Module 2 A History Of The Philippine Literature (Week 3)
Pre-Assessment:
Read each question carefully, and then select the letter that corresponds to your answer and write it on the space provided before each
number.
________B________ 1. The period of time before colonization of a region or territory.
a) Colonial c) Post-Colonial
b) Pre-Colonial d) Pre-history
________C_______ 2. This period in Philippine Literature is based on oral traditions. During this time, folk songs, epics, narratives and
sung narratives were popular which are passed on from generation to generation.
a) Spanish Colonization Period
b) American Colonial Period
c) Pre-Colonial Period
d) Philippine Literature under the Republic
________D_______ 3. Which of the following is true about the Philippine pre-colonial texts?
a) Most of the pre-colonial dramas were held in the simbahan or places of worship
b) They revolve around the illiteracy of early Filipinos.
c) Only the concept of death is used as subject for narratives.
d) All of the above
________B_______ 4. Literature during this period has two distinct classifications: religious and secular. This epoch produces a body
of literature made by writers in the Spanish language.
a) Pre-Colonial Period
b) Spanish Colonization Period
c) Philippine Literature after EDSA
d) Philippine Literature in the 21st Century
________C_______ 5. It was a literary and cultural organization formed in 1872 by Filipino emigrants who had settled in Europe.
Composed of Filipino liberals exiled in 1872 and students attending Europe’s universities, the organization aimed to increase Spanish
awareness of the needs of its colony, the Philippines, and to propagate a closer relationship between the colony and Spain.
a) Pre-Colonial Period
b) American Colonial Period
c) Propaganda Movement
d) Philippine Literature during Martial law
_______B________ 6. During this period of Philippine Literature, English was introduced to mainstream schools throughout the
country. Some literary influences which had an impact on Philippine literature, include free verse poetry, short story telling and romantic
novels.
a) Pre-Colonial Period
b) American Colonial Period
c) Propaganda Movement
d) Philippine Literature during Martial law
________D_______ 7. Which of the following is not a time frame in our literary history during the American Colonial Period?
a) The period of Re-Orientation
b) The Period of Imitation
c) The Period of Self-Discovery and Growth
d) The Period of Activism
_______C________ 8. Philippine Literature in Tagalog was revived during this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese
brutalities, of the poverty of life under the Japanese government and the brave guerilla exploits.
a) Spanish Colonial Period
b) American Colonial Period
c) Japanese Colonial Period
d) Literature under the Republic
________C_______ 9. In this period in our history, many young people became activists to ask for changes in the government. In the
expression of this desire for change, keen were the writings of some youth who were fired with nationalism in order to emphasize the
importance of their petitions.
a) Pre-Colonial Period
b) American Colonial Period
c) Propaganda Movement
d) Philippine Literature during Martial law
________A_______ 10. Following the downfall of the Marcos in 1986, the Philippine literary period emerged. Poetry, prose and short
stories remain popular, but writing has become more competitive and professional throughout the country. Writers are encouraged to
attend workshops, and literary awards ceremonies are held each year.
a) Philippine Literature during Martial law
b) Philippine Literature after EDSA
c) Philippine Literature in the 21st century
d) Philippine Literature under the Republic
Post-Assessment:
Can you identify these 21st century literary forms? Use the table provided to define he literary form and provide examples.
Literary Form Definition Examples
1. Bugtong A riddle is a statement, question or phrase having Heto na ang magkapatid, nag-uunahang
a double or veiled meaning, put forth as pumanhik.
a puzzle to be solved. Riddles are of two Sagot: Mga paa
types: enigmas, which are problems generally
expressed in metaphorical or allegorical language
that require ingenuity and careful thinking for their
solution, and conundra, which are questions
relying for their effects on punning in either the
question or the answer.
2. Tanaga The Tanaga is an indigenous type of Filipino Hindi pa ba sapat na
poem, that is used traditionally in the Tagalog Pagmamahal na sobra
language. The modern tanaga is used in a variety Ba’t ngayo’y lilisan ka
of Philippine languages and English due to Mayroon na bang iba?
popularity in the 20th century. Its usage declined
in the later half of the 20th century, but was
revived through a collectivity of Filipino artists in
the 21st century. The poetic art uses four lines,
each line having seven syllables only. The art
exemplifies teachings, idioms, feelings, and ways
of life. It contains many figures of speech.
3. Ambahan a rhythmic poetic expression with a meter of kawayan sa marigit
seven lines of syllables and with closing rhythmic pag tanaw ko, palapit
syllables. It is usually presented as a song without labong pa syang kay liit
a specific musical tone or the accompaniment of nang daanan ko pabalik
musical instruments. siksikan mga tinik
mainam ng pang-sahig
4. Duplo
5. Harana
6. Pasyon
7. Awit
8. Korido
9. Zarzuela
10. Cenakulo
