Important Algebraic Formula
Table – 1
1. (a + b)2 a2 + b2 + 2ab (a - b)2 + 4ab
2. (a - b)2 a2 + b2 - 2ab (a + b)2 - 4ab
3. (a + b)2 + (a - b)2 2 (a2 + b2) Sum formula
4. (a + b)2 - (a - b)2 4ab Difference formula
5. (a + b)2 – 2ab
2 2
a +b [(a + b)2 + (a – b)2]
2
(a – b) + 2ab
6. a2 - b2 (a + b) (a – b)
7. (x + a)(x + b) x2 + ax + bx + ab x2 + x(a + b) + ab
8. x2 – ax + bx – ab
(x – a) (x + b) x2 – x(a – b) – ab
2
x + x(-a + b) – ab
9. x2 + ax – bx – ab
(x + a) (x – b) x2 – x(b – a) – ab
x2 + x(a – b) – ab
10. x2 – ax – bx + ab
(x – a) (x – b) x2 – x(a + b) + ab
x2 + x (-a – b) + ab
Table – 2
a3 + 3 a2b + 3 ab2 + b3
3
1. (a + b)
a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
(a + b)3 – 3ab (a + b)
2. a3 + b3
(a + b) (a2 – ab + b2)
3. (a + 1)3 a3 + 3 a2 + 3 a + 1 = a (a2 + 3a + 3) + 1
a3 – 3 a2b + 3 ab2 – b3
3
4. (a - b)
a3 – b3 – 3ab (a – b)
(a - b)3 + 3ab (a - b)
3 3
5. a –b
(a - b) (a2 + ab + b2)
6. (a - 1)3 a3 – 3 a2 + 3 a – 1 = a (a2 - 3a + 3) - 1
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Important Algebraic Formula
Table – 3
a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
2
1. (a + b + c)
a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
(a – b - c)2 + 4 ab + 4 ca
a2 + b2 + c2 – 2ab +2bc – 2ca
2
2. (a – b - c)
a2 + b2 + c2 - 2(ab - bc + ca)
(a + b + c)2 - 4 ab - 4 ca
3. a2 + b2 + c2 (a + b + c)2 - 2(ab + bc + ca)
(a – b - c)2 + 2(ab - bc + ca)
4. (a + b + c)2 + (a – b - c)2 2 (a2 + b2 + c2) + 4bc
5. (a + b + c)2 - (a – b - c)2 4ab + 4ca
6. (a + b)2 + (b+ c)2 +(c + a)2 2(a2 + b2 + c2) +2(ab + bc+ ca)
7. [(a+ b)2 + (b+ c)2 +(c + a)2] (a2 + b2 + c2) +(ab + bc+ ca)
(a + b + c)2 – (ab + bc + ca)
(a – b - c)2 + (3ab – bc + 3ca)
8. (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c – a)2 2(a2 + b2 + c2) -2(ab + bc + ca)
9. [(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c – a)2] (a2 + b2 + c2) - (ab + bc + ca)
(a + b + c)2 – 3 (ab + bc + ca)
(a – b - c)2 + (ab - 3 bc + ca)
Table – 4
1. a3 + b3 + c3 – 3 abc 1. (a + b + c) [a2 + b2 + c2 –(ab + bc + ca)]
*if a + b + c = 0 then a3 + 2. (a + b + c) [(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2]
b3 + c3 = 3abc
3. (a + b + c) [(a + b + c)2 - 3( ab + bc + ca)]
4. (a + b + c) [(a – b - c)2 + (ab - 3 bc + ca)]
5. (a + b + c ) [3(a2 + b2 + c2 ) – (a + b + c)2]
Table – 5
1. (a + b + c)3 a3 + b3 + c3 + 3 (a + b)(b + c)(c + a)
a3 + b3 + c3 + 3 (a + b) [ab + bc + ca + c2]
2. (x + a)(x + b)(x + c) x3 + x2(a + b + c) + x (ab + bc + ca) + abc
3. (a + b + c + d)2 a2 +b2+c2 +d2 + 2a(b +c+d) + 2b(c+d) +2c (d)
4. a4 + a2b2 + b4 (a2 + ab + b2)(a2 – ab + b2)
5. a4 - 1 (a - 1)(a3 + a2 + a + 1)
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Important Algebraic Formula
Table – 6
1. (x2 – y2)2 x4 + y4 – 2 x2 y2
2. (x2 + y2)2 x4 + y4 + 2 x2 y2
3. (x2 + y2)3 x6 + y6 + 3 x2 y2 (x2 + y2)
4. (x2 – y2)3 x6 – y6 – 3 x2y2 (x2 – y2)
Table – 7
1. (a + 1)(b + 1) 1 + a + b + ab
2. (a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1) 1 + (a + b + c) + (ab + bc + ca) + abc
3. (a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1) (d + 1) 1 + (a + b + c + d) + (ab + bc + ad + bc + bc +
cd) + (abc + bcd + cda + dab) + abcd
Table – 8
If a, b, c = A.P. then a + b + c = 3b
1
a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca = [(a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2]= 3d2
2
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = 9bd2
Table – 9
If a + b + c = 0
then a2 + b2 + c2 = -2(ab + bc + ca)
a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
1
a4 + b4 + c4 = 2(b2c2 + c2a2 + a2b2) = (a2 + b2 + c2)2
2
a5 + b5 + c5 = -5abc (ab + bc + ca)
5
= abc (a2 + b2 + c2)
2
5
= (a2 + b2 + c2) (a3 + b3 + c3)
6
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