UNIVERSITY Of JUBA
CENTRE FOR HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND CONTINUAL EDUCATION.
SCHOOL Of: BUSINESS AND MANGEMENT
DEPARTMENT Of: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION.
LEVEL: SECOND YEAR
COURSE: ADVANCE COMMUNICATION SKILLS
SEMESTER : ONE
ASSIGNMENT 1
QUESTIONS: EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING IN NOT LESS THAN SIX
1. PUNCTUATION.
2 TYPES Of VERB AND TENSES
INSTRUCTOR NAME: MR JAMES Nigo
SUBMISSION DATE
Punctuation:
Punctuation marks are symbols used in writing to separate sentences and their elements, clarify meaning,
and indicate pauses or inflections. They help readers understand the structure and intended meaning of
written text, guiding them through the flow of ideas.
Here's a breakdown of some common punctuation marks and their uses:
1. Period (.)
Ends a declarative sentence (a statement).
Example:
The cat sat on the mat."
Also used in abbreviations.
Mr." or "Mrs."
2. Question Mark (?) Ends an interrogative sentence (a question)
Example:
What is your name?.
3. Exclamation Point (!)
Indicates strong emotion, emphasis, or a command.
Example:
Stop!
That's dangerous!"
4. Comma (,)
Separates items in a list.
Example: "
I need apples, bananas, and oranges."
Separates clauses in a sentence.
If it rains, we will stay inside."
Used for direct address.
John, please pass the salt."
Used to separate introductory phrases.
However, the situation is more complex."
Indicates a pause.
The quick brown fox, jumps over the lazy dog."
5. Semicolon (;)
Connects two closely related independent clauses.
Example: "The restaurant was closed; we went to the bakery instead."
6. Colon (:)
Introduces a list, explanation, or quotation.
Example: "
I need the following items: paper, pencils, and erasers."
Can also connect two sentences thematically.
She loves painting: her brother prefers music."
7. Apostrophe (') Indicates possession,
Example: "Sarah's car, Forms contractions (shortened words), Example: "can't" or "don't, and Indicates
omitted letters.
8. Quotation Marks (" ")
Enclose direct speech or quotations.
Example: "He said, 'I will be there.'"
Also used to indicate titles of short works.
9. Parentheses ( )
Enclose additional information or an afterthought.
Example:
He arrived late (after a long delay)."
Used to add clarification or comment to a quote.
Original quote: Smith (2012:5) considers it to be indispensible. With clarification: Smith (2012:5) considers
[cohesion] to be indispensible".
10. Brackets
Used for editorial corrections or inserted comments.
Example: "She [the student] received an A on the exam."
11. Hyphen (-)
Joins words or parts of words.
Example: "
well-known" or "re-evaluate"
Used to link together two names into a compound name.
The Smith-Jones family"
12. Dash (--)
Indicates a pause or a sudden break in thought or speech.
Example:
"He finally arrived -- late as usual."
Full List of Punctuation Marks & How to Use Them - Hemingway Editor
Jan 29, 2025 — Period (.) Marks the end of a declarative sentence. Example: She walked to the store.
Comma (,) Separates items in a list or clauses in a sentence.
The semicolon has two main uses: - It separates two related, but independent clauses. If your clauses are
very complex, rather use a full stop.
Verb
Verb is a word that describes what the subject of a sentence is doing . Verb can indicates (physical and
mental) actions occurrence and state of being.
Verb can be categorized in to severals types based on their functions and how they relate to other
elements in a sentence. The types include the following:
1. Action Verb:
These verb describes actions whether physical or mental.
Example: run, Jump, Think, eat, write.
2. Linking Verb
These verb connect the subject of a sentence to a noun or adjective that describes it.
Examples: Is, am, was, were, seem, become.
3. Auxiliary Verb:
These verb assist the main verb in expressing tenese, mood or voice.
Examples: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, have, be, do.
4. Modal Verb:
These verb express necessity, possibility, permission or ability.
Examples: can, could, might, must, shall, will, would.
5. Regular Verb:
These verb form their past tense and past parttby adding -d or" ed" to the base form.
Examples: walk- walked, play- played.
6. Irregular Verb:
These verb have unique past tense and past participle form that don't follow regular pattern.
Examples: go- went- gone-be-was-were- been.
7. Transitive Verb:
These verb require a direct objects to complete their meaning.
Examples: give, help, carry, read
8.Intransitive Verb:
These verb don't require a direct objects.
Examples: Sleep, arrive, belong, sit.
9. Dynamic Verb:
These verb describes actions
Examples: run, eat, build
10. Stative Verb:
These verb describes state of being.
Examples: feelings or opinions.
There are three mains tenses in English present, past, and future. Each tense is further divided into four
aspect, simple, continuous perfect and perfect continuous. This give a total of 12 tenses.
Here 's a breakdown with examples:
a) Present Tense
Simple Present: it describes habitual actions or general trust.
Examples:
1. The sun is rise in east.
2. She work at bank.
3. I eat breakfast every morning.
Present Continuous:
The present continuous is describes the actions happening now or around now
Examples:
1. Iam studying for my exam.
2. Iam eating breakfast right now.
3. They are meeting for dinner tonight.
Present Perfect:
This describes actions that started in the past and continuous to the present or have a results in the
present.
Examples:
1.I have eaten breakfast.
2. He has lived here for five years.
3. I have finished my homework.
Present Perfect Continuous ;
It describes actions that started in the past, continue up to the present, and are still ongoing.
Examples:
1. I have been eating breakfast for 20 minutes ago.
2.They have been waiting for hours.
3. She has been working on this project all day.
b) Past Tense
Simple Past :
It describes completed actions in the past.
Examples:
1. I ate breakfast yesterday.
2. I went to the store yesterday
3. She visited he grandmother last week.
Past Continuous:
Describes an ongoing activity that occure in the past and it also describes actions in progress at specific
time in the past.
Examples:
1. I was watching T.V when the phone rang.
2. I was eating breakfast when you called.
3. They were playing soccer when it started to rain.
Past Perfect:
Describes an actions completed before another action in the past.
Examples:
1. I had already eaten when they arrived.
2. She had finished her work before she left.
3. I had eaten breakfast before i left work.
Past Perfect continuous:
Describes an actions that was ongoing before another action in the past.
Examples:
1. I had been working for hours when the Boss arrived
2. He had been studying for the exam all night.
c) Future Tense
Simple future
Describes actions that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.
Examples:
1. I will be eating breakfast when you arrive.
2. I will travel to Paris next summer.
3. She will start her new job next week.
Future Continuous.
Describes actions that will be in progress at specific time in the future.
Examples:
1. I will be working at this time tomorrow.
2. I will be eating breakfast when i arrive
3. They will be having dinner when we arrive.
Future Perfect.
It describes actions that will be completed before a specific time in the future.
Examples:
1. I will have finished the report by Friday.
2. They will have moved to theirs new houses by next month.
3. I will have eaten breakfast before i leave for the office.
Future Perfect Continuous:
Describes actions that will be ongoing before another action in the future.
Examples:
1. I will have been eating breakfast for an hour by the time you get here.
2. By next year i will have been working here for ten years.
3. She will have been studying for three hours when the class end.
Names of the students
Names in full Index No Signature
Lony Riek Lew
Gatluak Riak Lam 21-HRB-114
Michael Gach Bol 21-HRB-211
Majuoy Janguan 21-HRB-191
Ajang Deng Mutar 21-HRB-022
Abuk Athian Achiec 21-HRB-010
Diania Keji Samuel 20-HRB-052
Martha Duria David 20-HRB-122
Kuol Kuok Biliu 21- HRB-170
Buay Bone 21-HRB-66
