Tazama chanzo cha Ubikira wa kudumu

[[File:Vladimirskaya.jpg|thumb|[[Theotokos]] wa Vladimir ni [[picha takatifu]] ya Maria Bikira Daima.<ref name=McNally>{{cite book|last= McNally |first= Terrence J. |title= What Every Catholic Should Know about Mary |date= 2009-05-16 |publisher= [[Xlibris]] |isbn= 9781450045117 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IlJRXgcBVvoC&pg=PA168&dq=%22ever+virgin%22+orthodox&hl=en&ei=0vFcTrbeB4nKsgaI9rzDDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CD0Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22ever%20virgin%22%20orthodox&f=false}}</ref>.]]
'''Ubikira wa kudumu''' ni sifa ambayo [[Bikira Maria]] anapewa na [[Wakatoliki]], [[Waorthodoksi]] na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]], pamoja na [[Waprotestanti]] wachache, akiwemo [[Martin Luther]]. Ni [[imani]] yao<ref name=MWebster >''Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of world religions'' by Merriam-Webster, Inc. 1999 ISBN 0-87779-044-2 page 1134</ref><ref>''[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P1K.HTM Catechism of the Catholic Church'' §499]</ref><ref>[http://www.ocf.org/OrthodoxPage/liturgy/liturgy.html Divine Liturgy of St John Chrysostom] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ocf.org/OrthodoxPage/liturgy/liturgy.html |date=20190831232525 }}, [http://www.coptic.net/prayers/StBasilLiturgy.html Coptic Liturgy of St Basil], [http://www.copticchurch.net/topics/liturgy/liturgy_of_st_cyril.pdf Liturgy of St Cyril] {{Wayback|url=http://www.copticchurch.net/topics/liturgy/liturgy_of_st_cyril.pdf |date=20120205072509 }}, [http://web.ukonline.co.uk/ephrem/lit-james.htm Liturgy of St James] {{Wayback|url=http://web.ukonline.co.uk/ephrem/lit-james.htm |date=20080615045105 }}, [http://www.frmichel.najim.net/liturgyvid.pdf Understanding the Orthodox Liturgy] etc.</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.peshitta.org/pdf/wigram.pdf |title=An Introduction to the History of the Assyrian Church |author=W.A. Wigram, M.A., D.D. |publisher=Assyrian International News Agency (retrieved from www.peshitta.org) |page=88}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Dx4WrfzZMsoC |page=326 |title=Mary for Earth and Heaven |author1=William McLoughlin |author2=Jill Pinnock |publisher=Gracewing Publishing |year=2002 |isbn=9780852445563}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.prounione.urbe.it/pdf/f_prounione_bulletin_n54_fall1998.pdf |page=8 |author=Bishop Mar Bawai Soro |chapter=Mary in the Catholic-Assyrian Dialogue: An Assyrian Perspective |title=Centro Pro Unione N.54 - Fall 1998 |issn=1122-0384 |access-date=2016-12-20 |archive-date=2022-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316185151/http://www.prounione.urbe.it/pdf/f_prounione_bulletin_n54_fall1998.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> kuwa [[Mama]] wa [[Yesu]] anastahili kuitwa “Bikira daima” (kwa [[Kigiriki]] ἀειπάρθενος, aeiparthenos; kwa [[Kilatini]] sempervirgo) kwa sababu alimchukua [[mimba]] akiwa [[bikira]], akamzaa bila ya kupotewa na ubikira, akabaki bikira hadi mwisho wa [[maisha]] yake.

Imani hiyo inajitokeza katika [[maandishi]] ya [[Mababu wa Kanisa]] wa [[karne ya 4]], halafu katika matamko ya [[mitaguso mikuu]].

==Ufafanuzi==
[[Wakristo]] na [[Waislamu]]<ref name=Emir >''The Truth about Islam & Jesus'' by John Ankerberg, Emir Caner 2009 ISBN 0-7369-2502-3 page 65 [https://books.google.com/books?id=-XgH1R2AhbgC&pg=PA65&dq=%22Perpetual+virginity%22+of+Mary+islam&hl=en&ei=0oVcTonHAs7DtAaN56G6Dw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22Perpetual%20virginity%22%20of%20Mary%20islam&f=false]</ref><ref>''What Every Catholic Should Know about Mary'' by Terrence J. McNally 2009 ISBN 1-4415-1051-6 page 161 [https://books.google.com/books?id=IlJRXgcBVvoC&pg=PA161&dq=Perpetual+virginity+of+Mary+islam&hl=en&ei=n4VcTsLwB8vfsga65enPDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Perpetual%20virginity%20of%20Mary%20islam&f=false]</ref><ref>''Women in the Qur'ān, traditions, and interpretation'' by Barbara Freyer Stowasser. Oxford University Press: 1994, pp. 78-70, 163.</ref><ref>"The Virgin Mary in Islamic tradition and commentary" by J. I. Smith et al., published in the ''Muslim World'' (Hartford, Conn.) v. 79 (July/October 1989) p. 161-87</ref><ref name=Sarker >Sarker, Abraham.''Understand My Muslim People''. 2004 ISBN 1-59498-002-0 page 260</ref> wote wanakiri kuwa [[Yesu]] alitungwa bila ya mchango wa [[mwanamume]]. 

La ajabu zaidi katika [[imani]] hiyo ni kwamba hata [[uzazi]] wenyewe haukuondoa [[ubikira]] wake, bali uliutakasa: ni "Bikira daima". Ingawa [[akili]] inasita na haiwezi kuelewa, ni lazima kukiri na [[malaika Gabrieli]], “Hakuna lisilowezekana kwa [[Mungu]]” ([[Lk]] 1:38). [[Yosefu]], ingawa [[Sheria|kisheria]] alikuwa [[mume]] wake, hakutenda naye [[tendo la ndoa]].

Hamu ya Maria ya kuwa bikira hata kisha kuchumbiwa inajitokeza katika [[jibu]] alilompa [[malaika]] aliyemtabiria mimba: “Litakuwaje neno hili, maana sijui mume?” (Lk 1:35). Ni kielelezo cha [[Wakristo]] ambao [[Mtume Paulo]] aliwaandikia: “Nawaonea wivu, wivu wa Mungu; kwa kuwa naliwaposea mume mmoja, ili nimletee [[Kristo]] bikira safi” ([[2Kor]] 11:2), “mpate kumhudumia Bwana pasipo kuvutwa na mambo mengine” ([[1Kor]] 7:35).

Wanaosemwa katika [[Injili]] “ndugu zake Yesu” si [[watoto]] wa Bikira Maria, bali [[ndugu]] wa [[ukoo]] waliokuwa jirani sana na [[familia]] hiyo takatifu. Kama Bikira Maria angekuwa na [[watoto]] wengine, Yesu angekuwa amefanya kosa la kuwanyang’anya Mama yao na kumfanya awe Mama wa [[mtume Yohane]] alipomkabidhi [[Msalaba wa Yesu|msalabani]], “‘Mwana, tazama Mama yako’. Na tangu saa ile huyo [[mwanafunzi]] alimchukua akae [[Nyumba|nyumbani]] kwake” (Yoh 19:27).

Katika [[Agano Jipya]] yupo Yakobo anayeitwa na mtume Paulo “ndugu yake Bwana” ([[Gal]] 1:19): Yakobo huyo alikuwa maarufu katika [[Kanisa la Yerusalemu]] ([[Mdo]] 12:7; 15:13-21; 21:18-20; Gal 2:9). Yakobo huyo si [[Yakobo Mkubwa|mtume Yakobo]] [[kaka]] yake [[Yohane Mwinjili|Yohane]] (Lk 6:12-16), bali ni Yakobo ndugu yake Yose na mama yao kwenye Injili anaitwa “Maria mwingine”, si Maria Mama wa Yesu. “Walikuwepo pia [[wanawake]] waliotazama kwa mbali. Miongoni mwao akiwa [[Maria Magdalena]], [[Salome]] na Maria mama wa akina [[Yakobo mdogo]] na Yose” ([[Mk]] 15:40). Maria lilikuwa jina la kawaida kwa [[Wayahudi]]: akina Maria wakiwa wengi hivyo, tujue kuwatofautisha kwenye Injili, ambazo zinamtaja Bikira Maria kama “Mama wa Yesu”.

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

==Viungo vya nje==
* {{citation |chapter=The Perpetual Virginity of Blessed Mary - Against Helvidius |author= Jerome |authorlink= Jerome |chapter-url=http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3007.htm |others= Translated by W.H. Fremantle, G. Lewis and W.G. Martley |title= Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, Vol. 6 |editor1=Philip Schaff |editor2=Henry Wace |editor3= Kevin Knight |location= [[Buffalo, New York]] |publisher= Christian Literature Publishing Co. (retrieved from [[New Advent]]) |year= c. 383}}
* {{cite journal|last= Hunter |first= David G. |title= Helvidius, Jovinian, and the Virginity of Mary in Late Fourth-Century Rome |journal= [[Journal of Early Christian Studies]] 
|volume=  1 |number= number 1 |date= Spring 1993 |accessdate= 2016-08-30 |pages= pp. 47–71 |publisher= [[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |doi= 10.1353/earl.0.0147 |url= http://www.academia.edu/2428119/Helvidius_Jovinian_and_the_Virginity_of_Mary}}
{{Bikira Maria}}
{{mbegu-Ukristo}}

[[Jamii:Bikira Maria]]
[[Jamii:Teolojia]]