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NORTH CENTRAL MINDANAO COLLEGE
Maranding, Lala, Lanao del Norte
COLLEGE OFARTS AND SCIENCES
Department of Arts and Sciences
PATH FIT:1Movement Competency Training
1 st Semester of A.Y. 2020 -2021
Topic
PATH FIT 1COURSE MODULE
Physical Education and its Development
Rationale
This lesson discusses about the concept of Physical Education and its development and how
these help the students to be developed holistically.
Intended Learning Outcomes
ILO 1: Associate the concepts of Physical education and Its development.
Activity /Activities
Think – pair – Share, Discussion , Online Quiz
Discussion
INTRODUCTION
Physical Education instruction in various kinds of physical activity promotes the physical
development and well – being of the individual. Physical education is generally taught from pre –
school, elementary, secondary and college levels. It is a course in the curriculum which utilizes the
learning medium of large muscles activities in a play or movement exploration setting such as
organized sports, gymnastics, dance, aquatics and calisthenics.
Physical Education aims to help students develop skills and good habits. It assists in developing
skilled, smart, happy, competent and intelligent individuals. It refers to the enhancement of the individual’s
growth and development through total body movements.
The informal nature of the activities in physical education class provides relaxation and relief from strains
and tensions. Physical education activities teach students to work as part of a team or as individuals in a wide
variety of play – like and competitive activities. It provides opportunities for socialization as well as for the
development of the mental capacities of the individual.
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In general, Physical Education is learning a proper body movement to develop the physical, mental,
emotional, social and spiritual aspects of an individual through well – selected physical activities.
Meaning of Physical Education
Physical Education came from the Latin words “physica”, meaning physics and “education”,
meaning the training of the bodily organs and powers with a view to the promotion of hearts and vigor
(Internet Wikipedia, 2004).
Physical Education is an integral part of the educational program designed to promote the optimum
development of an individual physically, mentally, socially, and emotionally through total body movement in
the performance of properly selected physical activities (Andin, 1988).
Physical Education is an educational process that aims to improve the performance and enhancement
of human development physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially through proper selected activities.
Physical Education does not focus only on the physical outcomes as a result of varied activities but also on
the development and acquisition of knowledge and attitudes conducive to lifelong learning and lifespan
participations. It is also concerned with the promotion of active lifestyles for people of all ages. Through
active participation in the properly selected physical education activities, students will develop good
health and maintain their high level of physical fitness that enables them to enjoy good life.
Objectives of Physical Education
Physical Education as part of the educational system strives to help or facilitate the
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development of the potentialities of the individual so that he can attain total fitness that enable him to
PATH FITCOURSE
enjoy a good and useful life. It includes the acquisition and refinement of motor skills as well as develops
and maintains fitness for optimal health and well – being.
The objectives of physical education are focused on the acquisition of those skills through the
following aspects of development:
A. Physical Development
Focus is on the acquisition and development of physical skills which can increase one’s capability to
enjoy lifetime recreational pursuit. This is attained through regular exercises and participation in
varied vigorous activities.
Regular physical activity and good physical fitness help enhance the quality of life in many ways.
Physical fitness and exercise can helps keep body fat levels in normal ranges and is responsible for
muscle development that can improve one’s perception of self.
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Physical Development and Movement is about experiencing and developing a range of fundamental
movement skills that will improve co-ordination, locomotion, control, balance, and manipulation. In
addition, physical development helps children gain confidence and self-esteem and enables them to
feel the benefits of being healthy and active.
Physical Development refers to the advancements and requirements of motor skills, or in other
words, person’s abilities to use and control their bodies. It needs to the growth ans skill development
of the body including the brain, muscles, and senses.
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Gross - motor Skills
- involve the mastery of large muscle movements, as well as the building of strength in
muscle groups like the arms, legs, and core.
Fine - motor Skills
- involve smaller, more precise movements, particularly movements of the hands and fingers.
There are physical benefits if we regularly do healthy physical activities;
1. Weight management The most prominent benefit of exercising is that it helps with weight
management. Exercising increases our caloric expenditure, which helps us lose weight or
maintain our ideal weight. Regular exercise also helps to optimize your metabolic rate, which
makes weight management a much simpler affair.
2. Bone and muscle health Exercising makes your body physically stronger because it builds
bone and muscle strength. Stronger bones contribute to better balance which means greater stability and
fewer injuries, while stronger muscles contribute to general fitness in carrying out daily activities like
climbing the stairs or carrying groceries. There's no need to be averse to actively building muscle; a
bodybuilder's physique requires years of very specific training and nutrition. Instead, holistic strength
training will ensure that your body's muscles remain functionally healthy in the years to come!
3. Relieve from physical pains
Exercise provides rehabilitation for chronic pains such as lower back pain. The right kind of exercise
can be a good form of physiotherapy for stubborn aches or long-term injuries. However, be sure to
consult a specialist to recommend the ideal workout before you start exercising.
4. Protection against health conditions
Beyond making you physically stronger, exercise also keeps your body healthier by reducing the risk
of developing chronic diseases. By helping with weight management, exercise also keeps obesity-
related diseases like diabetes and heart disease at bay. Regular exercise also keeps your blood sugar
and insulin levels at healthy levels.
5. Younger, healthier skin
The post-exercise glow is a real thing – exercise benefits your skin and makes it look more youthful
by triggering the production of anti-oxidants. These anti-oxidants repair skin cell damage and
stimulate blood flow, improving skin health.
7. Energy level boost
The rush of hormones from a good exercise session is a significant energy booster that helps you
fight through fatigue and stay more focused. This energy boost is especially helpful for people suffering
from chronic fatigue or health conditions that affect energy levels.
9. More quality sleep
Exercise helps you sleep better at night and fights insomnia by making sure you are
sufficiently tired come bedtime. Furthermore, the stress-relieving effect of exercise helps your mind and
body relaxed so negative thoughts don’t keep you awake for hours at night. Exercise also helps to
regulate your body’s circadian rhythm. The heating up of your core body temperature during exercise
allows your body to cool down significantly by bedtime, promoting restful sleep.
B. Mental Development
It is also known as cognitive development. It is basically the construction of mind activity such as
through processes, memory, problem solving and decision making as well as over all intelligence.
Through physical education activities, the learners acquire knowledge and understanding of rules
and strategies of the games, sports and dance instructions. Varied activities in physical education help
the students develop their ability to analyze body movements, skills and game situations.
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The Benefits of Physical Activity for Mental Development
1. Boosts Brainpower and Cognitive Ability
When you engage in physical activity, the flow of blood to the brain increases. This greater flow of
blood to the brain assists in the creation of new brain cells, which helps to improve the overall brain
performance. It enhances the brain function, concentration, memory, thinking and cognitive skills,
which are all vital for a child’s development.
2. Enhances Academic Learning
Research has shown that there is a positive correlation between a child’s performance in school and
their level of physical fitness, illustrating that those who regularly exercise have a better ability to
learn new things and are likely to perform better in school. Physical activity increases levels of a
brain-derived protein, which improves focus, concentration and decision making. This has a positive
impact on a child’s motivation, learning and productivity in school.
3. Elevates Mood and Reduces Anxiety
When you exercise, the body releases chemicals called endorphins. These endorphins are otherwise
known as “feel good” hormones because they can lift your mood. Children may experience
reductions in stress and anxiety when they engage in physical activity because the endorphins help to
moderate the brain’s response to stress and elevate your mood. When a child’s overall health and
fitness improves, it also helps to boost their self-esteem and gives them a sense of accomplishment
and positivity.
4. Enhances Creativity
Physical activity stimulates the brain activity, which helps to spark creative juices and overcome
mental blocks. When children exercise, it can release bursts of creative thinking and enhance
imagination. So when children have completed some form of physical activity, it would be beneficial
to engage them in a creative activity, such as arts and crafts or creative writing, in the two hours
succeeding it.
C. Emotional Development
According to Goleman [1], emotional intelligence (EI) is a person’s inherent ability to control and self-
regulate one’s feelings, to know the emotions of others, and to use emotions and feeling as a beacon
of one’s actions and thoughts. Bar-On [2], define EI as the ability or capacity to perceive, integrate,
understand, and manage emotions that have to do with the understanding of oneself and others, and
to face different demands more successfully.
Physical education activities provide opportunities for self – expression and emotional mastery.
People who have more positive feeling about physical activities are said to have positive feeling
about physical activities are said to have positive balance of feelings. A positive balance of feeling
increase the chances that a person will develop self – confidence, self – reliance and self – control.
Positive character traits like courage and discipline are most likely to become part of an individual’s
life.
Emotional development refers to the ability to recognize, express, and manage feelings at different
stages of life and to have empathy for the feelings of others. The development of these emotions,
which include both positive and negative emotions, is largely affected by relationships with parents,
siblings, and peers.
Emotional Benefits of Physical Activity or Exercise
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1. Eases anxiety
Exercise or physical activity often leads to the relaxation of the brain by calming down
the brains hyperactive neurons thus leading to relaxation enabling the individual to focus on better
things other than things which give them anxiety.
2. Helps with depression
Exercising has the ability to ease your depression by helping you take the mind of your worries.
It also helps increase the amount of the feel-good hormone known as endorphin making you a happy
person. Don’t let depression take over your life today exercise it away.
3. Reduces stress
It does so by stimulating the release of norepinephrine which helps improve your mood and
lets you keep the events which led to the stress behind you. It also triggers the release of hormones
like endorphin which lets you be happy again and at the same time helps you break the chain of stress
by focusing on the activity you are partaking.
4. Improves self-esteem
Physical activity helps better your self-image. For instance, if you had self-esteem issues
because of those extra kilos hitting the gym or indulging in any form of exercise will help you get rid
of them and thus you’ll start feeling better about yourself. This often comes as a double package
because improved self-esteem means more confidence in being in your skin.
D. Social Development
Physical activity often promotes the opportunity to be with other people. It is in this social experience
that many appreciate the importance of physical education activities. Through active participation in
the activities, positive and desirable traits are developed like cooperation, sportsmanship,
friendliness, good leadership, respect for others and honesty in group competition.
Physical Education is one of the rare classes where social skills are an integral part of the daily
lesson. Students are moving around, they’re talking to others, they’re participating, they’re engaging,
communicating. And so all these social skills come into play every single class period.
Social Benefits through Physical Activities:
1) Sports allow you to re-connect with friends
Humans are social creatures. Most of us have not been able to see our friends during the last few
months, so exercising alongside them is a great way to reconnect, improve your physical and mental
health, and enjoy being outside in the summer sun! Why not ask a friend to play a game of tennis as a
fun way to catch up?
2) Promote social skills
Whether it’s playing with others as part of a basketball team or being in the company of people as
part of a walking group, engaging in physical activity helps to encourage social interaction. Many
young people find it difficult to step out of their comfort zone, but physical activities provide a
relaxed environment to form stronger relationships with others.
3) Meet new people
As we grow older, our opportunities to meet new people decrease. Take advantage of joining a
sporting team at your high school, university, or community centre to make new friends! Team sports
are an excellent way to help deter feelings of loneliness and belong to a community of like-minded
people.
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4) Develop teamwork skills
Playing a team sport helps you improve your communication skills by learning how to communicate
with others quickly and effectively. Playing sports is a great way to develop skills such as
cooperation and listening so that you can work with and learn from others.
5) Improve self-esteem
Participating in sports has been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Physical activities such
as dance and gymnastics provide an excellent opportunity for self-expression to help build your self-esteem.
Team sports allow people to integrate into their community, which fosters a sense of belonging that
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Assessment
PATH FIT 1 COURSE MODULE
Online Quiz and Reflection
Direction for Reflection: Write a reflection in learning about the importance of Physical Education and its
development and how it gives impact to our daily live as human being.Minimum of 3 paragraphs and pass it
through Quipper.
Resources
Dimapilis, Nenita J., Espeso, Lorna A., Isip, Ma. Luisa Gadilla, (2009). College P.E. 1
PHYSICAL FITNESS AND GYMNASTICS, MINDSHAPERS CO., INC., 61 Muralla St.,
Intramuros, Mla.
Jimenez, Jose Luiz Ubago, et.al, (2019). Development of Emotional Intelligence through
Physical Activity And Sport Practice.
Prepared By
Jocyn N. Nelmida
CAS, Faculty
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