CHAPTER
Pair of Linear Equations
3 in Two Variables
KEY POINTS
Linear equation in
two variables
4,x+ b,y te, =0 .. (1)
a,x +b,y+ c, =0 ... (2)
Equation of a
straight line
Method to solve
ax +by+c=0
Solution (1, y) ’ Points
lying on straight line, Algebraic Graphical
method method
by t C
by
Intersecting lines # X
(intersect at 1point) one solution
Coincident a, b, e
Elimination Method
a,x + b,y = C, ...1) Infinite solution
a,x +b,y =e, ...(2) Parallel lines
Substitution Method Multiplying eq. (1) by a, Non Intersec ting) No solution
a,x +b,y+c, =0 ...(1) and eq. (2) by a, making
a,x +b,y tc, =0 ...(2) coefficient of x same and
Substituting the value of hence eliminating x and
x from eq. (1) in eq. (2) finding y.
and finding y and
vice versa.
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Ifthe lines given by 3x +2ky =2 and 2x+ 5y=lare parallel, then the value of
k is
2. Ifx= aand y= b is the solution of the equation x-y =2 and x +y =4, then
the values of a and b are respectively
3. A pair of linear equations which has a unique solution x = 2 and y =-3 is
(a) x+y=1 and 2x-3y =-5
(b) 2x +5y =-11 and 2x-3y=-22
(c) 2x +5y =- 11 and 4x +10y=-22
(d) x-4y- 14 =0 and 5x-y- 13 =0
4. The area of the triangle formed by the lines x=3,y = 4 and x=y is
5. The value of kfor which the system of equations 3x + 5y=0 and kx + 10y=0
has a non-zero solutions is
6. If a pair of linear equations in two variables is consistent, then the lines
represented by two equations are:
(a) Intersecting (b) Parallel
(c) always coincident (d) intersecting or coincident
7. For 2x + 3y =4, y can be written in terms ofx as
8. One of the common solution of ax + by= c and y axis is
9. If ax + by = c and bx + my= n has unique solution then the relation between the
coefficient will be:
(a) am# lb (b) am= lb (c) ab = lm (d) ab+Im
10. In AABC, ZC=3ZB, ZC=2(ZA+ B) then, ZA, ZB, ZC are respectively.
(a) 30°, 60°, 90° (b) 20°, 40°, 120
(c) 45°, 45°, 90° (d) 110°, 40°, 50º
11. If x=3m-1 and y= 4 is a solution ofthe equation x +y=6, then find the value
of m.
12. What is the point of intersection of the line represented by 3x 2y =6 and the
y-axis?
13. For what value of p, system of equations 2x + py = 8 and x+y=6 have no
solution.
14. A mnotor cyclist is moving along the line xy=2 and another motor cyclist is
moving along the line x-y=4 find out their moving direction.
15. Find the value ofk for which pair of linear equations 3x + 2y =-5 and x-ky =
2 has a unique solution.
16. Write the solution of y= x and y =-x.
17. If 2x+5y = 4, write another linear equation, so that lines represented by the
pair are coincident.
18. Check whether the graph of thepair of linear equations x + 2y - 4 =0 and 2x +
4y -12 =0 is intersecting lines or parallel lines.
19. What is the value of p, for which the pair of linear equations x ty=3 and
3x+py=9 is inconsistent.
20. If we draw lines of x=2 and y=3what kind of lines do we get?
SHORT ANSWERTYPE (0) QUESTIONS (2 MARKS QUESTIONS)
21. Fom a pair of linear equations for: The sum of the numerator and denominator
of the fraction is 3 less than twice the denominator. If the numerator and
denominator both are decreased by 1, the numerator becomes half the
denominator.
22. For hatvalue ofp the pair of linear equations (p +2)x- (2p + l)y =3(2p -1)
and 2x -3y =7 has a unique solution.
23. ABCDE is a pentagonwith BE| CDand BC| DE, BCis perpendicular toCD
If the perimeter ofABCDE is 21 cm, find x and .
A
3 cm 3 cm
B E
5 cm
24. Solve for x and y
*_ 2y 2
x-=3
2 and , 3 3
25. Solve for x and y
3x + 2y = 11 and 2:x + 3y =4
Also findp ifp -8x+ 5y
26. Solve the pair of linear equations by substitution method x-7y + 42 =0 and
x-3y 6=0
27. Ram is walking along the line joining (1,4) and (, 6)
Rahim is walking along the line Joining (3, 4) and (1,0)
Represent on graph and find the point where both of them cross each other
28. Given the linear equation 2x + 3y- 12 = 0, write another linear equation in
these variables, such that. geometrical representation of the pair so formed is
() Parallel Lines (ii) Coincident Lines
29. The difference of two numbers is 66. If one number is four times the other, find
the numbers.
30. For what value of k, the following system of equations will be inconsistent
kx +3y =k-3
12x + ky =k
SHORT ANSWERS TYPE (I) QUESTIONS
31. Solve graphically the pair of linear equations 5x-y=5 and 3x-2y=-4
Also find the co-ordinates of the points where these lines intersect y-axis
32. Solve (CBSE)
+ =a+b
b
a=2
33. For what values of a and b the following pair of linear equations have infinite
number of solutions? (CBSE)
2x + 3y= 7
ax t y)- b(x-y)=3a +b-2
34. Find the value of k for no solutions
(3k +l)x +3y -2 =0
(k+ 1)x +(k-2)y-5 =0
35. Solve the pair of linear equations
152x 378y =74
-378x +152y =-604
36. Pinky scored 40 marks in a test getting 3 marks for each right answer and
losing 1 mark for each wrong answe. Had 4 marks been awarded for each
correct answer and 2 marks were deducted for each wrong answer, then pinky
again would have scored 40 marks. How many questions were there in the test?
37. Father's age is three times the sum of ages of his two children. After 5 years his
age will be twice the sum of ages of two children. Find the age of the father.
38. On selling a T.V. at 5% gain and a fridge at 10% gain, a shopkeeper gain
7 2000. But if he sells the T.V. at 10% gain and fridge at 5% loss, he gains
?1500on the transaction. Find the actual price of the T.V. and the fridge
39. Sunita has some 50 and 100 notes amounting to a total of 15,500. If the
total number of notes is 200, then find how many notes of? 50 and? 100 each,
she has.
LONG ANSWERTYPE QUESTIONS
40. Solve graphically the pair of linear equations 3x4y + 3=0 and 3x+ 4y - 21
=0
Find the co-ordinates of vertices of triangular region formed by these lines and
X-axis. Also calculate the arca of this triangle.
41. A and B are two points 150 km apart on a highway. Two cars start with different
speeds from A and Bat same time. If theymove in same direction, they meet in
15 hours. Ifthey move in opposite direction, they meet in one hour. Find their
speeds
42. The ratio of incomes of two persons A and B is 3 : 4 and the ratio of their
expenditures is 5:7. If their savings are 15,000 annually find their annual
incomes.
43. Vijay had some bananas and he divided them into two lots A and B. He sold the
first lot at the rate of? 2 for3 bananas and the second lot at the rate of 1 per
banana and got a total of? 400. If he had sold the first lot at the rate of? 1per
banana and the second lot at the rate of 4 for S bananas, his total collection
would have been 460. Find the total number of bananas he had.
(HOTS, Exampler)
44. A railway half ticket cost half the full fare but the reservation charges are the
same on a half ticket as on a full ticket. One reserved first class ticket costs
7 2530. One reserved first class ticket and one reserved first class half ticket
from stations A to B costs 3810. Find the full first class fare from stations Ato
B and also the reservation charges for a ticket. (Exemplar)
45. Determine graphically, the vertices of the triangle formed by the lines y= x,
3y =x and x+y=8. (NCERT Exemplar)
46. Draw the graphs of the equations x =3, x = 5 and 2x-y -4=0. Also find the
area of the quadrilateral formed by the lines and the x-axis.
(NCERT Exemplar, HOTS)
47. Anirudh takes 3 hours more than Nishi to walk 30 km. But ifAnirudh doubles
his speed, he is ahead of Nishi by 1½ hours. Find their speed of walking.
48. In a two digit number, the ten's place digit is 3times the unit's place digit.
When the number is decreased by 54, digits get reversed. Find the original
number.
49. A two-digit number is 3 more than 4 times the sum of the digits. If 18 is added
to the number, digits reversed. Find the number.
50. Find the values of a and b for infinite solutions
() 2x-(a- 4)y = 2b + 1
4x-(a-1l)y =5b-1
(ii) 2x +3y =7
2ax + ay= 28 - by
