Barablend - 665 LCM Standard Field Application Procedure: Baroid
Barablend - 665 LCM Standard Field Application Procedure: Baroid
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27Apr 2016 Mixing Table update Sharath
03 Savari
ORIGINATOR CLIENT
DOCUMENT
TITLE
BaraBlend®-665 LCM Standard Field Application Procedure
DOCUMENT NO. - - - -
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Table of Contents
1. Overview ............................................................................................................................. 5
2. Recommended BaraBlend-665 LCM Applications .............................................................. 5
3. BaraBlend-665 LCM Treatment Volume, Mixing Fluid, Density and Concentration .......... 5
4. BaraBlend-665 LCM General Mixing Procedure ................................................................. 7
5. BaraBlend-665 LCM Special Risk Assessment..................................................................... 8
6. A Typical BaraBlend-665 Squeeze Pill Pumping Procedure ................................................ 9
7. Possible Failure Causes for BaraBlend-665 Squeeze Pills ................................................. 15
8. Limitations for BaraBlend-665 Squeeze Pills .................................................................... 15
9. Additional Notes ............................................................................................................... 15
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1. Overview
BaraBlend®-665 is a high fluid loss lost circulation material (LCM) uniquely and efficiently
enhanced by the “one size fits many” BaraLock®-666 LCMs for sealing small and large unknown
fracture widths, etc. BaraBlend-665 contains BaraLock-666.F LCM and is designed to seal
fractures up to 3mm wide. Inside a fracture, BaraLock-666 LCM can fit efficiently and form a
filtration bed on which a long and strong filter-cake plug can quickly form by dewatering the
BaraBlend-665 high fluid loss slurry. Such a filter plug can easily hold a pressure differential of
several thousand psi. When larger BaraLock-666 LCM are incorporated into the BaraBlend-665
slurry according to its mixing table, BaraBlend-665 LCM sealing capacity then is extended to the
maximum size of the BaraLock-666 LCM added.
When a lost circulation material treatment does not stop the mud loss, consideration should be
given to the following:
Were the type and sizes of particulate material appropriate for the loss conditions?
Did the treatment have sufficient volume/concentration of material?
Was the lost circulation material applied to the proper location?
When drilling in lost circulation prone areas, it is recommended to run a BHA bypass tool (e.g.,
PBL Sub) in the drillstring. This equipment can be opened/closed multiple times and allows the
pumping of large lost circulation material without plugging bit nozzles or small clearances in the
BHA. This also insures that restrictions from the tool supplier on the size and amount of LCM
that can be pumped through their downhole tools can be overcome.
BaraBlend-665 LCM is good for sealing fractures (natural or induced) or small vugs up to the
size of the BaraLock-666 selected. It is suitable for the following.
1) Squeeze pills to cure severe or total losses.
a. Sealing fractures up to the size of the selected BaraLock-666
2) Squeeze pills to strengthen a wellbore for higher wellbore pressure containment.
a. In either permeable or impermeable formations
b. Squeeze to the pressure to be contained
3) Squeeze pills to repair a leaky shoe.
BaraBlend-665 LCM can be mixed only in a clear base fluid such as diesel, synthetic oil or
water for its required high fluid loss. WATER IS PREFERRED, for best performance. BaraBlend-
665 should not be mixed in any drilling fluid. Furthermore, due to the lime contained in its
formulation for soapification reactions, BaraBlend-665 LCMM must not be mixed with any ester
based oil such as vegetable oil. When a base oil is to be used for the mixing, a pilot test should
be done to check on the compatibilty due to the lime cointained. BaraBlend-665 LCM may not
be used for a well drilled with water based mud not compatible with lime. Specifically, if a well
is drilled with water based mud that has an abnormal level of the low gravity solid content,
BaraBlend-665 may not be used. The lime can flocculate the mud with the abnormal levels
(high) of low gravity solid content. BaraBlend-665 LCM can be easily mixed in water or diesel.
Freshwater is preferred as the mixing fluid if there is no other concerns. However, salt water
or seawater can also be used. If foaming is observed during mixing with water, a quart of
antifoam for WBM normally can help.
BaraBlend-665 LCM is typically weighted to the same density as the mud in the hole.
BaraBlend-665 LCM formulation contains suspending agents. Its suspending capability can be
activated by the shearing energy from the mixing. However, excessive shear can shred
BaraLock-666 added and destroy this suspending capability. Please further refer to section 4
point (9) below for this concern. After being mixed through a hopper according to the following
mixing instructions (including Table 1), BaraBlend-665 slurry can be weighted with barite. Dry
BaraBlend-665 LCM has an average true density close to 2.5 g/cm3 if calculation is needed. It
contains BaraLock-666.F LCM and designed to be able to seal up to a 3 mm wide slot.
Alternatively, these larger BaraLock-666 LCM can be added in mud to be pumped ahead of a
BaraBlend-665 base pill. A BaraLock-666 mud pill can be 30~50 bbl at the same concentrations
of BaraLock-666.M or BaraLock-666.C LCM as recommended in Table 1.
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Risk/Opportunity
ID Event Description/Impact Elimination, Substitution, Mitigants
Name
Contaminating mud BaraBlend-665 LCM is not Dispose of the leftover returned to
by leftovers a drilling fluid. Too much surface during clean-up. Perform
BaraBlend-665 LCM mixed contamination test at the rig site
with mud may affect mud before pumping BaraBlend-665 LCM
properties and/or mud if concerned.
performance. It may
increase the fluid loss of a
water based mud due to
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its diatomaceous earth
component. It may also
affect the rheology of a
water based mud with a
high LGS content due to its
lime component.
BaraBlend-665 LCM
affects OBM very little.
There are several important aspects to be considered for an appropriate pumping procedure:
i. The potential BaraBlend-665 LCM lost into formations during its placement. In other
words, whether it is a severe loss or minor loss. In a wellbore strengthening scenario, a
wellbore may not lose any fluid when BaraBlend-665 LCM is placed in the relatively
weak zone.
ii. The drill string restrictions such as BHA or a by-pass tool such as a PBL-Sub or Well
Commander. Pumping all the slurry out of drillpipe continuously at a high rate and
leaving no slury across a potential flow restriction after the pump is stopped is
necessary to clear the drillpipe.
iii. Whether the annulus fluid is full or not. When it is not full, whether the fluid level is
known.
Review Section 5 “BaraBlend-665 Special Risk Assessment” first. Prepare for pumping
BaraBlend-665.
o Pressure
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• Define the pump pressure equivalent to the target wellbore strength, P target for
the final squeeze pressure.
• Define the pump pressure limit, Plimit, based on a weak zone second to the loss
zone. A typical such zone is the previous casing shoe.
• Compare Ptarget and Plimit and choose the smaller one as the final Ptarget.
o Rate
• If the highest pump rate permitted, Rlimit, is uncertain, close the annulus to
perform an injectivity test to define the correlation of injection pressure and
rates from small to large (such as 1, 3, 5, 7 bpm) but make sure the injection
pressure is below Plimit. Define the highest pump rate Rlimit as the pump rate
corresponding to Plimit.
• Define a preferred high pump rate from between 2 and Rlimit for pumping the pill,
typically 5 bpm.
• If total losses, then you may pump at highest pump rate at which the mud was
lost.
I. Position the Drill String as Defined and Select an Appropriate Squeeze Method
Typical applications include curing severe to total mud losses or strengthening a weak
wellbore.
Choose the one from the following so that all conditions are met. Please also consider
Method 2 before making your decision.
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Squeeze Conditions Drill String Configurations Drill String Configuration Illustration
Method
No.
1) Loss Rate
Low or High
2) Open
Ended
Inject in then Squeeze
Drillpipe
Place the end of DP at the
3) Drillpipe
2 top of the loss zone
can contain
all
BaraBlend-
665
4) Full
Annulus to
BOP
1) Loss Rate is
Incremental Pumping-in & Squeeze
High
2) Open
ended
Drillpipe
Place the end of DP at the
3
bottom of the loss zone
3) Annulus is
not full to
BOP and
the fluid
level is
unknown
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Squeeze Conditions Drill String Configurations Drill String Configuration Illustration
Method
No.
1) Loss Rate is
High
Place the exit (such as bit
nozzles or PBL-Sub) of DP
2) DP
high enough to ensure the
Restrictions
wellbore volume(the hole
4 below the exit but above
3) Annulus is
the top of the loss zone)
not full to
can contain the DP mud
BOP and
and all the BaraBlend-665
the fluid
slurry
level is
unknown
a. Initialize the Seal (Set the BaraLock-666 LCMs in fractures and initialize a seal)*
1) Pump BaraBlend-665 LCM into drillpipe at 5 BPM.
2) Close the annulus before the pill is displaced in to the BHA/Treating Sub.
3) At as high a pump rate permitted, such as 5 bpm, inject 20 bbl BaraBlend-665 LCM
into the fractures. If the pressure approaches the pressure limit, P limit, during this
period, reduce the pump rate slightly to drop the pressure below the pressure limit,
Plimit.
4) Shut down the pump and wait for 20 min. Monitor the pressure fall-off.
5) At as high a pump rate permitted, such as 5 bpm, inject 10 bbl BaraBlend-665 into
the fractures. If the pressure approaches the pressure limit, P limit, during this period,
reduce the pump slightly to maintain the pressure below the pressure limit, Plimit.
6) Shut down the pump and wait for 20 min. Monitor the pressure fall-off.
7) At as high a pump rate permitted, such as 5 bpm, inject 5 bbl BaraBlend-665 into the
fractures. If the pressure approaches the pressure limit, Plimit, during this period,
reduce the pump slightly to maintain the pressure below the pressure limit, P limit.
8) Shut down the pump and wait for 20 min. Monitor the pressure fall-off.
9) If Drillpipe is in the loss zone, pull up out of the BaraBlend-665.
10) If annulus is still not full, pump enough mud to fill it
*Note: Alternatively, if larger BaraLock-666 LCMs are pumped as a mud pill ahead of the
BaraBlend-665 pill, make sure all the BaraLock-666 mud pill has been pumped into formations
in this Step a in such as 20, 10 and 5 bbl followed by 10 min waiting each time. Then skip Step a
9) and 10) and continue to follow Step b.
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b. Grow the Seal by Hesitation Squeeze
1) When the annulus is closed, pump at 0.5~1.0 bpm for 2 bbl or 50~100 psi whichever
comes first, shut down the pump and wait for 10~15 min or till the pressure fall-off
is basically flat or unchanging.
2) Repeat the above (Step b. 1)) as many times as needed to increase the pressure
toward the Ptarget.
3) Once Ptarget is reached, shut down the pump and wait for 2 hours. (Optional: During
the 2-hour waiting, pumping in small volumes to maintain the pressure at the P target
level.)
4) Bleed off pressure and open the annulus.
c. Clean up
1) Ream through the loss zone with drill bit at 100~200 ft/hr with mud circulation.
Monitor WOB to detect the plug location inside the wellbore.
2) Pressure-test the hole if needed.
This method is NOT suitable for adding the larger BaraLock-666 LCMs in mud to be pumped
ahead of the BaraBlend-665 pill. Typical applications include squeezing an induced fracture
for a higher wellbore strength at the shoe or a weak zone.
Make sure the following conditions are met before you choose this method.
2) Annulus is
Place the end of DP
full to
50 ft below the
BOP
bottom of the loss
Circulate as a
zone if there is further
1 Balanced Plug 3) Mud loss
openhole below the
then Squeeze is small
loss zone bottom
during
otherwise at bottom.
placing
BaraBlend
-665
4) Injection
pressure
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would be
too high
even at
low rates
of 0~2
bpm
(hence
circulate)
a. Initialize the Seal (Set the BaraLock-666 LCMs in fractures and initialize a seal)
1) Pump BaraBlend-665 LCM into drillpipe at ~5 BPM or higher.
2) Displace BaraBlend-665 LCM at ~5 bpm or higher into openhole annulus across the
loss zone for a balanced plug.
3) Pull out of the plug and position the DP above the pill.
4) Close the annulus.
5) At as high a pump rate permitted, such as 5 bpm, inject 20 bbl BaraBlend-665 LCM
into the fractures. If the pressure approaches the pressure limit, P limit, during this
period, reduce the pump slightly to maintain the pressure below the pressure limit,
Plimit.
6) Shut down the pump and wait for 20 min. Monitor the pressure fall-off.
7) At as high a pump rate permitted,such as 5 bpm, inject 10 bbl BaraBlend-665 into
the fractures. If the pressure approaches the pressure limit, P limit, during this period,
reduce the pump slightly to maintain the pressure below the pressure limit, Plimit.
8) Shut down the pump and wait for 20 min. Monitor the pressure fall-off.
9) At as high a pump rate permitted ,such as 5 bpm, inject 5 bbl BaraBlend-665 into
the fractures. If the pressure approaches the pressure limit, Plimit, during this period,
reduce the pump slightly to maintain the pressure below the pressure limit, P limit.
10) Shut down the pump and wait for 20 min. Monitor the pressure fall-off.
11) If Drillpipe is in the loss zone, pull up out of the BaraBlend-665 LCM.
12) If annulus is still not full, pump enough mud to fill it up.
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c. Clean up
3) Ream through the loss zone with drill bit at 100~200 ft/hr with mud circulation.
Monitor WOB to detect the plug location inside the wellbore.
4) Pressure-test the hole if needed.
9. Additional Notes
Do not hurry to build squeeze pressure; patience and time are necessary to obtain a
successful squeeze.
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Do not mix weighted slurry too far in advance of using it; all weighted fluids are subject
to barite settling over time.
Use a low pressure gauge to accurately measure squeeze pressure; if possible, rig-up
equipment so that drill pipe and casing pressures can be monitored easily and precisely.
No special equipment is needed to pump the slurries. The slurry can be mixed in a mud
pit and pumped with rig pumps. However, the pit has to be free of mud to ensure the
high fluid loss property of BaraBlend-665 LCM is not compromised.
Knowing the loss zone location is important. Attempt to accurately determine the
location of the loss zone, to increase the chances for obtaining a successful squeeze
(temperature log and/or MWD). Sweep pill applications of BaraShield-664 LCM can help
to locate the loss zone location.
Always have a sufficient quantity of material on location for additional squeeze
procedures.
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