Macro Vision Academy

TARGET IIT JEE 2019

Mathematics

BINOMIAL

CONTENTS
KEY- CONCEPTS
EXERCISE - I(A)
EXERCISE - I(B)
EXERCISE - II
EXERCISE - III(A)
EXERCISE - III(B)
EXERCISE - IV
ANSWER - KEY
 KEY CONCEPTS
BINOMIAL EXPONENTIAL & LOGARITHMIC SERIES
1. BINOMIAL THEOREM :
The formula by which any positive integral power of a binomial expression can be expanded in
the form of a series is known as BINOMIAL THEOREM .
If x , y  R and n  N, then ;
n
(x + y)n = nC
0 xn + nC
1 xn1 y+ nC xn2y2
2 + . ... + nC xnryr
r + ..... + nC yn
n =  nCr xn – r yr.
r0
This theorem can be proved by Induction .
OBSERVATIONS :
(i) The number of terms in the expansion is (n + 1) i.e. one or more than the index .
(ii) The sum of the indices of x & y in each term is n .
(iii) The binomial coefficients of the terms nC0 , nC1 .... equidistant from the beginning and the end are
equal.
2. IMPORTANT TERMS IN THE BINOMIAL EXPANSION ARE :
(i) General term (ii) Middle term
(iii) Term independent of x & (iv) Numerically greatest term
(i) The general term or the (r + 1)th term in the expansion of (x + y)n is given by ;
Tr+1 = nCr xnr . yr
(ii) The middle term(s) isn the expansion of (x + y)n is (are) :
(a) If n is even , there is only one middle term which is given by ;
T(n+2)/2 = nCn/2 . xn/2 . yn/2
(b) If n is odd , there are two middle terms which are :
T(n+1)/2 & T[(n+1)/2]+1
(iii) Term independent of x contains no x ; Hence find the value of r for which the exponent of x is zero.
(iv) To find the Numerically greatest term is the expansion of (1 + x)n , n  N find
n
Tr 1 Cr x r n  r 1
 n r 1
 x . Put the absolute value of x & find the value of r Consistent with the
Tr C r 1x r
Tr 1
inequality > 1.
Tr
Note that the Numerically greatest term in the expansion of (1  x)n , x > 0 , n  N is the same
as the greatest term in (1 + x)n .
3. If  A B  n
= I + f, where I & n are positive integers, n being odd and 0 < f < 1, then
(I + f) . f = Kn where A  B2 = K > 0 & A  B < 1.
If n is an even integer, then (I + f) (1  f) = Kn.
4. BINOMIAL COEFFICIENTS :
(i) C0 + C1 + C2 + ....... + Cn = 2n
(ii) C0 + C2 + C4 + ....... = C1 + C3 + C5 + ....... = 2n1
(2 n) !
(iii) C0² + C1² + C2² + .... + Cn² = 2nCn =
n! n!
( 2n )!
(iv) C0.Cr + C1.Cr+1 + C2.Cr+2 + ... + Cnr.Cn =
( n  r ) ( n  r )!

Binomial [2]
 REMEMBER :
(i) (2n)! = 2n . n! [1. 3. 5 ...... (2n  1)]
5. BINOMIAL THEOREM FOR NEGATIVE OR FRACTIONAL INDICES :
n ( n  1) 2 n ( n  1) ( n  2) 3
If n  Q , then (1 + x)n = 1  n x  x  x  ...... Provided | x | < 1.
2! 3!
Note : (i) When the index n is a positive integer the number of terms in the
expansion of
(1 + x)n is finite i.e. (n + 1) & the coefficient of successive terms are :
nC , nC , nC , nC ..... nC
0 1 2 3 n
(ii) When the index is other than a positive integer such as negative integer or fraction, the number of
terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n is infinite and the symbol nCr cannot be used to denote the
Coefficient of the general term .
(iii) Following expansion should be remembered (x < 1).
(a) (1 + x)1 = 1  x + x2  x3 + x4  ....  (b) (1  x)1 = 1 + x + x2 + x3 + x4 + .... 
(c) (1 + x)2 = 1  2x + 3x2  4x3 + ....  (d) (1  x)2 = 1 + 2x + 3x2 + 4x3 + ..... 
(iv) The expansions in ascending powers of x are only valid if x is ‘small’. If x is large i.e. | x | > 1 then
1
we may find it convinient to expand in powers of , which then will be small.
x
6. APPROXIMATIONS :
n ( n  1) n ( n  1) ( n  2) 3
(1 + x)n = 1 + nx + x² + x .....
1. 2 1.2.3
If x < 1, the terms of the above expansion go on decreasing and if x be very small, a stage may be
reached when we may neglect the terms containing higher powers of x in the expansion. Thus, if x be
so small that its squares and higher powers may be neglected then (1 + x)n = 1 + nx, approximately.
This is an approximate value of (1 + x)n.
7. EXPONENTIAL SERIES :
n
x x2 x3  1
(i) ex = 1 +    . ..... ; where x may be any real or complex & e = Limit
n 
1  
1! 2! 3! n

x x2 2 x3 3
(ii) ax = 1 + ln a  ln a  ln a  ....... where a > 0
1! 2! 3!
Note :
1 1 1
(a) e=1+   . .....
1! 2! 3!
(b) e is an irrational number lying between 2.7 & 2.8. Its value correct upto 10 places of decimal is
2.7182818284.
 1 1 1 
(c) e + e1 = 2 1     ....... 
 2! 4! 6! 
 1 1 1 
(d) e  e1 = 2 1     ....... 
 3! 5! 7! 
(e) Logarithms to the base ‘e’ are known as the Napierian system, so named after Napier, their inventor.
They are also called Natural Logarithm.

Binomial [3]
8. LOGARITHMIC SERIES :
x 2 x3 x 4
(i) ln (1+ x) = x     .......  where 1 < x  1
2 3 4
x 2 x3 x 4
(ii) ln (1 x) =  x     .......  where 1  x < 1
2 3 4
 3 5 
(1  x )
(iii) ln =2  x  x  x  ... 5  x < 1
(1 x )  3 
 
1 1 1
REMEMBER : (a) 1   +...  = ln 2 (b) eln x = x
2 3 4
(c) ln2 = 0.693 (d) ln10 = 2.303

EXERCISE–I (A)
11 11
 1   1 
Q.1 Find the coefficients : (i) x7 in  a x 2   (ii) x7 in  ax  2 
 bx   bx 
(iii) Find the relation between a & b , so that these coefficients are equal.
Q.2 If the coefficients of (2r + 4)th , (r  2)th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)18 are equal , find r.
Q.3 If the coefficients of the rth, (r + 1)th & (r + 2)th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)14 are in AP,
find r.
10 8
 x 3  1 1/ 3 1 / 5 
Q.4 Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (a)   2 (b)  x  x 
 3 2x  2 

n  1 3r 7 r 15r 
Q.5 Find the sum of the series  ( 1) r n
. C r  r
 2r
 3r
 4r  .....up to m terms 
r0 2 2 2 2 
Q.6 If the coefficients of 2nd , 3rd & 4th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)2n are in AP, show that
2n²  9n + 7 = 0.
Q.7 Given that (1 + x + x²)n = a0 + a1x + a2x² + .... + a2nx2n , find the values of :
(i) a0 + a1 + a2 + ..... + a2n ; (ii) a0  a1 + a2  a3 ..... + a2n ; (iii) a02 a12 + a22  a32 + ..... + a2n2
Q.8 If a, b, c & d are the coefficients of any four consecutive terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N,
a c 2b
prove that  
a  b c d b c .
8
 2 log x
4  44 1 
Q.9 Find the value of x for which the fourth term in the expansion,  5 5 5   is 336.
 log 5 2 x 1 7
3 
 5 
Q.10 Prove that : n1Cr + n2Cr + n3Cr + .... + rCr = nCr+1.

Q.11 (a) Which is larger : (9950 + 10050) or (101)50.

4n
(b) Show that 2n–2C
n–2 + 2.2n–2Cn–1 + 2n–2Cn > , nN , n  2
n 1

Binomial [4]
 11
 7
Q.12 In the expansion of 1  x   find the term not containing x.
 x
Q.13 Show that coefficient of x5 in the expansion of (1 + x²)5 . (1 + x)4 is 60.
Q.14 Find the coefficient of x4 in the expansion of :
(i) (1 + x + x2 + x3)11 (ii) (2  x + 3x2)6
Q.15 Find numerically the greatest term in the expansion of :
3 1
(i) (2 + 3x)9 when x = (ii) (3  5x)15 when x =
2 5
q 1 2 n
Q.16 Given sn= 1 + q + q² + . ... + qn & Sn = 1 +  q  1
+  2 
 q  1
+ .... +  2  , q  1,
2
prove that n+1C + n+1C .s + n+1C .s +....+ n+1C = 2n . Sn .
1 2 1 3 2 n+1.sn

Q.17 Prove that the ratio of the coefficient of x10 in (1  x²)10 & the term independent of x in
10
 2
x   is 1 : 32 .
 x
9
 3 x2 1
Q.18 Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (1 + x + 2x3)    .
 2 3x 
Q.19 In the expansion of the expression (x + a)15 , if the eleventh term is the geometric mean of the eighth and
twelfth terms , which term in the expansion is the greatest ?

n4
Q.20 Let (1+x²)² . (1+x)n = a K . x K . If a1 , a2 & a3 are in AP, find n.
K 0

Q.21 If the coefficient of ar–1 , ar , ar+1 in the expansion of (1 + a)n are in arithmetic progression, prove that
n2 – n (4r + 1) + 4r2 – 2 = 0.
(1  x n )(1  x n 1 )(1  x n 2 ). .................(1  x n  r 1 )
Q.22 If nJ = , prove that nJn – r = nJr..
r (1  x )(1  x 2 )(1  x 3 ). .................(1  x r )
n
Q.23 Prove that  n C K sin Kx . cos(n  K )x  2n 1 sin nx .
K 0

Q.24 The expressions 1 + x, 1+x + x2, 1 + x + x2 + x3,. ............ 1 + x + x2 +........... + xn are multiplied
together and the terms of the product thus obtained are arranged in increasing powers of x in the form of
a0 + a1x + a2x2 +. ................, then,
(a) how many terms are there in the product.
(b) show that the coefficients of the terms in the product, equidistant from the beginning and end are equal.
(n  1)!
(c) show that the sum of the odd coefficients = the sum of the even coefficients =
2
Q.25 Find the coeff. of (a) x6 in the expansion of (ax² + bx + c)9 .
(b) x2 y3 z4 in the expansion of (ax  by + cz)9 .
(c) a2 b3 c4 d in the expansion of (a – b – c + d)10.
2n 2n
r r
Q.26 If  a r (x2)  b r ( x3) & ak = 1 for all k  n, then show that bn = 2n+1Cn+1.
r0 r 0

Binomial [5]
 i k 1 n
1 x 
Q.27 If Pk (x) =  xi then prove that,  n C k Pk ( x)  2n 1 ·Pn  2 

i 0 k 1

Q.28 Find the coefficient of xr in the expression of :

(x + 3)n1 + (x + 3)n2 (x + 2) + (x + 3)n3 (x + 2)2 + ..... + (x + 2)n1
n
x 2
Q.29(a) Find the index n of the binomial    if the 9th term of the expansion has numerically the
  5 5
greatest coefficient (n  N) .
(b) For which positive values of x is the fourth term in the expansion of (5 + 3x)10 is the greatest.
(72)!
Q.30 Prove that  1 is divisible by 73.
36!2
Q.31 If the 3rd, 4th, 5th & 6th terms in the expansion of (x + y)n be respectively a , b , c & d then prove that
b 2  ac 5a
 .
c 2  bd 3c
Q.32 Find x for which the (k + 1)th term of the expansion of (x + y)n is the greatest if
x + y = 1 and x > 0, y > 0.

*Q.33 If x is so small that its square and higher powers may be neglected, prove that :
1/ 3 5

(1  3 x )1/2  (1  x ) 5 / 3  41  1   3x
7    1 3x
5
(i) 1/ 2
1  x (ii) 1/7 = 1  x   x
10
7
1
12 or
(4  x)  24  1  x
2   1  
1/3 7x
3 1  x
127
84

1 1. 3 1. 3. 5 1. 3. 5 . 7
*Q.34 (a) If x =     then prove that x2 + 2x – 2 = 0.
 . ............
3 3. 6 3. 6 . 9 3 . 6 . 9 .12
2 3
2 1. 3  2 1. 3 . 5  2
(b) If y =        .......... then find the value of y² + 2y..
5 2!  5 3!  5
1/ n
( n  1) p  ( n  1)q  p 
*Q.35 If p = q nearly and n >1, show that   .
( n  1) p  ( n  1)q  q 
(*) Only for CBSE. Not in the syllabus of IIT JEE.

EXERCISE–I (B)
Q.1 Show that the integral part in each of the following is odd. n  N
n n n

(A) 5  2 6  
(B) 8  3 7  
(C) 6  35 
Q.2 Show that the integral part in each of the following is even. n N
2n 1 2n  1

(A) 3 3  5  
(B) 5 5  11 
Q.3  
If 7  4 3 n = p+ where n & p are positive integers and  is a proper fraction show that
(1  ) (p + ) = 1.
n
Q.4  
If x denotes 2  3 , n N & [x] the integral part of x then find the value of : x  x² + x[x].

Binomial [6]
 n
Q.5 
If P = 8  3 7  and f = P  [P], where [ ] denotes greatest integer function.
Prove that : P (1  f) = 1 (n  N)
2n  1
Q.6 
If 6 6  14  = N & F be the fractional part of N, prove that NF = 202n+1 (n  N)
p
 
Q.7
 

Prove that if p is a prime number greater than 2, then the difference  2  5   2p+1 is divisible by 
p, where [ ] denotes greatest integer.
2n
Q.8 Prove that the integer next above  3 1  contains 2n+1 as factor (n  N)
n
Q.9 Let I denotes the integral part & F the proper fractional part of 3  5   where n  N and if 
denotes the rational part and  the irrational part of the same, show that
1 1
= (I + 1) and  = (I + 2 F  1).
2 2
2n
Cn
Q.10 Prove that is an integer,  n  N.
n 1
EXERCISE–II
(NOT IN THE SYLLABUS OF IIT-JEE)
PROBLEMS ON EXPONENTIAL & LOGARITHMIC SERIES
For Q.1 TO Q.15, Prove That :
2 2
 1 1 1   1 1 1 
Q.1 1     . .....   1     ...... =1
 2! 4 ! 6 !   3! 5! 7! 

e1 1 1 1  1 1 1 
Q.2     . .....      ......
e  1  2! 4 ! 6 !   1! 3! 5! 

e2  1  1 1 1   1 1 1 
Q.3     . .....   1     ......
e 2  1  1! 3! 5!   2! 4! 6! 
1 2 1 2  3 1 2  3 4  3
Q.4 1+      e 
2! 3! 4!  2
1 1 1 1
Q.5     =
13 1235 12 34 5 e
. .......
. . . . 7. .2 . . .
1 2 1 2  2 1  2  22  23
Q.6 1 + 2!    ......... = e² e
3! 4!
23 33 43 2 3 6 11 18 . .......
Q.7 1 + 2!  3!  4!  . ....... = 5e Q 8. ! ! ! ! !  = 3 (e  1)
1 2 3 4 5
1 1 1 1 1 1
Q.9     = 1  loge 2 Q 10. 1 + 2
 4
  . .......  = loge3
23 45 6 3. 2 5.2 7 . 26
. .......
. . 7.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Q.11    ... =     ..... = ln 2
1. 2 3. 4 5 . 6 2 1. 2 . 3 3. 4 . 5 5 . 6 . 7
1 1 
 . 3  . 5  . 7 +. . =   ln 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Q.12  . 2  . 3  . 4 +.... = ln3  ln2 Q 13.
3
2 22 32 42 33 53 73  2

Binomial [7]
 1  1 1 1  1 1  1 1 1
Q.14      2  2   3  3   2
2  2 3 4  2 3  62 3  ln
2
y3 y4 y
Q.15 If y = x  x  x  x +. ... where | x | < 1, then prove that x = y + 2! 
2 3 4
 +......
2 3 4 3! 4!
EXERCISE–III (A)
If C0 , C1 , C2 , ..... , Cn are the combinatorial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n,
n  N , then prove the following :
2 n !
Q.1 C0² + C1² + C2² +.....+ Cn² =
n! n !
2 n !
Q.2 C0 C1 + C1 C2 + C2 C3 +....+Cn1 Cn =
( n  1)! ( n  1)!
Q.3 C1 + 2C2 + 3C3 +.....+ n . Cn = n . 2n1
Q.4 C0 + 2C1 + 3C2 +.....+ (n+1)Cn = (n+2)2n1
Q.5 C0 + 3C1 + 5C2 +.....+ (2n+1)Cn = (n+1) 2n
. . .... (  1) n
Q.6 (C0+C1)(C1+C2)(C2+C3) . 0 1 2 n 1

(Cn1+Cn) = C C C C n n!
. ( ) C C C 2 n 1  1
C1 2 C2 3 C3 ....... n C n n n1 Q 8. C0 + 1
 ......  n n 
2
Q.7      
C0 C1 C2 C n 1 2 2 3 1 n 1

22 . C1 23 . C 2 24 .C3 2.n  1 C n 3n  1  1
Q.9 2 . Co +   . 
2 3 4 n 1 n 1
2 n!
Q.10 CoCr + C1Cr+1 + C2Cr+2 + .... + Cnr Cn =
(n  r)! (n  r)!
C C n C 1
Co  2  3  ... ( )1 n  1  n  1
1 2 n
Q.11
(  1) r ( n  1)!
Q.12 Co  C1 + C2  C3 + .... + (1)r . Cr =
r ! . ( n  r  1)!
Q.13 Co  2C1 + 3C2  4C3 + .... + (1)n (n+1) Cn = 0
Q.14 Co²  C1² + C2²  C3² + ...... + (1)n Cn² = 0 or (1)n/2 Cn/2 according as n is odd or even.
Q.15 If n is an integer greater than 1 , show that ;
a  nC1(a1) + nC2(a2)  ..... + (1)n (a  n) = 0
Q.16 (n1)² . C1 + (n3)² . C3 + (n5)² . C5 +..... = n (n + 1)2n3
(n  1) (2 n)!
Q.17 1 . Co² + 3 . C1² + 5 . C2² + ..... + (2n+1) Cn² =
n! n !
Q.18 If a0 , a1 , a2 , ..... be the coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x + x²)n in ascending
powers of x , then prove that : (i) a0 a1  a1 a2 + a2 a3  .... = 0 .
(ii) a0a2  a1a3 + a2a4  ..... + a2n  2 a2n = an + 1 or an–1.
(iii) E1 = E2 = E3 = 3n1 ; where E1= a0 + a3 + a6 + ..... ; E2 = a1 + a4 + a7 + ..... &
E3 = a2 + a5 + a8 + .....
n2
(2 n)!
Q.19 Prove that :  n

Cr . nCr  2 =
r0 (n  2)! ( n  2)!
Q.20 If (1+x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x² + .... + Cn xn , then show that the sum of the products of the C i ’ s
  Ci C j 2 n!
taken two at a time , represented by is equal to 22n1  .
0 i j n 2 ( n !) 2

Binomial [8]
 n 1
Q.21 C1  C2  C 3  ......  C n  2n 1 
2
1/ 2
Q.22 C1  C2  C3  ......  C n  n 2 n  1   for n  2.

EXERCISE–III (B)
Q.1 If (1+x)15 = C0 + C1. x + C2. x2 + .... + C15. x15, then find the value of :
C2 + 2C3 + 3C4 + .... + 14C15
Q.2 If (1 + x + x² + ... + xp)n = a0 + a1x + a2x²+...+anp. xnp , then find the value of :
a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + .... + np . anp
Q.3 1². C0 + 2². C1 + 3². C2 + 4². C3 + .... + (n+1)² Cn = 2n2 (n+1) (n+4) .
n
Q.4 r 2
. C r  n (n  1) 2 n  2
r0

n
Q.5 Given p+q = 1 , show that r 2
. n C r . p r . q n  r  n p (n  1) p  1
r0

n
2
Q.6 Show that  C  2 r  n
r  n . 2n where C denotes the combinatorial coeff. in the expansion of
r
r0

(1 + x)n.
C1 C C C ( 1)  x n  1  1
Q.7 C0 + x  2 x 2  3 x3   . n =x n
2 3 4 n 1 (n  1) x

22 23 211 311  1
Q.8 Prove that , 2 . C0 + . 1  .C2  .  C 10 
2 C.....................
3 . 11 11
n
Q.9 If (1+x)n = C r . xr then prove that ;
r0

22 . C 0 2 3 . C1 24 .C2 . 2n  2 C n 3n  2  2n  5
  .   
1. 2 2.3 34 . n  1) (n  2) (n  1) (n  2)
C0 C C 2n (
Q.10  2  4  .....  
1 3 5 n 1

C 0 C1 C 2 C 3 Cn 4 n . n!
Q.11     .....( )1 n 
1 5 9 13 4 n  1 1. 5 . 9 .13. 4n  3 4 n  1
........
n 1 ( )( )
C0 C C C C 1 n .2
Q.12  1  2  3  ........  n 
2 3 4 5 n  2 (n  1) (n  2)

C0 C C C Cn 1
Q.13  1  2  3  ..... ( )1 n. 
2 3 4 5 n  2 (n  1) (n  2)
C1 C 2 C 3 C 4 C 1 1 1 1
Q.14     .......  (  1) n  1 . n = 1     
1 2 3 4 n 2 3 4 n
Q.15 If (1+x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x² + ..... + Cn xn , then show that :
1
C1(1x) 
C2
(1x)² +
C3 1
(1x)3 ....+ (1)n1 (1x)n = (1x) +
1
(1x²) +
1 (1x3) +......+ (1xn)
2 3 n 2 3 n

Binomial [9]
 ( ) 1 n  1 n
Q.16 Prove that ,
1n 2 3
C1 nC2+ nC3
4 nC +
4 .. + . nCn=
1
2 3 4 5 n 1 n 1
n n n n
C0 C1 C2 n Cn n!
Q.17 If n  N ; show that    ... ( )1 
x x 1 x  2 x  n x (x  1) (x  2) .... (x  n )

(4 n  1)!
Q.18 Prove that , (2nC1)²+ 2 . (2nC2)² + 3 . (2nC3)² + ... + 2n . (2nC2n)² =
(2 n  1) !2
2n
Q.19 If (1 + x + x2)n =  ar xr , n  N , then prove that
r0

(r + 1) ar + 1 = (n  r) ar + (2n  r + 1) ar1. ( 0 < r < 2n)

C0 C1 C2 . ........
Q.20 Prove that the sum to (n + 1) terms of ( )  ( )( )  ( )( )  equals
n n 1 n 1 n  2 n2 n3
1

 xn1. (1 x)n+1 . dx & evaluate the integral.

0

EXERCISE–IV

10
Q.1 The sum of the rational terms in the expansion of  2  31/ 5  is ___ . [JEE ’97, 2]
n n
1 r
Q.2 If an =  n , then  n equals [JEE’98, 2]
r0 C r C r 0 r
(A) (n1)an (B) n an (C) n an / 2 (D) None of these
3 5 9 15 23 . .......
Q.3 Find the sum of the series !  !  !  !  !   [REE ’98, 6]
1 2 3 4 5
Q.4 If in the expansion of (1 + x)m (1  x)n, the co-efficients of x and x2 are 3 and  6 respectively, then
m is : [JEE '99, 2 (Out of 200)]
(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) 24

 n  n   n 
Q.5(i) For 2  r  n ,   + 2   +   =
 r  r  1  r  2

 n  1  n  1  n  2  n  2
(A)   (B) 2   (C) 2   (D)  
 r  1  r  1  r   r 

a
(ii) In the binomial expansion of (a  b)n , n  5 , the sum of the 5th and 6th terms is zero . Then equals:
b
[ JEE '2000 (Screening) , 1 + 1 ]
n5 n4 5 6
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 5 n4 n5

Binomial [10]
  n
Q.6 For any positive integers m , n (with n  m) , let   = nCm . Prove that
 m
 n  n  1  n  2  + ........ +    n  1
  +   +     =  
 m  m   m   m  m  1
Hence or otherwise prove that , m
2 m
 n  n  1   n   + ........ + (n  m + 1)    n2
  + 2   + 3    m =   .
 m  m   m     m  2
[ JEE '2000 (Mains), 6 ]
Q.7 Find the largest co-efficient in the expansion of (1 + x) n , given that the sum of
co-efficients of the terms in its expansion is 4096 . [ REE '2000 (Mains) ]
a
Q.8 In the binomial expansion of (a – b)n, n > 5, the sum of the 5th and 6th terms is zero. Then equals
b
n5 n4 5 6
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 5 n4 n5
[ JEE '2001 (Screening), 3]
Q.9 Find the coeffcient of x49 in the polynomial [ REE '2001 (Mains) , 3 ]
 C   2 C   2 C   2 C 
 x  1   x  2  2   x  3  3  ..................  x  50  50  where Cr = 50Cr .
 C0   C1   C2   C 49 
m
Q.10 The sum    ,
10 20
i m i (where   = 0 if P < q ) is maximum when m is
p
q
i 0
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20
[ JEE '2002 (Screening) , 3 ]
Q.11(a) Coefficient of t24 2 12 12 24
in the expansion of (1+ t ) (1 + t ) (1 + t ) is
(A) 12C6 + 2 (B) 12C6 + 1 (C) 12C6 (D) none
[JEE 2003, Screening 3 out of 60]
 n  n   n  n  1    n  2   n  n  K    n 
(b) Prove that : 2K .  0  K  – 2K–1 1  K  1 + 2K–2   K  2   K  0   K  .
       2       
n K
...... (–1)
[JEE 2003, Mains-2 out of 60]
Q.12 n–1Cr = (K2 – 3).nCr+1, if K 
(A) [– 3 , 3] (B) (–, – 2) (C) (2, ) (D) ( 3 , 2]
[JEE 2004 (Screening)]


 30   30   30   30   30   12   30   30  n
Q.13 The value of  0   10  –  1   11  +  2  30   20  30  is, where  r  = nCr.
           . ................
 +    

30  30   60   31
(A)  10  (B)  15  (C)  30  (D) 10 
       
[JEE 2005 (Screening)]

Binomial [11]
 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE–I (A)
11C a6 a5 5
Q 1. (i) 5 5 (ii) 11C6 6 (iii) ab = 1 Q 2. r = 6 Q 3. r = 5 or 9 Q 4. (a) (b) T6 =7
b b 12

Q 5.
2 mn

1
Q 7. (i) 3n (ii) 1, (iii) an Q 9. x = 0 or 1 Q 10. x = 0 or 2
2  1 2 
n mn

5
Q 11. (a)10150 (Prove that 10150  9950 = 10050 + some +ive qty) Q 12. 1 +  11C2k . 2kCk 7k
k1

7.313 17
Q 14. (i) 990 (ii) 3660 Q 15. (i) T7 = (ii) 455 x 312 Q 18.
2 54
Q.19 T8 Q.20 n = 2 or 3 or 4
n2  n  2
Q.24 (a)
2
Q 25. (a) 84b c + 630ab4c4 + 756a2b2c5 + 84a3c6
6 3 ; (b) 1260 . a2b3c4 ; (c) 12600
5 20 nk
Q 28. nCr (3nr  2nr) Q 29. (a) n = 12 (b) <x< Q.32
8 21 n
Q 34. (a) Hint : Add 1 to both sides & compare the RHS series with the expansion (1+y)n
to get n & y (b) 4

EXERCISE–I(B)
Q.4 1
EXERCISE–III (B)
Q 1. divide expansion of (1+x)15 both sides by x & diff. w.r.t.x , put x = 1 to get 212993
np
Q 2. Differentiate the given expn. & put x = 1 to get the result (p+1)n
2
Q 9. Integrate the expn. of (1 + x)n. Determine the value of constant of integration by putting x = 0.
Integrate the result again between 0 & 2 to get the result.
1
Q 10. Consider [(1+x)n + (1x)n] = C0 + C2x² + C4x4 + ..... Integrate between 0 & 1.
2
Q 12. Multiply both sides by x the expn. (1+x)n . Integrate both sides between 0 & 1.
(1  x ) n  1
Q 14. Note that =  C1+ C2x  C3x² +....+ Cn. xn1 . Integrate between 1 & 0
x

Q 20. (n  1)! (n  1)!

(2 n  1)!
EXERCISE–IV
Q.1 41 Q.2 C Q.3 4e  3 Q.4 C Q.5 (i) D (ii) B
Q.7 12C6 Q.8 B Q.9 – 22100 Q.10 C
Q.11 (a) A Q.12 D Q.13 A

Binomial [12]