Republic of the Philippines
PRESIDENT RAMON MAGSAYSAY STATE UNIVERSITY
(Formerly Ramon Magsaysay Technological University)
Castillejos Campus
(subject)
Topic: MONGOL CONQUEST
Objective: Discuss the History of Mongols and their Rulers
Instructor: Ms. Beulah Doreen T. Cruz, LPT, MAED
Presenter: John Adrian s. Caoagdan
The Mongols
I. Background
A. The Mongols were nomads from the
eastern steppe (fields) in loosely
organized clans.
II. Unification
A. Around 1200, a clan leader named
Temujin defeated rival clan leaders to
unify the Mongols
B. In 1206, he accepted the title Genghis Khan, or “universal ruler.”
According to legend, Temujin was born with a
blood clot in his fist. In his lifetime, his hands
were covered with the blood of others. When
Temujin was about nine, the Tatars, a rival clan,
poisoned his father. When in manhood, he fought
and defeated the Tatars, slaughtering every male
taller than a cart axel.
He devotes himself to conquest. Mongols invades
China
The Mongol Empire eventually occupied a
substantial portion of Central Asia, Russia and
Middle East
III. The Mongol Empire
A. With fire and sword, Genghis Khan and his mongol warriors swept across Asia,
conquering empires and kingdoms.
B. Within a short span of 21 years, Genghis was able to establish the Mongol Empire which
included North China, Mongolia, Turkestan, Afghanistan, and North India. After his
death in 1227, his successors (Jagati, Ogotai, Tulu, Batu Khan, Mangu Khan, and Kublai
Khan) conquered more countries up to Russia.
IV. Batu Khan
A. Ogotai’s nephew,invaded and conquered Russia from 1237 to 1240;
B. founded the khanate of Russia in 1241.
C. For more than two centuries, Russia was under Mongol rule.
V. Hulagu
A. younger brother of Mangu Khan, defeated the Seljuk Turks in Iran and Mesopotamia and
founded the Khanate of Persia in 1258. Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan,
completed the conquest of the Chinese Empire and founded the Yuan Dynasty which
ruled China from 1280 to 1368.
VI. End of the Mongol Power
A. The once mighty Mongols, the terror of Asia and Europe, gradually declined and
vanished on the wings of time. The Khanate of Iran fell in 1335, followed by the collapse
of the Yuan Dynasty in China in 1368, the overthrow of the Khanate of Turkestan in
1370, and the disappearance of the Mongol rule in Russia in 1480.
VII. Tamerlane or Timur The Lame ( 1369-1405 )
A. a descendant of Genghis Khan, revived Mongol glory by conquering North India, Iran,
Mesopotamia, Armenia, and Asia Minor
B. In 1402, he defeated the Ottoman army
C. In 1526, more than a century after Tamerlane's death, his descendant named Babar
(Tiger) invaded India and he founded the Mogul Empire. The term Mogul is the Arab
word for Mongol or Tartar. This empire lasted for more than three centuries (1526-
1857).
D. Babar's brilliant grandson, Akbar the Great (1556-1605), proved to be one of India's
grandest monarchs.
E. The Mogul Empire collapsed in 1857 when British imperialists deposed the last
F. Mogul emperor.
VIII. The Mongols in History
A. The Mongols were among the great conquering nations in world history.
B. At the beginning they were no better than the barbarians who smashed the Roman
Empire in the West. They were really barbaric and ruthless, for they devastated the
countries they conquered
C. In time, however, the Mongols acquired the influence of the vanquished nations, which
guided them into the paths of civilization. In spite of their brutal customs, they
possessed certain virtues, such as generosity to a brave foe, loyalty to a friend, a high
standard of morality, hospitality to strangers, and tolerance.
IX. Genghis Khan
A. who was usually portrayed by Western historians as a barbarian, had certain sterling
merits. He was a lawgiver,
B. He promulgated the Yassa (Mongol Code of Law) for all peoples and races within his
vast empire. The first law of the Yassa revealed the influence of Nestorian Christianity.
It reads as follows: "It is ordered that all men should believe in One God, creator of
heaven and earth, sole giver of goods and property, of life and death, as pleases Him
whose power over all things is absolute."
C. Although the Mongols were barbaric in war, they were hospitable, friendly, and tolerant
in times of peace. Europeans who visited the Mongol court were all warmly received by
Mongol rulers and given protection.
X. Kublai Khan
A. the first Mongol emperor of China, contributed much to Chinese progress and grandeur.
B. The Mongols gave India one of her greatest monarchs-Akbar the Great. A dashing
conqueror and a wise statesman, Akbar was hailed by historians as the greatest Mogul
emperor of India.
References
• Greg Sill. 2009. Mongols. Retrieved from [Link]
presentation
• Bbednars. 2014. Mongol Empire. Retrieved from
[Link]
• The Mongols. [Link]
2836/3.9%20The%20Mongol%20Empire%[Link]
• The Mongol Empire.
[Link]
id=9293
• The Rise of the Mongols.
[Link]
Agosta%20Mongols%[Link]
