ALX Professional Foundations: Milestone 3 Worksheet

Instructions: Provide responses to all items in the orange boxes. The worksheet
consists of Sections A-E. Work on this worksheet one section at a time throughout
your week, and return to Savanna after each section for the next set of content
and further instructions.

SECTION A: Problem Statement

Step 1: Your GCGO

Which Grand Challenge or Great Opportunity (GCGO) do you want to play a part in
addressing? (Pick one.)

As a reminder, the GCGOs are:

 Urbanization
 Education
 Infrastructure
 Healthcare
 Climate change
 Governance
 Job creation
 Agriculture
 Natural resources
 Arts, culture, and design
 Tourism
 Empowerment of women
 Regional integration
 Wildlife conservation

GCGO: Healthcare

Step 2: Describe Your Problem

You are going to take a first pass at briefly describing your chosen problem. This
can be any problem that speaks to you, as long as it is a real-life occurrence that is
clearly linked to your chosen GCGO, that occurs in a certain place and for certain
people (and/or animals), and that it can be clearly defined.

For example, if you chose wildlife conservation as your GCGO, you might first state
your chosen problem as:
There are very few white rhinos left in Kenya and they are in danger of going
extinct.

Another example, if you choose infrastructure as your GCGO:

Residents of major cities in South Africa endure prolonged periods without
electricity, significantly hampering their ability to generate income.

Note that this is just your first attempt stating the problem, and you don’t need to
quantify the problem yet. In order to get to your official problem statement (which
does need to be quantifiable) first answer the following questions. The more specific
your answers, the better. You may also ask Google, Wikipedia, , ChatGPT, and/or
other reliable online sources to help you. Please be sure to cite (give credit to) any
sources that you use.

Describe your problem using What/Who/When/Where/Why/How….

1. What is the problem? What is reality like because of this problem? What will
reality be like if the problem continues?

The main theme in my country is there a lot of people have no health

insurance, hence they doesn’t visit doctors regularly to perform check-ups
and early diagnostics.
Leading in the end to many health issues and late determination of medical
status.
If the problem continue, this will affect the current generation and the
successors with a lot of medical issues.

2. Who does this problem impact, directly and indirectly? Who contributes to
the problem
Many adults with serious medical cases and their children.
The person itself, many companies that doesn’t support their employees
with suitable medical plans and the hard living circumstances.
3. When did this problem begin? When does it occur?
It had started when a lot of medical providers start to divide people into two
sections, one that have decent coverage and the others, which by default
the need of medical plan become a necessary thing.

4. Where is this problem occurring? What is the context in which it occurs?

Any ignored medical case as a result of any cause from previous reasons.

5. Why is this a problem? What are the pain points or gaps? Why do you
personally care about this problem?

As we have learned, A physically fit healthy body lead to a great mind which
can help the nations and make them great.

6. How would reality be different if this problem were solved? (This can be
your opinion.)

The productivity will increase, the unemployed percentage will go down and
the country will grow on the level of industrial sections and commercial
ones.
Step 3: Understand and Quantify Your Problem
Next, you will conduct some basic web research to better understand, define, and
quantify your problem. You will do this through a combination of Google search,
Wikipedia, credible web sources, ChatGPT or other AI research tool, and your own
synthesis of information from these sources. Be sure to give credit to your sources,
and paraphrase (use your own words) rather than quoting directly.

7. What is the historical context for this problem? What happened in the past
that contributes to the problem now?

Costs, Access, Provider Availability, Preventive Care, Patient Satisfaction and

Skipped or Delayed Care.

8. What are the possible economic (money-related) reasons why this problem
exists and continues?

High expenses are a major challenge. Despite spending more per capita on
health care than other wealthy countries.

9. What are the possible political reasons why this problem exists and
continues?

To solve this issue this could cost the country big budget. Which doesn’t
work for all countries.

10. What cultural beliefs and/or social norms possibly contribute to this
problem?

Some feel there’s inadequate focus on preventive care and wellness.

11. Who are the people potentially responsible (directly or indirectly) for
creating and/or maintaining this problem?
 High costs and work/family obligations lead to skipped or delayed
appointments

Now that you have the preliminary information you need, you’ll continue your web
research to find some numbers, or quantifiable information, to help describe your
problem:

What numerical data can you find that is relevant to your problem? Be sure to use
your own words and also cite (give credit to) your sources.

Example 1:
According to Chat GPT, there are about 880 white rhinos currently living in Kenya.
This population is very small, and they are critically endangered.

Example 2:
Johannesburg has approximately 5.8 million residents (per ChatGPT) and had
approximately 4.7 million international overnight visitors in 2019 (according to the
South African Tourism Annual Report for 2019/2020).

12. Approximately how many people (and/or animals) are directly

impacted by this problem? Explain.

10 Million workers and their families, because not all employee provide a
medical insurance.

13. Approximately how many people (and/or animals) are indirectly

impacted by this problem? Explain.

Around 40 Million person.

14. What other numerical data can you share that is relevant to your
problem? What can you find out about its size and scope? What can be
measured? (For example, the amount of trash produced in Nairobi each day,
the number of people without access to clean water, etc.)

15 Million person have medical insurance which impacts directly 54 Million

people.
Step 4: Describe Your Solved State

Without having to come up with how to solve the problem, describe what the
desired, solved state looks like. Please use numbers wherever possible, and make
your solved state specific and measurable.

Example 1:
There would be a population of 10,000 healthy and protected white rhinos living in
the wild in Kenya.

Example 2:
All 5.8 million residents of Johannesburg would have affordable and consistently
available power from clean energy sources, 99.5% of the time.

15. If the problem were addressed/solved, what would reality be like?

Productivity would be increased in Egypt with 23%.

Exports will see an increase of 34%.
Unemployed percentage will be decreased to 5.4%.

16. Are there other benefits that would come from your problem being
solved? Name at least one.

Make people happier.

Step 5: Clarify Your Problem Scope

You are more effective at solving a problem when you know where its limits are.
That is, when you know what is “in scope” and “out of scope.” For this reason, it is
important to list what is out of scope, or NOT included as part of your problem
definition.

Example 1:
The scope of the problem does not cover any other animal species besides white
rhinos. It does not include white rhinos outside of Kenya.

Example 2:
The scope of the problem does not include any businesses or people outside of the
legally-defined Johannesburg city limits. It does not apply to tourists or visitors
staying for less than 1 year in Johannesburg.

17. What is NOT in scope for your problem?

Old people have auto medical coverage around many medical centers in the
country, so the main issue doesn’t include them mainly.

Step 6: Areas for Learning

What do you not know or understand that you would like to know more about? This
can be anything related directly or indirectly to your problem. Let your curiosity run
wild!

Example 1:
I’d like to know where most of the demand for rhino horn is coming from. I’d like to
know who are the primary buyers and who is behind the trafficking of rhino horn. I’d
like to know how long the average rhino’s lifespan is. I’d like to know how many
babies a typical female rhino has, and how many babies typically survive into
adulthood. I’d like to know more about what diseases impact rhinos. I’d like to know
more about the kinds of habitats that rhinos thrive in. I’d like to understand what
international organizations do the best job supporting wildlife conservation and
what their practices are. I’d like to know what models of community involvement
have been most successful in keeping wildlife safe and thriving. I’d like to
understand how much land is available in Kenya for rhinos to roam.

Example 2:
I’d like to better understand the utility company Eskom and its history. I’d like to
understand why Eksom has failed to plan properly to update its infrastructure. I’d
like to understand the relationship between Eksom and the South African
government. I’d like to know if there are private utility companies providing
competition to Eksom. I’d like to know what the latest breakthroughs are in solar
power. I’d like to know what other possible energy sources might be made available
in Johannesburg. I’d like to know how much energy tourists and temporary visitors
use. I’d like to better understand the process of how limited energy supply gets
allocated to people and businesses. I’d like to better understand the economic
impact to people and businesses of not having power.

18. What else would you like to know or understand better? (It can be
anything related to your problem.) List 5-10 things.

I’d like to better understand the Health Care Systems

I’d like to better understand the Health Insurance.
I’d like to better understand the Primary Care.
I’d like to better understand the Specialists.
I’d like to better understand the Preventive Measures.
I’d like to better understand the Hospitals and Emergency Care.
I’d like to better understand the Pharmacies and Medications.
I’d like to better understand the Mental Health Services.
I’d like to better understand the Health Equity and Disparitie.
I’d like to better understand the Research and Innovation.

Step 7: Problem Statement

This step is the culmination of all you have done in Part A. You will synthesize the
work you have done above to create a problem statement of 150 - 250 words. This
should be in narrative form, 2-4 paragraphs, and should NOT use bullet points.

Your problem statement should:

 Provide a succinct description of the problem in the first sentence.
 Indicate specific population affected
 Explain the impact (cost, time, environmental, personal) and why the problem
matters.
 Explain what reality would look like if the problem were solved. The gap that
exists between present reality and the desired outcome should be clear.

Please cite (give credit to) where your information came from directly in your
statement. Avoid word-for-word quoting and instead paraphrase (use your own
words), as modeled in the example. Also list your sources and their urls (web
addresses) at the end.

Example :
Kenya’s white rhinos are in critical danger of extinction. There are currently about
880 white rhinos in the country of Kenya, per Wikipedia. According to Chat GPT,
Rhinos are considered a keystone species, meaning they have a disproportionately
large impact on their ecosystem compared to their population size. Rhinos help
shape their environment by influencing vegetation growth and acting as seed
dispersers, which creates habitat for other species (per ChatGPT).

The extinction of white rhinos would have cascading effects on other plant and
animal species in their habitat. According to the Kenya Wildlife Service, rhinos’
presence in reserves and parks bring millions of tourists each year, contributing to
local economies and supporting conservation efforts. Once a species goes extinct, it
is gone forever. The extinction of rhinos would represent the loss of millions of years
of evolutionary history, and unique genetic diversity that science has yet to fully
understand and benefit from (per ChatGPT).

My problem would be considered solved when the population of wild, white rhinos in
Kenya reaches 10,000, and when all imminent threats to their population including
poaching and habitat destruction are not present. If this were the reality, it would
create ecosystem balance, create large revenues from ecotourism, preserve
important cultural symbols, and allow for genetic diversity that could benefit
humanity in ways we may not yet fully understand.

Sources:
Kenya Wildlife Services Annual Report 2017, https://www.kws.go.ke/content/annual-
reports
ChatGPT, https://chat.openai.com/
“White Rhinoceros”, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_rhinoceros

19. My problem is statement is:

The main theme in my country is there a lot of people have no health

insurance, hence they doesn’t visit doctors regularly to perform check-ups
and early diagnostics.
Leading in the end to many health issues and late determination of medical
status.
If the problem continue, this will affect the current generation and the
successors with a lot of medical issues.
 Many adults with serious medical cases and their children.
The person itself, many companies that doesn’t support their employees
with suitable medical plans and the hard living circumstances.
It had started when a lot of medical providers start to divide people into two
sections, one that have decent coverage and the others, which by default
the need of medical plan become a necessary thing.
To solve this issue this could cost the country big budget. Which doesn’t
work for all countries.
But if it has been solved this will impact:
Productivity would be increased in Egypt with 23%.
Exports will see an increase of 34%.
Unemployed percentage will be decreased to 5.4%.

20. Please list all sources that you used to form your problem statement:
Universal Health Insurance Authority uhia.gov.eg
ChatGPT, chat.openai.com

Please go back to Savanna and continue with your learning

content. You will be filling out Step 8 after you’ve completed
the Peer Activity.
Step 8: Peer Activity Report

This step is related to your peer activity and should help you to improve your
problem statement. Answer the following questions as part of the activity and then
update your Problem Statement in Step 7 above, based on your feedback.

21. Who reviewed your problem statement? (Give the first and last names
of your 2 peers).

22. In brief, what feedback did they give to you?

They have agree with many points, asked for resources and one of them
think this one of biggest problems in our country.

23. Was their feedback useful to you? Did it feel kind? Why or why not?

Yes, Yes it’s.

Because they gave their feedback and explain every point and what they
meant by, this was very helpful

24. Who did you give feedback to? (Give the first and last names of 2
peers- they may be the same or different peers from above.)

Same persons.

25. Do you feel that you gave useful and kind feedback to your peers?
Why or why not?
 Yes, there were many points they didn’t get so I have to clarify and justify
them which was a thing they appreciate.

Please go back to Savanna and continue with your learning

content. You will be prompted on when to return to
complete Section B.

SECTION B: Research Questions & Hypothesis

IMPORTANT: Complete this section AFTER completing the Savanna Modules Asking
Effective Questions and Web Research.

Step 9: Research Questions

Based on what you have learned so far and on ‘Step 6: Areas for Learning’ from this
worksheet, come up with 3 research questions. Research questions should be
complex enough that they can’t be answered by a single Google search. If
appropriate, form a hypothesis that your research may confirm or reject. (As a
reminder, a hypothesis is a prediction of how you think your research will answer
your research question. It is your best guess. If you truly have absolutely no idea,
state “not applicable.”)

Example Research Question #1:

What are some ways can we increase rhino populations?
Hypothesis:
Rhino populations will be increased by creating more open spaces for them to roam,
increasing their protection, increasing international interest in them, and other
reasons I have yet to uncover.

Example Research Question #2:

Which organizations have been effective at wildlife conservation and what practices
do they use?
Hypothesis:
Not applicable; I don’t know.
Example Research Question #3:
How many babies can a typical female white rhino have in her lifetime, and what
are the reasons a female may not have high fertility?
Hypothesis:
A typical female white rhino can have 5 babies in her lifetime, and fertility may be
affected by diet, amount of grazing territory, poaching, stress, mate availability,
and other reasons I have yet ot uncover.

26. Research question #1: What are some ways can we decrease health
care problems?

Hypothesis (if applicable):

Health Care problems will be decreased by having a consistent relationship with a
primary care doctor who knows your medical history can help prevent
unnecessary hospital visits and specialized. Stay Committed to Treatment Plans.
Focus on Prevention as regular health screenings, vaccinations, and lifestyle
modifications can prevent diseases.

27. Research question #2: How we can decrease health insurance costs?

Hypothesis (if applicable):

With Research and Compare Plans by evaluate different health insurance options
to find the most cost-effective plan that meets your needs. Anticipate Future
Medical Needs and consider your health history and potential medical expenses.
Opt for plans that cover necessary services without unnecessary extras. Choose
In-Network Providers and staying within your plan’s network can significantly
reduce costs. Out-of-network providers often charge higher fees.

28. Research question #3: How health care can enhance productivity?

Hypothesis (if applicable):

Regular check-ups and screenings help detect health issues early, preventing
more severe conditions that could lead to absenteeism or reduced productivity.

Please go back to Savanna and continue with your learning

content. You will be prompted on when to return to
complete Section C.

SECTION C: Web Research

Part 1: Research Plan
You can plan out your research, for each of your research questions, using the
template below.

29. Step # 1: Define your objectives, 3 research questions & associated

hypotheses.

Key Questions: What are you trying to accomplish with this research? What
do you wish to find out that will accelerate your work in the right direction?

Your Response: How important is to decrease health care problems.

30. Step # 2: Determine your end outputs.

Key Questions: What type of data/information is ideal for you to find, based
 on what you are trying to accomplish? Do you need to present it in any
particular format?

Your Response: Real metrics, and logical info.

No.

31. Step # 3: Scope your main sources of information.

Key Questions: Do you already know where you might want to go to find the
information you're seeking? Are there particular entities or organizations
that you know are seen as "experts" on the topic?

Your Response:

https://berrytips.org/10-smart-strategies-to-lower-health-insurance-
premiums/
https://www.wellcarecommunityhealth.org/education/the-ultimate-guide-to-
preventative-health-care-strategies-for-a-healthier-life
ChatGPT, chat.openai.com

After you updated earlier parts of the worksheet based on

your research plan, please go back to Savanna and continue
with your learning content. Return to Part 2 and Part 3 prior
to submitting your milestone.
Part 2: Conducting Research
You can answer the following questions as you complete conducting your research
into your research questions.

32. Step 1: Begin gathering your required information.

Key Questions: What search terms should you use? How many reports/articles do you
want to read before deciding you have seen enough?

Your Response:

3 at least.

33. Step 2: Evaluate the Validity/Credibility of Your Sources and Information

Key Questions: Are the sources credible and reliable? Consider the authority, accuracy,
objectivity, and currency of the information to ensure its validity for your research.

Your Response:

Yes.

34. Step 3: Synthesize and Communicate Your Key Findings.

Key Questions: Summarize the key information and findings that you have gathered
during your research. Organize these findings in a clear and coherent manner, ensuring
that they directly address your research objectives and questions.

Your Response:

1. Authority.
2. Accuracy.

3. Credibility.

35. Return to Your Original Objectives and Key Questions.

Key Questions: Revisit your initial objectives and key questions to ensure that your
research findings adequately address them. Reflect on whether your findings have
 effectively contributed to solving the identified problem.

Your Response:

Yes they do.

Part 3: Research Summary

In 200-300 words, provide an executive summary of your research in the text box
below. You should be synthesizing information from multiple sources. Provide
answers and explanations for the 3 questions you investigated and your key
research findings. This should be in a narrative format (no bullet points), and be at
least 3 paragraphs long.

Please use at least 3 different online sources such as ChatGPT, organizational

websites, Wikipedia, etc. Please cite (give credit to) where your information came
from directly in your statement. Avoid word-for-word quoting, paraphrase instead
(use your own words), as modeled in the example. Also, list your sources and their
URLs (web addresses) at the end.

36. Research Summary

There are some ways can we decrease health care problems are by having a
consistent relationship with a primary care doctor who knows your medical
history can help prevent unnecessary hospital visits and specialized. Stay
Committed to Treatment Plans. Focus on Prevention as regular health
screenings, vaccinations, and lifestyle modifications can prevent diseases.
Also we can decrease health insurance costs by evaluate different health
insurance options to find the most cost-effective plan that meets your needs.
Anticipate Future Medical Needs and consider your health history and potential
medical expenses. Opt for plans that cover necessary services without
unnecessary extras. Choose In-Network Providers and staying within your
plan’s network can significantly reduce costs. Out-of-network providers often
charge higher fees.
Finally we can enhance productivity by decrease health care problems because
regular check-ups and screenings help detect health issues early, preventing
more severe conditions that could lead to absenteeism or reduced productivity.
Once you have completed this worksheet, export/convert to .pdf, rename
it per the instructions, and upload to Savanna as your Milestone # 3
Submission. Celebrate a job well done!