Fontem paginae Carolus Magnus inspicere

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{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}
[[Fasciculus:Karl der Grosse - Pippin von Italien.jpg|thumb|Carolus Magnus cum filio suo maiore natu [[Pippinus (rex Italiae)|Pippino]]]]
'''Carolus Magnus''', etiam '''Karolus Magnus''' appellatus ([[Francogallice]] ''Charlemagne''; [[Theodisce]] ''Karl der Große'') ([[742]]–[[814]]), fuit [[Reges Franciae|Rex Francorum]] ex anno [[768]] et [[Imperatores Romani Sacri|Imperator Romanorum]] ex anno [[800]] ad [[mors|mortem]]. Regnum [[Franci|Francorum]] in [[Imperium Carolingianum|imperium]] auxit quod multas partes [[Europa Occidentalis|Europae Occidentalis]] et [[Europa Media|Mediae]] complexus est. Per suum [[regnum]] et imperium, [[Regnum Italiae (medii aevi)|Italiam]] vicit, et nomine ''Imperatore Augusto''<ref>Pleniore titulo ''Carolus Serenissimus Augustus a Deo coronatus, magnus pacificus imperator, qui et per misericordiam Dei rex Francorum et Longobardorum.'' "Karoli ad Fulradum abbatem epistola" (anno 806) [http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost08/CarolusMagnus/kar_epfu.html ''bibliotheca Augustana'' apud www.hs-augsburg.de].</ref> [[diadema]] e [[manus|manibus]] [[Leo III|Leonis Papae III]] die [[25 Decembris]] [[800]] [[Impositio diadematis Imperatori Romano Sacro|accepit]].
[[Fasciculus:Charlemagne autograph.svg|thumb|100px|left|Monogramma imperatoris Caroli Magni]]

Coniungitur eius dominatus cum [[Renascentia Carolingiana]], recreatione [[ars|artis]], [[religio]]nis, [[cultura]]e, [[Ecclesia Catholica]] adiuvante. Ipse per victorias externas et correctiones internas [[Europa Occidentalis|Europam Occidentalem]] et [[Media Aeva Europaea]] definire adiuvit. '''Carolus I''' in indicibus regnalibus [[Germania]]e, [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]], et [[Index monarcharum Francorum|Franciae]] numeratur.

Carolus, [[filius]] Regis [[Pippinus III (maior domus)|Pippini Brevis]] et [[Bertrada Lauduni|Bertradae Lauduni]], reginae Francicae, [[pater|patri]] anno [[768]] succedens, primum cum [[Carlomannus I (rex Austrasiae)|Carlomanno I]] [[frater|fratre]] rexit. Saepe subicitur coniunctio fratrum infelix fuisse, sed etiam subiciuntur impedimenta ab annalium [[scriptor]]ibus<!--chroniclers--> in maius extulisse.<ref name=McKitterick>{{harvnb|McKitterick|2008|pp=80–81}}.</ref>

== Vita ==
Carolus [[Heristalium|Heristali]] natus est die [[2 Aprilis]] [[742]],<ref>Vel [[1 Aprilis]] [[747]], vel post [[15 Aprilis]] [[747]], vel [[1 Aprilis]] [[748]].</ref> filius [[Pippinus III (maior domus)|Peppini Iunioris]] ("Brevis") et [[Bertrada Laonis|Bertradae Laonis]]. [[Eginhardus]] scripsit Carolum hominem esse cui corpus bene constitutum erat.

Anno [[773]], Caroli auxilio a [[papa]] [[Hadrianus I|Hadriano I]] petito contra [[Langobardi|Langobardos]], qui terris [[Civitas Ecclesiae|Civitatis Ecclesiae]] minati sunt, Carolus regem Langobardorum [[Desiderius|Desiderium]] profligavit et [[Papia]]m, [[caput]] eius regni, cepit.

Postea gentes [[Saxonia|Saxones]] quae a Francorum dominio defecerant domuit.

Anno [[797]], [[Irenia Atheniensis]] [[filius|filium]] suum [[Constantinus VI|Constantinum VI]] [[Imperatores Constantinopolitani|Imperatorem Romanum Orientalem]] deposuit et se imperatricem fecit. [[Papa]] [[Leo III]] recusavit Ireniam imperatricem [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|Imperii Romani Orientalis]] recognoscere. Ergo die [[25 Decembris]] [[800]], papa [[Leo III]] Caroli Magni capiti [[corona]]m [[imperium|imperialem]] imposuit. Carolus [[Aquisgranum|Aquisgrani]] obiit die [[28 Ianuarii]] [[814]].

{{Citatio| ''Corpore fuit amplo atque robusto, statura eminenti, quae tamen iustam non excederet - nam septem suorum pedum proceritatem eius constat habuisse mensuram -, apice capitis rotundo, oculis praegrandibus ac vegetis, naso paululum mediocritatem excedenti, canitie pulchra, facie laeta et hilari. Unde formae auctoritas ac dignitas tam stanti quam sedenti plurima adquirebatur; quamquam cervix obesa et brevior venterque proiectior videretur, tamen haec ceterorum membrorum celabat aequalitas. Incessu firmo totaque corporis habitudine virili; voce clara quidem, sed quae minus corporis formae conveniret''|[[Eginhardus|Eginhardi]] ''[[Vita Karoli Magni]]'' c. 22}}

{{Historia Franciae}}

== Familia ==
Ex [[concubina]] nomine Himiltrude unum [[filius|filium]] genuit, nomine [[Pipinus Gibbus|Pippinum]], qui postea, mutata veste et tonsuratus, in [[Prumia]] [[monasterium]] trusus est.

Prima Caroli Magni [[uxor]] fuit filia [[Desiderius|Desiderii]] [[rex|regis]] [[Langobardi|Langobardorum]] cuius nomen nobis incognitum est (scilicet [[Desiderata]] aut [[Gerperga]]).

Secundam uxorem ex gente [[Suebi|Sueborum]] duxit, nomine [[Hildegarda (Caroli Magni uxor)|Hildegardem]], cuius [[pater]] Geroldus comes fuit. Ex ea multos liberos genuit. [[Tres]] filios, [[Carolus (rex Francorum)|Carolum]], Carlomannum (ab anno 781 [[Pippinus (rex Italiae)|Pippinus]] nuncupatus), et [[Ludovicus Pius|Hludovicum]], atque tres filias, nominibus Hruodtrudis (Rotrudis), Berhta (Berta), et Gisla (Gisela). Tres liberi eius nominibus Adalhaidis, Hlotharius et Hildegardis in albis iam de hac luce migraverunt.

Rorico ex filia maior Rotrude filium nomine Hludovicum genuit. 

[[Angilbertus Centulensis|Angilbertus]] primicerius palatii et minister Karoli Magni ex secunda filia nomine Berta duos filios genuit, quorum nomina fuerunt Hartnidus et [[Nithardus]].

Post Hildegardae mortem Carolus [[Fastrada]]m in matrimonium duxit.

== Fortuna ==
Anno [[1165]], [[antipapa]] [[Paschalis III]] Carolum Magnum [[sanctus|sanctum]] creavit, sed anno [[1179]] [[Concilium Lateranense Tertium]] omnia decreta huius antipapae III nulla declaravit. Carolus Magnus etiam persona carminorum epicorum [[La chanson de Roland|''La chanson de Roland'']] atque ''[[Orlando furioso|Orlando Furioso]]'' [[Ludovicus Ariostus|Ludovici Ariosti]] est.

{{NexInt}}
* [[Opus Caroli regis contra synodum]]
* [[Praemium Caroli Magni]]
* [[Bayardus equus]]
* [[Codex Aureus Laureshamensis]]

== Notae ==
<div class="references-small"><references/></div>

== Fontes ==
* [[Eginhardus|Eginhardi]] ''[[Vita Karoli Magni]]'' ([http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ein.html Latine]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20031001165702/http://charlemagne.celtic-twilight.com/einhard/index.htm Latine et Anglice])
* [[Notker Balbulus|Notkeri Balbuli]] (ut videtur) ''[[Gesta Karoli Magni]]'' ([http://mdz10.bib-bvb.de/~db/bsb00000692/images/index.html?seite=3 Latine])
[[Fasciculus:Charlemagne and Pope Adrian I.jpg|thumb|200 px|Carolus Magnus et Papa [[Hadrianus I]]: imago posterioris aetatis]]

== Bibliographia ==
* [[Alexander Barbero|Barbero, Alessandro]]. [[2002]]. ''Carlo Magno, un padre dell'Europa.'' [[Roma]]e.
* [[Alexander Barbero|Barbero, Alessandro]]. [[2004]]. ''Charlemagne: Father of a Continent.'' Liber conversus ab Allan Cameron. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-23943-1.
* {{cite book | last=Becher|first=Matthias|title=Charlemagne | year=[[2003]] | others=trans. David S. Bachrach | publisher=Yale University Press | location=Portu Novo | isbn=0-300-09796-4}}
* {{cite book | ref=harv | first=Roger | last=Collins | title=The Basques | location=Novi Eboraci | publisher=Basil Blackwell Inc | year=[[1987]] | origyear=1986}}
* {{cite book | ref=harv | title=Charlemagne | first=Roger | last=Collins | location=Toronti | publisher=University of Toronto Press | year=[[1998]]}}
* {{cite book | ref=harv | title=Visigothic Spain, 409-711 | first=Roger | last=Collins | location=Malden, Mass.; Oxford | publisher=Blackwell Pub. | year=[[2004]] | series=History of Spain}}
* {{cite book | ref=harv | title=Amerikanuak: Basques in the New World | first=William A | last=Douglass | first2=Jon | last2=Bilbao | location=Reno; Las Vegas | publisher=University of Nevada Press | year=[[2005]] | series=The Basque series }}
* {{cite book | ref=harv | author=Einhard, putative | year=741-829 | title=Annales Regni Francorum (Annales Laurissenses Maiores) | work=Medieval Latin | publisher=The Latin Library | url=http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/annalesregnifrancorum.html}}
* {{cite book | ref=harv |  author=Einhard| authorlink=Einhard | title=The Life of Charlemagne | year=[[1999]] | origyear=1880 | others=trans. Samuel Epes Turner | editor-first=Paul | editor-last=Halsall | location=Novi Eboraci | publisher=Harper & Brothers; Medieval Sourcebook, Fordham University | url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/einhard.html}}
* Epperlein, S. [[1978]]. ''Karl der Grosse: eine Biographie.'' [[Berolinum|Berolini]].
* {{cite book|last=Ganshof|first=F. L.| authorlink=François-Louis Ganshof|title=The Carolingians and the Frankish Monarchy: Studies in Carolingian History|year=[[1971]]|others=trans. Janet Sondheimer|publisher=Cornell University Press|location=Ithacae Novi Eboraci | isbn=0-8014-0635-8}}
* [[Ludovicus Halphen|Louis Halphen]]. [[1921]]. ''Études critiques sur l'histoire de Charlemagne.''
* {{cite book | ref=harv | last=James | first=David | coauthors=Ibn al-Qu?iyya | title=Early Islamic Spain: The History of Ibn al-Qu?iyya: a study of the unique Arabic manuscript in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris, with a translation, notes and comments | location=Londinii et Novi Eboraci | publisher=Routledge | year=[[2009]]}}
* {{cite book|last=Langston|first=Aileen Lewers|coauthors=and J. Orton Buck, Jr (eds.)|title=Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants|year=1974|publisher=Genealogical Pub. Co.|location=Baltimorae}}
* Longnon, Auguste, "[https://archive.org/details/charlemagne00vt/page/516 Sur la géographie de l'empire de Charlemagne]" in Alphonse Vétault et al., ''Charlemagne'' (Tours : A. Mame, 1877) pp. 517-537
* {{cite book| ref=harv | last=McKitterick|first=R.|authorlink=Rosamond McKitterick|title=Charlemagne: The Formation of a European Identity|year=[[2008]]|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cantabrigiae}}
* {{cite journal|last=Molina Figueras |first=Joan |year=[[2004]] |title= Arnau de Montrodon y la catedral de San Carlomagno: sobre la imagen y el culto al emperador carolingio en Gerona |language= |journal=Anuario de Estudios Medievales |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages= 417–454}}
* Morrissey, Robert. 1997. ''L'Empereur à la barbe fleurie: Charlemagne dans la mythologie et l'histoire de France''. Lutetiae: Gallimard. ISBN 2-07-073127-8
* {{cite book| ref=harv | last=Oman|first=Charles|authorlink=Charles Oman|title=The Dark Ages, 476–918|year=[[1914]]|edition=ed. 6a.|publisher=Rivingtons|location=Londinii}}
* {{cite book|last=Painter|first=Sidney|authorlink=Sidney Painter|title=A History of the Middle Ages, 284-1500|year=[[1953]]|publisher=Knopf|location=Novi Eboraci}}
* {{cite book | ref=harv | title=Mohammed and Charlemagne | first=Henri | last=Pirenne | authorlink=Henri Pirenne | edition=Dover | location=Mineolae Novi Eboraci | publisher=Dover Publications | year=[[2001]] | origyear=1937 posthumous}}
* {{cite book| ref=harv | last=Riché | first=Pierre | year=[[1993]] | title=The Carolingians: A Family Who Forged Europe | series=Middle Ages Series | location=Philadelphiae | publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press | isbn=0-8122-1342-4}}
* {{cite book | ref=harv | first=Charles Edward | last=Russell | title=Charlemagne, first of the moderns | year=[[1930]] | location=Bostoniae et Novi Eboraci | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Co.}}
* {{cite book|last=Santosuosso|first=Antonio|authorlink=Antonio Santosuosso|title=Barbarians, Marauders, and Infidels: The Ways of Medieval Warfare|year=2004|publisher=Westview Press|location=Boulder, Colorati|isbn=0-8133-9153-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Scholz|first=Bernhard Walter|coauthors=with Barbara Rogers|title=Carolingian Chronicles: Royal Frankish Annals and Nithard's Histories|year=[[1970]]|publisher=University of Michigan Press|location=Ann Arbor|isbn=0-472-08790-8}} [comprehendit ''Annales regni Francorum'' opusque Nithardi de filiis Ludovici]
* {{cite book|last=Sypeck|first=Jeff|title=Becoming Charlemagne: Europe, Baghdad, and The Empires of A.D. 800|year=[[2006]]|publisher=Ecco/HarperCollins|location=Novi Eboraci|isbn=0-06-079706-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Tierney|first=Brian|title=The Crisis of Church and State 1050–1300|year=[[1964]]|publisher=University of Toronto Press|location=Toronto|isbn=0802067018}}
* Vétault, Alphonse, et al., ''Charlemagne''. Tours : A. Mame, 1877 [https://archive.org/details/charlemagne00vt Textus] apud ''Internet Archive''
* {{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Derek|title=Charlemagne: The Great Adventure|year=[[2005]]|publisher=Hutchinson|location=Londinii|isbn=0-09-179461-7}}

== Nexus externi ==
{{Communia|Carolus Magnus|Carolum Magnum}}
{{Vicifons|Scriptor:Carolus Magnus|Carolum Magnum}}
* [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-256627/Charlemagne Charlemagne: Biographies and general studies], from ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]].''

{{Imperatores SRI}}
{{1000 paginae}}

{{Myrias|Homines}}

[[Categoria:Nati 742]]
[[Categoria:Mortui 814]]
[[Categoria:Carolingi]]
[[Categoria:Carolus Magnus|!]]
[[Categoria:Imperatores Romani Sacri]]
[[Categoria:Personae Orlando Innamorato et Orlando Furioso]]
[[Categoria:Reges Francorum]]
[[Categoria:Guillelmus Gellonensis]]
[[Categoria:Rolandus]]
[[Categoria:Alcuinus]]