Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION XII – SOCCSKSARGEN
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SOUTH COTABATO
SILWAY-8 NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BRGY. SILWAY-8, POLOMOLOK, SOUTH COTABATO
PRE-CALCULUS MODULE 1: CORRECTIONS
(𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 +(𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟕
|𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 + 𝑪|
𝒓=𝒅=
𝑨𝟐 + 𝑩𝟐
𝑿𝟏 + 𝑿𝟐 𝒀𝟏 + 𝒀 𝟐
𝑿𝒎 = 𝒀𝒎 =
𝟐 𝟐
Exercise B: Transform the given general +equation of a circle to its standard form.
1. Determine the standard equation of the given general equation of the circle
𝟏𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔𝒚𝟐 + 𝟗𝟔𝒙 − 𝟒𝟎𝒚 − 𝟑𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎.
Solution:
16𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 + 96𝑥 − 40𝑦 − 315 = 0.
Note that A should be equal to 1 𝐴 = 1 . Thus, divide the terms by 16 to obtain 𝐴 = 1.
16 2 16 96 40 315 0
𝑥 + 16 𝑦 2 + 16 𝑥 − 16 𝑦 − = 16
16 16
5 315
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 − 2 𝑦 − =0
16
Group the like terms on the left side of the equation and transpose the constant term on
its right.
5 315
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 𝑦 2 − 2 𝑦 = 16
Complete the square in x and y by adding square of the half of their coefficients of their
linear terms.
5 315
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + + 𝑦2 − 2 𝑦 + = 16
1 2 5 1 5 2 315 1 2 1 5 2
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 6 + 𝑦2 − 2 𝑦 + = + 6 +
2 2 2 16 2 2 2
5 25 315 25
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9 + 𝑦 2 − 2 𝑦 + 16 = + 9 + 16
16
Factor the resulting perfect square trinomial on the left side of the equation and simplify
the right side.
𝟐 𝟓 𝟐 𝟏𝟐𝟏
𝒙+𝟑 + 𝒚− = STANDARD EQUATION
𝟒 𝟒
Note that the standard equation of the circle is given by:
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 +(𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 with center C = (h,k) and radius = r.
5 11 5 11
Therefore, 𝒉 = −𝟑, 𝒌 = 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒓 = . Center 𝐶 = −3, 4 and radius 𝑟 = .
2 2
2. The equation of the circle is expressed as 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟒𝟔. Reduced its
equation into its standard form and sketch the graph.
Solution:
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 46
Since A=1, no need to divide the terms by A. Next, group the like terms.
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 +𝑦 2 +4𝑦 = 46
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Complete the square
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + +𝑦 2 +4𝑦 + = 46
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + −5 + 𝑦 2 +4𝑦 + 4 = 46 + −5 + 4
2 2 2 2
25 25
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 4 +𝑦 2 +4𝑦 + 4 = 46 + 4
+4
Factor the perfect square trinomial on the left side and simplify the right side.
𝟓 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐𝟐𝟓
𝒙− + 𝒚+𝟐 = STANDARD EQUATION
𝟐 𝟒
5 15
Therefore, ℎ = , 𝑘 = −2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 =
2 2
5 15
Center = , −2 and Radius =
2 2
3. Circle A is concentric with Circle B having an equation of 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟏𝟎𝒚 +
𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎. It’s a=25rea is 4 times than the area of Circle B. Find the standard
equation of Circle A.
Solution:
Note: Two circles are said to be concentric if they have the same center.
Center of Circle A = Center circle of Circle B
Area of Circle = 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
Area of Circle A = 4 times of the area of Circle B.
Transform the equation of Circle B into its standard form to determine its center
and radius.
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 8𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 16 = 0
Group like terms
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 = −16
Completing the square
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 + ( ) = −16
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 8 + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦+ 10 = −16 + (8) + 10
2 2 2 2
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + +16 + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 + 25 = −16 + 16 + 25
Factor the perfect square trinomial and simplify the right side.
(𝑥 − 4)2 +(𝑦 − 5)2 = 25, ℎ = 4, 𝑘 = 5, 𝑟 = 5
Circle B: C = (4,5) and r = 5. Note that the area of a circle is equal to
𝑨 = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 , so we have 𝑨 = 𝟓𝟐𝝅 = 𝟐𝟓𝝅.
Circle A: C = (4,5) (4) (Area of Circle B)
= 4 25𝜋
= 100𝜋, radius = 10
Therefore, the standard equation of Circle A is (𝒙 − 𝟒)𝟐 +(𝒚 − 𝟓)𝟐= 𝟏𝟎𝟎
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