NAME NUR SYAKIRAH BINTI MOHD ZUKRI CLASS 1DSH03
MATRIC NO MS2219205303
EXPERIMENT 2 Acid Base Titration –Determination of The Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid
Solution
OBJECTIVE 1. To prepare a standard solution of oxalic acid
2. To standardise 0.2M NaOH solution
3. To determine the concentration of HCl solution
4. To acquire the correct technique of titration
INTRODUCTION
1. Titration is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a
solution using another solution with a known concentration.
2. Standard solution is a a solution containing a precisely known concentration of
an element or a substance
3. A standard solution can be prepared by dissolving an accurately weighed pure
solid of a known molar mass in a known volume of distilled water.
4. A standard solution is used to determine the molarity of the other standard
solution, known as a secondary standard
5. Equivalence point is the point in titration at which the added titration reacts
completely with the electrolyte to stoichiometry
6. End point is the point at which the indicator changes colour
PROCEDURE A) Preparation of standard solution
1) 3.00g of hydrated acid,H2C204.2H20 was weighed in a 50 mL beaker
2) 20mL of distilled water was added approximately to dissolve the oxalic acid
3) The solution was transferred into a 250mL volumetric [Link] beaker was
rinsed and the content was poured into [Link] water was added into
volumetric flask.
4) The flask was stopered and shaken to obtain a homogeneous solution.
5) The concentration of the standard oxalic acid solution was calculated.
B) Standardisation of 2.0M NaOH solution
1) A burette is rinsed with a gram NaOH solution to be standardized.
2) The burette is filled with the NaOH [Link] there are no air bubbles
trapped at the tips
3) The initial burette reading is recorded to two decimal places
4) 25mL of oxalic acid solution is pipette from part(A) into 250ml conical
[Link] drops phenolphthalein is added to the oxalic acid solution.
5) A white tile is placed underneath the flask so that any colour change can be
clearly observed.
6) The acid is titrate with NaOH solution from [Link] the flask
continuously during titration.
7) The unreacted solution is rinsed at the inner wall of the conical flask with
distilled water.
8) Upon reaching the end point, a temporary pink solution appears but fades
when the solution is [Link] titrating until a pale pink colour
persists for more than 30 [Link] is end point.
9) The final burette reading is recorded to two decimal places.
10) Titration is repeated 3 times
11) The molarity of NaOH solution is calculated.
C) Determine the molar concentration of HCL solution
1)25mL of a given HCLsolution is pipette into a 250mL conical flask
2) Two drops of phenolphthalein is added
3) Steps 5 until 9 in part(B) is repeated
4) The concentration of HCL is calculate.
RESULTS Part A: Preparation of standard oxalic acid solution
I. Exact mass of hydrated oxalic acid,C2H204.2H20= 3.00g
II. Moles of hydrated oxalic acid,n=mass = 3.00g
Molar mass 126g/mol
III. Molarity of oxalic acid = nC2H204.2H20 = 0.0238mol = 0.0952M
Vsolution(L) 0.250L
Part B: Standardisationof 0.2M NaOH solution
Burette Gross I. II. III.
reading/mL
Final reading 44.50 24.00 47.50 23.50
Initial reading 20.0 0.00 23.00 0.00
Volume of 24.50 24.00 24.50 23.50
NaOH used/mL
Average volume of NaOH solution = I+II+III = 24.00+24.50+23.50
3 3
Calculate the molarity of the NaOH solution =
C2H2O4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) Na2C2O4 (aq) + 2H2O (I)
M A VA = n A = (0.0952)(25) =1
MBVB nB MB (24.00) 2
MB=0.1983M
Part C: Determination of the molar concentration of HCl solution
Burette Gross
reading/mL
Final reading 43.0
Initial reading 20.0
Volume of 23.0
NaOH used/mL
Average volume of NaOH solution = 23.0mL
Calculate the molarity of the HCl solution =
HCL (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl (aq) + 2H2O (I)
MAVA = nA = MA(25)
= 1
MBVB nB (0.1983)(23) 1
MA=0.1824M
DISCUSSION Error:
- Excess volume of distilled water was added to the volumetric flask during the
preparation of oxalic acid solution.
-Parallax errer at the burette/measuring cylinder
- Air bubble trapped in the burette tip
Precautions:
-Add the distilled water using a dropper when the oxalic acid solution nearly reached
the gradualed mask of volumetric flask.
-Take the bottom of the menisues that aligns with graduated mark at eye level.
-Remove the air bubbles in the burette tip
CONCLUSION 1) The standard solution of oxalic acid is 0.0952M
2) The concentration of NaOH solution is 0.1983M
3) The concentration of HCl solution is 0.1824M
