
- ^ "Modificación de la reglamentación" [Modification of the regulations] (in Spanish).
- ^ "Reglamentacion de la "Orden de Mayo"" [Regulation of the "Order of May"] (in Spanish).
- ^ Rodríguez, Jesús. "Pinochet y el lado oscuro de la Argentina" [Pinochet and the dark side of Argentina] (in Spanish).
- ^ Bisset, Mac (December 2012). "OLD DIOCESANS UNION" (PDF). OD Union. Vol. 141. Retrieved 9 April 2023.