4c-integration.html

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      <h1 class="title-cYqTw7 title titlepage">Process code for software procurement</h1>
      <div class="main-frame-cYqTw7">
        <div class="content-zmc1Ta">
          <div class="intro-5xTstk">
            <div class="titlepage-h2kKy6"><div class="page-title-T7xSDn titlepage">4c. Integration</div></div>
            <div class="content-h2kKy6">
              <p class="this-section-will-help-you-pfMxEq mulish-bold-black-16px">This section will help you:</p>
              <div class="cluster-pfMxEq cluster">
                <article class="goal">
                  <img class="icongoal-AcPooj icongoal" src="img/icon-goal@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
                  <p class="this-is-a-goal-for-a-particular-activity detail">
                    Embed software in your organization’s social and bureaucratic infrastructure
                  </p>
                </article>
                <article class="goal">
                  <img class="icongoal-P3Dj9l icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-1@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
                  <p class="this-is-a-goal-for-a-particular-activity detail">
                    Create clear plans for staff training and software maintenance
                  </p>
                </article>
                <article class="goal">
                  <img class="icongoal-fJrL9F icongoal" src="img/icon-goal-2@2x.png" alt="icon.goal" />
                  <p class="this-is-a-goal-for-a-particular-activity detail">Join a community of practice</p>
                </article>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="challenges-5xTstk">
            <div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Common challenges</div></div>
            <p class="you-may-encounter-th-HxKdH1 body">
              <span class="span0-WWT1EW body"
                >You may encounter these frictions as you do the work of integration. These are challenges the </span
              ><span class="span1-WWT1EW bodylink">Recommended actions</span
              ><span class="span2-WWT1EW body">
                are designed to solve, or that may arise as you take those actions.
              </span>
            </p>
            <div class="challenge">
              <img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
              <div class="content-a8CLZE">
                <p class="title-C8egsH title mulish-bold-black-16px">Relying on a single “champion”</p>
                <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                  It is often passionate champions who take on the responsibility of forward-thinking software work.
                  Ongoing software maintenance and staff training can disappear if this protagonist burns out,
                  encounters too many barriers, or leaves the organization.
                </p>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="challenge">
              <img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
              <div class="content-VtAZJx">
                <p class="title-DUpinf title mulish-bold-black-16px">
                  Lack of resources for lifetime ownership and maintenance
                </p>
                <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                  A contract is not the end of a procurement process, nor is final product delivery. It is important to
                  have a detailed plan for ongoing use and maintenance.
                </p>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="challenge">
              <img class="iconchallenge" src="img/icon-challenge@2x.png" alt="icon.challenge" />
              <div class="content-Q4Bx0H">
                <div class="title-pzX02F title mulish-bold-black-16px">Governance between different organizations</div>
                <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                  When it comes to governing open source projects, political—not technical—skills are required.
                  Discussing new features, allocating responsibilities, and pooling funds are all governance challenges
                  that come with shared software.
                </p>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="actions-5xTstk">
            <div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Recommended actions</div></div>
            <div class="frame-143-C52QjS">
              <div class="x1-documentation-JY8bd6 titlesubsection">1. Documentation</div>
              <p class="it-is-crucial-to-doc-JY8bd6 body">
                It is crucial to document the software thoroughly. This includes technical documentation as well as
                operational documentation.
              </p>
              <div class="action">
                <div class="iconknowledge">
                  <div class="bulb">
                    <img class="union-qrnFHr union" src="img/union@2x.png" alt="Union" />
                    <img class="group-194" src="img/group-194@2x.png" alt="Group 194" />
                    <img class="line-48" src="img/line-48@2x.png" alt="Line 48" />
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div class="content-LAoEfR">
                  <div class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Technical documentation
                  </div>
                  <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                    This includes overall architecture, modular integration protocols, APIs, specific module function,
                    ongoing maintenance considerations.
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div class="action">
                <div class="iconknowledge">
                  <div class="bulb">
                    <img class="union-UV0Ph8 union" src="img/union@2x.png" alt="Union" />
                    <img class="group-194" src="img/group-194@2x.png" alt="Group 194" />
                    <img class="line-48" src="img/line-48@2x.png" alt="Line 48" />
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div class="content-6VSoP4">
                  <div class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Operational documentation
                  </div>
                  <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                    This includes what end users should be aware of, how to train new users, and best practices for
                    getting the most out of the software
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div class="action">
                <img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
                <div class="content-S1oLQJ">
                  <p class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Ensure the technical team and product owner collaborate on writing thorough documentation
                  </p>
                  <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                    Make sure that this is easily accessible, there is a clear process for updating it, and it is
                    embedded in the training and maintenance plan
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="frame-144-C52QjS">
              <p class="x2-creating-a-trainin-ixHibi titlesubsection">2. Creating a training and maintenance plan</p>
              <p class="there-should-be-a-ro-ixHibi body">
                There should be a robust plan for ongoing staff training and software maintenance. These can be time-
                and budget-intensive, so be sure to allocate resources appropriately. Both should be continuously
                updated as working drafts throughout the software development process, and completed when all features
                are built and perform at a satisfactory level.
              </p>
              <div class="action">
                <div class="iconknowledge">
                  <div class="bulb">
                    <img class="union-chhJv7 union" src="img/union@2x.png" alt="Union" />
                    <img class="group-194" src="img/group-194@2x.png" alt="Group 194" />
                    <img class="line-48" src="img/line-48@2x.png" alt="Line 48" />
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div class="content-aoZOqT">
                  <p class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Small incremental changes are best practice in open source development
                  </p>
                  <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                    It minimizes the risk of breaking dependencies. When everyone working on the code is in sync, any
                    changes affect each other with minimal disturbance.
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div class="action">
                <img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
                <div class="content-zsHmrG">
                  <div class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Create a maintenance plan
                  </div>
                  <div class="flex-container-i239730660214892-0xznAg">
                    <div class="text0-i239730660214892-2PpuHO detail">
                      <span class="span0-X1SSiL detail">This should include: <br /></span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="text1-i239730660214892-2PpuHO detail">
                      <span class="span1-E9K4gt detail"
                        >Regular (annual) performance audits—for the software itself, and the processes that it
                        supports.<br
                      /></span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="text2-i239730660214892-2PpuHO detail">
                      <span class="span2-7xec0h detail"
                        >Staff training plan to onboard new users in the future.<br
                      /></span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="text3-i239730660214892-2PpuHO detail">
                      <span class="span3-m391VO detail"
                        >Staff time for software maintenance and updating (particularly if the city’s digital
                        infrastructure changes in ways that affect the software performance).<br
                      /></span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="text4-i239730660214892-2PpuHO detail">
                      <span class="span4-o6ytyS detail"
                        >Strategies for sharing with other jurisdictions (if it is custom software or OSS).</span
                      >
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="frame-146-C52QjS">
              <p class="x3-releasing-code-und-x8R630 titlesubsection">3. Releasing code under an open source license</p>
              <p class="many-national-govern-x8R630 body">
                Many national governments recommend that agencies or subnational government organizations who have
                developed their own software should release the code under an open source license. That way, all
                agencies can benefit from the code, and the burden of ongoing maintenance and support is shared.
              </p>
              <div class="action">
                <div class="iconknowledge">
                  <div class="bulb">
                    <img class="union-LoxpBO union" src="img/union@2x.png" alt="Union" />
                    <img class="group-194" src="img/group-194@2x.png" alt="Group 194" />
                    <img class="line-48" src="img/line-48@2x.png" alt="Line 48" />
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div class="content-hq5Vsq">
                  <p class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Many governments have guidelines for choosing licenses specific to their legislative context
                  </p>
                  <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                    For example, if your open source project is an adaptation or derivative of an existing open source
                    project, the best practice is to use the same license as the original; if it is a new open source
                    project, the license you select will depend on the desired outcome and the licensing of any
                    third-party software used in your project.
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div class="action">
                <img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
                <div class="content-BEFAR5">
                  <p class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Choose an open source software license, and a version control platform
                  </p>
                  <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                    If it isn’t already on one, transition the code to a distributed platform like GitHub.
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="frame-145-C52QjS">
              <p class="x4-joining-a-community-of-practice-5gr25v titlesubsection">
                4. Joining a community of practice
              </p>
              <p class="if-you-used-open-sou-5gr25v body">
                If you used open source or built custom software, you will benefit from having a community of
                practice—others who use and maintain the software together. When considering collaboration, take the
                time to align with potential partners. Converse with your counterparts in other government or public
                sector agencies to gain a better understanding of what their needs are, where alignment can increase,
                and what shape your collaboration should take.
              </p>
              <div class="action">
                <img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
                <div class="content-CJM8bP">
                  <div class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Play The Governance Game
                  </div>
                  <div class="flex-container-i239734760214892-1QvA92">
                    <div class="text0-i239734760214892-5DvEVr detail">
                      <span class="span0-GQn203 detail"
                        >This great resource from the Foundation for Public Code is “an interactive game exploring
                        governance of a public codebase. It helps participants reflect on what governance means for a
                        codebase, the complexity around it, and surfaces issues worth considering during set up.”<br
                      /></span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="text1-i239734760214892-5DvEVr detail">
                      <a href="https://github.com/publiccodenet/governance-game" target="_blank"
                        ><span class="span1-bLyCIT titlesubsection-p">Link to The Governance Game</span></a
                      >
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <img class="image-6-5gr25v" src="img/image-6@2x.png" alt="image 6" />
              <div class="action">
                <img class="iconaction" src="img/icon-action@2x.png" alt="icon.action" />
                <div class="content-MSmZIf">
                  <p class="an-action-that-requires-high-engagement mulish-bold-black-16px">
                    Form a community of practice
                  </p>
                  <p class="lorem-ipsum detail">
                    You might join an existing community that supports your specific software, create an entirely new
                    community around your new software, or activate an existing network (like a Provincial CIO network)
                    and create an open source software committee within it.
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div class="guidelinessolo-5gr25v">
                <div class="title-Rrxux4 title">
                  <img class="iconguidelines-84ZPHp" src="img/icon-guidelines@2x.png" alt="icon.guidelines" />
                  <div class="guidelines-84ZPHp mulish-bold-black-16px">The value of collaboration</div>
                  <img class="arrowdown-84ZPHp" src="img/arrow-down@2x.png" alt="arrow.down" />
                </div>
                <div class="flex-container-i26174952117085-Rrxux4">
                  <div class="text0-i26174952117085-m6TTfB detail">
                    <span class="span0-0x11DA detail"
                      >Collaboration on open source software is a win-win. The software you build, or the adaptations
                      you make, will be useful to other jurisdictions as well. Open source software performs better and
                      becomes more secure as the community around it grows. Each user benefits from continuous
                      improvements to software (in the form of updates, new features or security improvements). It is
                      therefore in each user’s best interest to contribute, and to add more contributing users.<br
                    /></span>
                  </div>
                  <div class="text1-i26174952117085-m6TTfB detail">
                    <span class="span1-SjXMLO detail"
                      >For government organizations, another benefit of collaboration is that they do not need to
                      constantly reinvent the wheel. When source code is released under an open source license, any
                      jurisdiction can make small software adaptations to ensure that the software is best-fit to local
                      use cases, regulations and standards. When a core set of functionalities are shared, each
                      jurisdiction’s time, effort and resources can be focused on making small adaptations to fit the
                      software to their local context (rather than building a full set of core functionalities from
                      scratch). Knowledge and resource sharing help partners with less experience in open source
                      software to build capacity.</span
                    >
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="outcomes-5xTstk">
            <div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Takeaways</div></div>
            <div class="cluster-SJFgRi cluster">
              <p class="create-or-complete-the-following-outputs-WhtSYZ body">
                Create or complete the following outputs.
              </p>
              <div class="goals-WhtSYZ">
                <article class="outcome">
                  <div class="icongoal-U4YsWA icongoal">
                    <div class="v2">
                      <img class="gear-2" src="img/gear-2-2@2x.png" alt="gear 2" />
                      <img class="arrow-2" src="img/arrow-2@2x.png" alt="arrow 2" />
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="this-is-an-outcome-t mulish-semi-bold-royal-blue-16px">Software documentation</div>
                </article>
                <article class="outcome">
                  <div class="icongoal-14EgMS icongoal">
                    <div class="v2">
                      <img class="gear-2" src="img/gear-2-2@2x.png" alt="gear 2" />
                      <img class="arrow-2" src="img/arrow-2@2x.png" alt="arrow 2" />
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <p class="this-is-an-outcome-t mulish-semi-bold-royal-blue-16px">Lifetime use plan and resourcing</p>
                </article>
                <article class="outcome">
                  <div class="icongoal-JZjy8B icongoal">
                    <div class="v2">
                      <img class="gear-2" src="img/gear-2-2@2x.png" alt="gear 2" />
                      <img class="arrow-2" src="img/arrow-2@2x.png" alt="arrow 2" />
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <p class="this-is-an-outcome-t mulish-semi-bold-royal-blue-16px">
                    Release software under an open source license
                  </p>
                </article>
                <article class="outcome">
                  <div class="icongoal-qJfmp2 icongoal">
                    <div class="v2">
                      <img class="gear-2" src="img/gear-2-2@2x.png" alt="gear 2" />
                      <img class="arrow-2" src="img/arrow-2@2x.png" alt="arrow 2" />
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <p class="this-is-an-outcome-t mulish-semi-bold-royal-blue-16px">
                    Participation in a national or global community of practice
                  </p>
                </article>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="references-5xTstk">
            <div class="titlesubsection"><div class="subsection-title titlesection">Further reading</div></div>
            <div class="frame-141-GnKkjQ">
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">1.</div></div>
                <div class="content-KQo7bm">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">18F</div></div>
                  <a href="https://agile.18f.gov" target="_blank"
                    ><div class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">Agile development</div>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">2.</div></div>
                <div class="content-x7mK4v">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">Atlassian</div></div>
                  <a href="https://www.atlassian.com/agile/project-management/metrics" target="_blank"
                    ><p class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
                      Project management (with evaluation metrics)
                    </p>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">3.</div></div>
                <div class="content-dxiAFl">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">18F</div></div>
                  <a href="https://derisking-guide.18f.gov/state-field-guide/budgeting-tech/" target="_blank"
                    ><p class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
                      Budgeting and overseeing tech projects
                    </p>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">4.</div></div>
                <div class="content-WC05R1">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">SABR</div></div>
                  <a
                    href="https://sara-sabr.github.io/ITStrategy/2021/10/15/product-management-part-2.html"
                    target="_blank"
                    ><p class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
                      IT Product Management Integrated planning guide
                    </p>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">5.</div></div>
                <div class="content-e1Z8RM">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">Canadian Digital Service</div></div>
                  <a href="https://digital.canada.ca/tools-and-resources/evaluation-framework/" target="_blank"
                    ><div class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">Product Evaluation Guide</div>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">6.</div></div>
                <div class="content-MO5AOw">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">Open North</div></div>
                  <a href="https://opennorth.ca/publications/2hvkzrlujufylsvxgf7li5_en" target="_blank"
                    ><p class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">
                      Open and ethical procurement guide on engaging with the private sector
                    </p>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">7.</div></div>
                <div class="content-OpYOez">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">18F</div></div>
                  <a href="https://product-guide.18f.gov/partners/vendor/" target="_blank"
                    ><div class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">Work with the vendor</div>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
                <div class="number"><div class="x1 body">8.</div></div>
                <div class="content-QkssHS">
                  <div class="frame-163"><div class="source-name subtext">Agile Alliance</div></div>
                  <a href="https://www.agilealliance.org/agile101/" target="_blank"
                    ><div class="link-title-here mulish-bold-azure-radiance-16px">Agile Development 101</div>
                  </a>
                </div>
              </article>
              <article class="reference">
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