8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 1 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 7

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

A satellite orbiting a planet in a distant galaxy is at an average distance of 5.6 × 108 m from the planet’s centre. It takes 2.5 Earth days for the
satellite to complete its orbit.

(a) Determine the mass of the planet.

[3]

Another satellite is also orbiting the planet. It is a distance 3.75 × 108 m away from the planet’s centre.

(b) Determine the number of Earth days for the satellite to make a single orbit around the planet.

[2]

(c) Explain why there is a place between the planet and either satellite where the gravitational field strength is zero.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 2 of 33
Fields

Marks: 5

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

(a) State Lenz’s law.

[1]

(b) A bar magnet is dropped vertically down inside a conducting coil in a circuit, as shown in the figure below. The coil now acts as a bar
magnet. Annotate the figure with N, the north pole of the coil and S, the south pole.

[2]

(c) It takes significantly longer time for the magnet to reach the other end of the coil when it is dropped inside than when it is dropped outside the coil.
Explain this observation.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 3 of 33
Fields

Marks: 7

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

A solenoid of 240 turns and an area of 2.4 cm2 is in a region of magnetic field with a flux density of 1.95 × 10–2 T.

(a) Calculate the maximum magnetic flux linkage through the solenoid.

[2]

(b) The solenoid is moved to a position in which the magnetic field strength is 4.65 × 10–3 T in 0.10 s. Determine the maximum induced emf.

[2]

(c) In order to induce an emf across a circuit, there must be a changing magnetic field passing through the circuit. State three different ways that this
can be done.

[3]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 4 of 33
Fields

Marks: 6

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

There is a uniform magnetic field between the poles of a magnet, but its magnitude is increasing at the rate of 0.020 T s–1. The area of a conducting
loop placed normally in the field is 110 cm2. The resistance of the loop is 7.0 Ω.

(a) Calculate the induced emf in the circuit.

[2]

(b) Calculate the induced current in the circuit.

[2]

(c) The loop is replaced by one made of perfect insulator. Explain the effect this will have on the induced emf and induced current.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 5 of 33
Fields

Marks: 7

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

A planet has a mass of 6.50 × 1024 kg and radius 5.3 × 106 m.

(a) Calculate the speed at which any mass needs to be projected from the surface of the planet so that it will never come back down to the planet.

[2]

(b) Determine the gravitational field strength on the surface of the planet.

[2]

(c) Determine the height above the planet’s surface where the escape speed is 10.6 km s–1.

[3]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 6 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 6

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

Two parallel plates are separated by a vertical distance of 7.5 cm. There is a potential difference of 8500 V across the plates.

(a) Calculate the electric field strength between the plates.

[2]

(b) An electron is travelling perpendicular to the electric field. Calculate the magnitude of the electric force acting on the electron.

[2]

(c) Determine the rate of change of the electron’s velocity as it is travelling between the plates.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 7 of 33
Fields

Marks: 7

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

The weight of a boulder with mass 15.0 kg on the surface of a planet is 85.0 N. The radius of the planet is 4.3 × 106 m.

(a) Calculate the mass of the planet.

[3]

(b) Determine the gravitational potential energy of the boulder on the surface of the planet.

[2]

(c) Calculate the gravitational potential energy of a 3500 kg artificial satellite that is 2.5 km above the planet’s surface.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 8 of 33
Fields

Marks: 6

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

(a) P is a negative point charge. Draw the equipotential lines around P and label them E; and draw the field lines around P and label them F.

[2]

(b) The electric field strength 30.0 cm from the center of a charged sphere is −4.5 N C−1. Determine the charge on the sphere if it has a radius of 8.0
cm.

[2]

(c) The potential difference across the two metal plates 7.5 cm apart is 1500 V. Calculate the electric field strength between the plates.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 9 of 33
Fields

Marks: 5

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

(a) An artificial satellite of mass 4010 kg is in circular orbit around a planet where the gravitational potential is −6.7 × 107 J kg–1. Calculate the
change in the satellite’s potential energy if it were to move to an orbit where the gravitational potential is −7.0 × 107 J kg–1.

[3]

(b) If the artificial satellite were to fall to the planet, explain what would happen to its potential energy and its kinetic energy as it falls.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 10 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 5

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

A planet from a distant galaxy has a mass of 7.25 × 1024 kg and a radius of 1.75 × 106 m.

(a) Calculate the gravitational field strength on the surface of the planet.

[2]

(b) Determine the weight of an 80 kg crate on the surface of that planet.

[1]

(c) An artificial satellite is in circular orbit at a height 250 km above the surface of the planet.

Calculate the gravitational field strength at that height.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 11 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 6

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

An electron experiences a force of 6.7 × 10–14 N when it is moving perpendicularly to a magnetic field of strength of 1.6 × 10–2 T.

(a) Determine the speed of the electron.

[2]

(b) Show that the radius of the path of the electron is 0.0093 m.

[3]

(c) State how the electron should move through the magnetic field without experiencing a force.

[1]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 12 of 33
Fields

Marks: 12

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Answer all questions.

Two parallel but oppositely charged plates X and Y are placed 45 cm apart and the potential difference between them is 220 V. A positively charged
particle +q = 8.4 pC is released just in front of plate X as shown in the diagram. The gravitational effect of the Earth on the particle can be ignored.

(a) Suggest why the gravitational effect can be ignored.

[1]

(b) Sketch the equipotential lines between the plates in the diagram shown.

[2]

(c) (i) Calculate the magnitude of the electric field between the plates. Give your answer with an appropriate SI unit.

[2]

(ii) Draw the electric field lines between the plates below.

[2]

(d) The mass of the particle is 9.2 × 10–17 kg. Show that the acceleration of the particle is about 4.5 × 107 m s–2.

[3]

(e) Determine the speed of the particle just before hitting plate Y.

[2]

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 13 of 33
Fields

Marks: 7

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

A charged sphere X and a point charge Y are placed 18 cm apart as shown below. Both charges are positive.

(a) Determine the unit Coulomb constant k in terms of fundamental units.

[2]

(b) Calculate the electrical potential energy in the system.

[2]

(c) Now, point charge Y is removed and the electric potential due to spherical charge X is determined at the point previously occupied by Y.

(i) State the SI unit of electric potential.

[1]

(ii) Calculate the electric potential due to X.

[2]

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Question 14 of 33
Fields

Marks: 7

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

A satellite of mass 8.7 × 102 kg is launched from the surface of planet X which has a mass 3.3 × 1026 kg and radius r. The escape speed from the
surface of planet X is 1.2 × 104 m s–1.

(a) (i) Calculate the radius of the planet.

[2]

(ii) Determine the gravitational acceleration of the planet.

[2]

(b) Another satellite is then launched from the surface of the same planet and the satellite follows an orbit which is 6.51 × 108 m from the surface of
X. Show that its orbital speed is 4800 m s–1.

[2]

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Question 15 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 7

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

Two planets, SruX1 and VyaX3, have masses 3M and M as shown below. Their respective radii are 2r and r. The distance between the surfaces of
each planet is 5r.

(a) (i) Outline one assumption made when Newton’s constructed his Law of Gravitation.

[1]

𝑀2
(ii) Deduce that the attraction force between two planets is about 4.7 × 10−2 𝐺⁢ 2 .
𝑟
[2]

(iii) Determine the unit of G in fundamental SI units.

[2]

(b) Now, assuming that the gravitational attraction between planets does not affect their gravitational field strength. The gravitational acceleration on
the surface of SruX1 is 7.4 N kg–1. Calculate the gravitational acceleration on the surface of VyaX3.

[2]

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Question 16 of 33
Fields

Marks: 9

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

A satellite used to gather data about weather patterns is in a circular orbit at a height 550 km above the surface of the Earth.

The following data are available:

Mass of the Earth = 6.0 × 1024 kg

Radius of the Earth = 6.37 × 106 m

(a) Determine the gravitational field strength created by the Earth at the position of the satellite.

[2]

(b) Calculate the orbital speed of the satellite.

[2]

The satellite has a mass of 1200 kg and needs to be taken into a higher orbit at an altitude of 750 km above the surface of the Earth.

(c) Calculate the difference in gravitational potential energy between the initial and the final orbit of the satellite.

[3]

(d) Explain why your answer to (c) is not the equal to the amount of energy required to take the satellite to its new orbit.

[2]

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Question 17 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 11

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

An electron is moving with a speed of 2.50 × 106 m s–1 into a region where a magnetic field with constant magnitude of 0.450 mT. The direction of
the magnetic field is into the page and the electron is initially moving rightwards as shown.

As the electron enters the region where a magnetic field is present:

(a) State the initial direction of the magnetic force.

[1]

(b) Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic force.

[2]

(c) Explain why there is no work done by the magnetic force on the electron.

[2]

(d) Determine the radius of the path that the electron would follow.

[2]

An electric field is also present along with the magnetic field.

(e) State the direction of an electric field that could result in the electron moving with constant velocity through the magnetic field.

[2]

(f) Calculate the magnitude of such an electric field.

[2]

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Question 18 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 12

Paper 2: Short-answer and extended-response questions

During the orbital motion of Mars around the Sun, its smaller distance (perihelion) is 2.067 × 1011 m and its larger distance (aphelion) is 2.492 × 1011
m.

(a) State Kepler’s first law of orbital motion.

[1]

(b) Describe qualitatively the energy changes that Mars experiences during its orbital motion.

[2]

(c) Explain if Mars moves along an equipotential of the gravitational potential created by the Sun.

[2]

The following data are available:

Mass of Mars = 6.417 × 1023 kg

Radius of Mars = 3.3895 × 106 m
Orbital period of Mars = 5.9354 × 106 s
Mass of Sun = 1.989 × 1030 kg

(d) Determine the gravitational field strength at the surface of Mars.

[2]

(e) Determine the gravitational potential energy for the Sun–Mars system at the perihelion.

[2]

(f) Determine the change in kinetic energy that Mars experiences from its perihelion to its aphelion.

[3]

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Question 19 of 33
Fields

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

A thin conducting rod of length 0.88 m moves through a uniform magnetic field with a constant speed of 0.25 m s–1 as shown. The magnetic flux
density is 0.5 T and the field is directed into the page.

Calculate the induced emf value produced in the rod?

A. 0.44 V
B. 0.22 V
C. 0.11 V
D. zero

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Question 20 of 33
Fields

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

A spherical shell conductor with a radius 40 cm is charged and its electric potential is equal to 9.0 × 103 V on its surface.

Calculate the magnitude of the electric field at a point which is 60 cm from the centre of the sphere?

A. 1.0 × 104 N C–1

B. 6.0 × 103 N C–1
C. 3.6 × 103 N C–1
D. 1.0 × 103 N C–1

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Question 21 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

A particle with a charge +q and mass m is released between two oppositely charged parallel plates as shown. The separation of the plates is d and the
potential difference between the plates is V.

State which single change would increase the acceleration of the particle?

A. Increasing the separation of the plates.

B. Decreasing the charge of the particle.
C. Increasing the mass of the particle.
D. Increasing the potential difference between the plates.

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Question 22 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

Three long parallel wires K, L and M are distances d and 3d apart as shown. K, L and M each carry a current 2A, IL and IM respectively. The
magnetic force per unit length on L due to K and M is zero.

Calculate the magnitude of IM?

A. 6⁢𝐴

3
B. ⁢𝐴
2
2
C. ⁢𝐴
3
1
D. ⁢𝐴
6

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Question 23 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

Q and S are two planets with masses M and 2M. The radii of the planets Q and S are r and 2r respectively. A block of mass m weighs 120 N on the
surface of Q as shown.

Deduce the weight W of the same block on the surface of S?

A. 30 N
B. 60 N
C. 120 N
D. 240 N

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Question 24 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

K and L are two charged conducting spheres which possess initial charges of –3 Q and +15 Q respectively. They are touched together and charge is
allowed to flow between them. After charge equilibrium is achieved, they are moved away from each other.

If the final charge of K is +3 Q, state the final charge of L in terms of Q?

A. –15 Q
B. –9 Q
C. +9 Q
D. +15 Q

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Question 25 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

Five positive and one negative point charges of magnitude q are placed on a circular plane as shown. O is the centre and the radius of the circle is r.

Deduce the net electric field at point O?

2⁢𝑞
A. 𝑘⁢ 2
𝑟
2⁢𝑞2
B. 𝑘⁢ 2
𝑟
4⁢𝑞2
C. 𝑘⁢
𝑟
D. zero

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8/20/25, 11:28 AM Assignment 2025-08-20

Question 26 of 33
Fields

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

A spherical shell conductor with radius r possesses charge +q. O is the centre of the sphere as shown in the figure. The distance between is O and
𝑟 2⁢𝑟
point X is and the distance between is O and Y is . The electric potentials at point X and Y are VX and VY respectively.
2 3

Identify which of the following is correct?

A.𝑉𝑋 = 𝑉𝑌

2⁢𝑉𝑌 𝑉𝑋
B. =
3 2
𝑉𝑌 2⁢𝑉𝑋
C. =
2 3
D.3⁢𝑉𝑋 = 2⁢𝑉𝑌

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Question 27 of 33
Fields

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

The gravitational potential of a planet on its surface is X and the escape speed from that planet is Y.

Determine which of the following is correct?

𝑌3
A. = −2
𝑋2
𝑌2
B. = −2
𝑋3
𝑌2
C. = −2
𝑋
𝑌
D. = −2
𝑋2

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Question 28 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

An electron is placed at point P in a uniform electric field as shown in the diagram.

Determine in which direction the electric potential of the electron will decrease?

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Question 29 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

Three charges are arranged as shown.

State which option is the best estimate for the resultant force acting on the +6 µC charge?

Options Resultant force Options Resultant force

A B

C D

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Question 30 of 33
Fields

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

The relationship between gravitational potential and distance for planet X is shown in the graph below.

State what the gradient of line A represents?

A. g
B. G
C. –g
D. –G

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Question 31 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

Identify which of the following images correctly represents the gravitational field lines near the surface of the Earth?

Options Gravitational field lines Options Gravitational field lines

A B

C D

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Question 32 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

𝑅
A satellite orbits above a planet of radius R and mass M. Determine the gravitational field strength g when the satellite orbits above the surface of
4
the planet?

16⁢𝐺⁢𝑀
A.
𝑅2
16⁢𝐺⁢𝑀
B.
25⁢𝑅2
25⁢𝐺⁢𝑀
C.
16⁢𝑅2
𝐺⁢𝑀
D.
25⁢𝑅2

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Question 33 of 33
Fields

Levels: ,

Marks: 1

Paper 1A: Multiple choice question

A proton enters a magnetic field as shown.

Predict the direction in which the force is exerted on the proton by the magnetic field?

A. Up
B. Down
C. Into the page
D. Out of the page

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Answers

Question 1 of 33

Question Answers Total

Centripetal force = Gravitational force
or

𝑚⁢𝑣2 𝐺⁢𝑀⁢𝑚
= ✓
𝑟 𝑟2
as

𝑣2 4⁢𝜋2⁢𝑟
𝑎= = 2
𝑟 𝑇
(a) 3
we can substitute and rearrange:

(𝑟3)⁢(4⁢𝜋2)
𝑀=( )✓
𝐺⁢𝑇2
3
((5.6 × 108) )⁢(4⁢𝜋2)
= ✓
(6.67 × 10−11)⁢(2.5 × 60 × 60 × 24)2

= 2.23 × 1027 kg ✓
Two marks for equation/substitution, one mark for answer.

Uses proportionality ✓

4⁢𝜋2⁢𝑟3
𝑇2 =( )
𝐺⁢𝑀
(b) 3 2
(4⁢𝜋2)⁢(3.75 × 108) ✓
𝑇 =√
(6.67 × 10−11)⁢(2.23 × 1027)
= 1.1831 × 105 s
= 1.4 days

Gravitational fields from the planet and the satellite act in opposite directions. ✓
(c) 2
Gravitational field strength is a vector so (that there is a point/place between them
where) the gravitational field strengths cancel out. ✓

Question 2 of 33

Question Answers Total

(a) The direction of an induced emf is such that it will oppose the change that produced it. ✓ 1

N on the upper part of the coil. ✓

(b) 2
S on the lower part of the coil. ✓

As the magnet falls inside the coil, currents are induced that sets up a magnetic field. ✓
(c) 2
that repels/opposes/that is opposite the motion of the falling magnet therefore slowing it down. ✓

Question 3 of 33

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−2 −4 ∘
(𝑁𝐵𝐴cos𝜃 ) = (240)(1.95×10 )(2.4×10 )cos0 ✓
(a) 2
1.12×10−3 (Wb) ✓

𝑁⁢Δ⁢𝐵⁢𝐴
𝜖 = (− )
Δ⁢𝑡
✓
(b) (240)⁢(4.65 × 10−3 − 1.95 × 10−2)⁢(2.4 × 10−4) 2
=−
0.1

8.6⁢×⁢10−3 V ✓

Moving a part of a circuit through a stationary magnet ✓

(c) moving a magnet through a circuit ✓ 3

changing a current ✓

Question 4 of 33

Question Answers Total

Δ⁢𝐵
( ⁢𝐴 ) = (0.02)⁢(0.011) ✓
(a) Δ⁢𝑡 2

2.2⁢×⁢10−4 V = 0.22 mV ✓

𝜖 2.2 × 10−4
𝐼= = ✓
𝑅 7.0
(b) 2
ECF from (a).

3.14⁢×⁢10−5 A = 0.0314 mA ✓

If the loop is made of a perfect insulator, the resistance will be infinite. ✓

(c) 2
The induced current will then be zero (even though the emf is present) and emf remains unchanged. ✓

Question 5 of 33

Question Answers Total

2⁢𝐺⁢𝑀 2⁢(6.67 × 10−11)⁢(6.50 × 1024)

𝑣esc = √ = √( )✓
(a)
𝑟 5.3 × 106 2

1.3⁢×⁢104 ⁢(m s−1) ✓

𝐺𝑀 (6.67 × 10−11)⁢(6.5 × 1024)

𝑔= = ✓
𝑟2 (5.3 × 106)
2

(b) 2
15.4 N k⁢g−1 ✓

Do not accept m s–2 as units.

show use of:

2⁢𝐺⁢𝑀
√ 𝑟 ✓
𝑣esc =
(c) 3

7.7⁢×⁢106 ✓

2.4 × 106 m ✓

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Question 6 of 33

Question Answers Total

8500
𝐸= ✓
0.075
(a) 2
1.13⁢×⁢105 V⁢m−1 ✓

accept 𝑁⁢𝐶−1 .

𝐹 = (1.13⁢×⁢105)⁢(1.6⁢×⁢10−19) ✓
(b) 2
1.81⁢×⁢10−14 ⁢(N) ✓

Δ⁢𝑣 𝐹 1.8 × 10−14

𝑎= = = ✓
Δ⁢𝑡 𝑚 9.11 × 10−31
(c) 2
1.97⁢×⁢1016 m s−2 ✓
ECF from (b).

Question 7 of 33

Question Answers Total

−1
gravitational field strength on the surface = 5.7 N kg ✓

show use of:

(a) 3
𝐺𝑀
𝑔= 2 ✓
𝑟
mass of the planet = 1.6⁢×⁢1024 k⁢g ✓

−(6.67 × 10−11)⁢(1.6 × 1024)⁢(15)

𝐸P = ✓
4.3 × 106
(b) 2
−3.72⁢×⁢108 (J) ✓
ECF from (a).

−(6.67 × 10−11)⁢(1.6 × 1024)⁢(3500)

𝐸P = ✓
(4.3 × 106 + 2.5 × 103)
(c) 2
−8.69⁢×⁢1010 ⁢(J) ✓
ECF from (a).

Question 8 of 33

Question Answers Total

(a) 2

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More information

The diagram consists of several concentric circles centered around a point labeled "P".
From this center, multiple arrows radiate outward in different directions, passing through
the concentric circles. Each arrow is uniform in size and spaced evenly, forming a circular
pattern. Two of the outermost circles are labeled "E" and "F" respectively, positioned on
the right side of the diagram. "E" is closer to the center than "F". The overall structure
resembles a target or radar with directional indicators.

[Generated by AI]

Equipotential lines are circular lines drawn around the sphere/point, closer near the point/sphere; at
least four lines drawn. ✓

straight field lines drawn perpendicular to equipotential lines and points from higher to lower
potential/pointing towards the point/sphere; at least six lines drawn. Each must be in contact with P. ✓

show use of

𝑘⁢𝑞
(b) 𝐸= ✓ 2
𝑟2
−4.5⁢×⁢10−11 C ✓
𝑉 1500
𝐸= ( ) = ✓
𝑑 0.075
(c) 2
2.0⁢×⁢104 N C−1 ✓
Allow 𝑉⁢𝑚−1.

Question 9 of 33

Question Answers Total

7
𝛥⁢𝑉𝑔 = ( − )⁢0.3⁢×⁢10 ✓

allow if working is seen

𝑊 = 𝑚⁢Δ⁢𝑉g ✓
(a) 3

change in potential energy = ( − )⁢0.3⁢×⁢107 × 4010 ​

= ( − )⁢1.2⁢×⁢1010 J ​✓
One mark for answer, one mark for correct sign.

(The satellite) will gain kinetic energy ✓

(b) 2
lose gravitational potential energy ✓

Question 10 of 33

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−11 24
𝐹 𝐺⁢𝑀 (6.67 × 10 )⁢(7.25 × 10 )
𝑔= = 2 = 2 ✓
(a)
𝑚 𝑟 (1.75 × 106) 2

= 157.9 ⁢N kg−1 ✓

(b) 𝑊 = 𝑚⁢𝑔 = (80)⁢(158) = 1.26⁢×⁢104 N ✓ 1

Use of proportionality; or accept

𝐺⁢𝑀 (6.67 × 10−11)⁢(7.25 × 1024)

(c) 𝑔= (
𝑟2
) = 2 ✓ 2
(250 × 103 + 1.75 × 106)

121 ⁢N kg−1✓

Question 11 of 33

Question Answers Total

show use of 𝐹 = 𝑞⁢𝑣⁢𝐵⁢sin⁡𝜃 ✓

(a) sin⁡𝜃 can be omitted only if there is explicit reference to the perpendicular motion 2

2.6 × 107 m s−1 ✓

centripetal force = electromagnetic force:

𝑚⁢𝑣2
= 𝐵⁢𝑞⁢𝑣 ✓
𝑟

𝑚⁢𝑣
(b) 𝑟= 3
𝑞⁢𝐵
(9.11 × 10−31)⁢(2.6 × 107)
= ✓
(1.6 × 10−19)⁢(1.6 × 10−2)
= 9.252 × 10−3
✓
= 9.3 × 10−3 m (2 s.f.)

(c) By moving parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. ✓ 1

Question 12 of 33

Question Answers Total

The gravitational force acting on the particle is too small. ✓

Or
(a) 1
The electric force acting on the particle is much larger than the gravitational
force/mg/weight of the particle. ✓

OWTTE.

(b) 2

More information

The image is a diagram consisting of multiple parallel vertical lines grouped

into two sections. On the left side, five vertical lines are labeled "X" at the

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Question Answers Total
top. On the right side, another group of five vertical lines is labeled "Y." The
lines in both groups are evenly spaced and uniform in length. This setup may
represent a comparison or categorization between two distinct sets X and Y,
but specific numerical values or further context are not provided within the
image.

[Generated by AI]

✓✓

Ignore the length of the lines.

The lines must be vertical.
Award [1] for one or two lines.
Award [2] for at least 3 lines.

𝑉
𝐸= ✓
𝑑
220
𝐸=
(c) (i) 0.45 2
𝐸 = 489 ⁢V m−1 o⁢r ⁢𝐸 = 490 V m−1✓

Award [1] for 4.89 or 4.90 or 4.9 V m–1.

Award [1] for any answer with V m–1 or N C–1.

More information

The image shows a diagram consisting of parallel lines with arrows,

connecting the vertical X-axis on the left to the vertical Y-axis on the right.
(c) (ii) The lines are drawn horizontally and evenly spaced. The X-axis is labeled 2
with a plus sign at each line level. On the Y-axis, there are alternating plus and
minus signs corresponding vertically to each line. An arrow at the bottom of
the diagram indicates the direction of an electric field labeled as 'E', pointing
from the X-axis towards the Y-axis. The lines suggest the field's direction and
uniformity across the space between the axes.

[Generated by AI]

Lines must be horizontal. ✓

Lines are perpendicular to the surfaces of X and Y. ✓

Award [1] for one or two lines.

Award [2] for at least 3 lines.

𝐹 = 𝑞⁢𝐸 ✓

𝐹 = 𝑞⁢𝐸 = 8.4 × 10−12 × 489 = 4.11 × 10−9 N ✓

𝐹 = 𝑚⁢𝑎 = 9.2⁢×⁢10−17⁢×⁢𝑎
(d) 4.11×⁢10−9 = 9.2⁢×⁢10−17⁢×⁢𝑎 ✓ 3
7 −2
𝑎 = 4.47⁢×⁢10 m s
Allow ECF from (c) (i).
Allow any answer between 4.4 × 107 and 4.5 × 107m s–2.
Award [2] if answer is correct apart from error in the power of ten.

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1
𝑊 = 𝑞⁢𝑉 = ⁢𝑚⁢𝑣2 ✓
2
(e) 2
𝑣 = 6.34⁢×⁢103 m s−1 ✓
Award [1] if answer is correct apart from error in the power of ten.

Question 13 of 33

Question Answers Total

𝑞 ⁢𝑞
𝐹 = 𝑘⁢ 1 2 2
𝑟
𝑟2
𝑘 = 𝐹⁢ ✓
(a) 𝑞1⁢𝑞2 2

k⁢g m3 s−4 A−2 ✓

Award [0] for N m2 C–2.

𝑞 ⁢𝑞
𝐸p = 𝑘⁢ 1 2 ✓
𝑟
6.75⁢×⁢10−6 J
Or
(b) 2
µ6.75 µ J ✓

Award [1] for using ‘ nC’ or ‘ cm’.

Accept answers between 6.6 × 10–6 and 6.8 × 10–6 J.
Award [1] for wrong power of ten.

Volt ✓

Or

Joule per coulomb

(c) (i) 1
Or

k⁢g m2 s−3 A−1

Do not award just ‘V’.

𝑘⁢𝑄
𝑉e = ✓
𝑟
2250 V✓
(c) (ii) 2

Award [2] for a bald correct answer.

Award [1] for using ‘nC’ or ‘ cm’.
Award [1] for wrong power of ten.

Question 14 of 33

Question Answers Total

𝑀
𝑣 = √2⁢𝐺⁢ ✓
𝑟

(a) (i) 2
3.06⁢×⁢108 m ✓

Accept the answer between 2.9⁢×⁢108 a⁢n⁢d 3.2⁢×⁢108.

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𝑀 𝑀
By combining of 𝑣 =
√2⁢𝐺⁢𝑟 and 𝑔 = 𝐺⁢ 2
𝑟

(a) (ii) 2
𝑣2
𝑔= ✓
2⁢𝑟
𝑔 = 0.24 N k⁢g−1✓

𝑀
𝑣 = √𝐺⁢
𝑟

(b) 𝑟 = (3.06 + 6.51) × 108 m ✓ 2

𝑣 = 4800 m s−1 ✓
Accept answers between 4750 and 4850.

Question 15 of 33

Question Answers Total

The objects are point mass. ✓

Or

Concentrated at their centres/have uniform density.

(a) (i) 1
Or

The bodies are spherical.

Accept one of the statements.

𝑀1⁢𝑀2
𝐹 = 𝐺⁢ 2
𝑟
3⁢𝑀 × 𝑀
𝐹 = 𝐺⁢ ✓
(8⁢𝑟)2

(a) (ii)
𝑀2 2
𝐹 = 4.7 × 10−2𝐺 ✓
𝑟2

Award [1] for the distance of 8⁢𝑟.

3 𝑀2
Award [2] for the answer of ⁢𝐺 .
64 𝑟2
𝑀1⁢𝑀2
𝐹 = 𝐺⁢ 2
𝑟
𝑟2
(a) (iii) And 𝐺 = 𝐹⁢ 2 ✓ 2
𝑀
m3 k⁢g−1 s−2 ✓

Award [0] for Nm2 kg–2.

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𝐺𝑀
𝑔= 2
𝑟
3⁢𝑀 𝑀 7.4 × 4
7.4 = 2
and 𝑔 = 2 = ✓
4⁢𝑟 𝑟 3
(b) 2
9.87 N k⁢g−1✓
Award [2] for a bald correct answer.
Allow m s–2 instead of N kg–1.
Accept answers between 9.80 and 9.95.

Question 16 of 33

Question Answers Total

𝑀
𝑔 = 𝐺⁢ 2
𝑟

(a) 6.0⁢×⁢1024 k⁢g 2

𝑔 = 6.67⁢×⁢10−11 N m2 k⁢g−2 × 2
✓
6
(6.37⁢×⁢10 m + 550 000 m)

𝑔 = 8.36 N k⁢g−1 o⁢r m s−2 ✓

𝐺⁢𝑀
𝑣o⁢r⁢b⁢i⁢t⁢a⁢l = √
𝑟

(b) 6.67⁢×⁢10−11 N m2 k⁢g−2⁢×⁢6.0⁢×⁢1024 k⁢g 2

𝑣o⁢r⁢b⁢i⁢t⁢a⁢l = √ 6 ✓
6.37⁢×⁢10 m + 550 000 m

𝑣o⁢r⁢b⁢i⁢t⁢a⁢l = 7605 m s−1 = 7600⁢m s−1 (2 s.f.) ✓

1200 k⁢g⁢×⁢6.0⁢×⁢1024 k⁢g

𝐸p, i⁢n⁢i⁢t⁢i⁢a⁢l = −6.67⁢×⁢10−11 N m2 k⁢g−2 × = −6.9399⁢×⁢1010 J
6.37⁢×⁢106 m + 550 000 m
✓

(c) 1200 k⁢g × 6.0⁢×⁢1024 k⁢g 3

𝐸p, f⁢i⁢n⁢a⁢l = −6.67⁢×⁢10−11 N m2 k⁢g−2 × 6 = −6.7494⁢×⁢1010 J
6.37⁢×⁢10 m + 750 000 m
✓

𝛥⁢𝐸p = 1.9⁢×⁢109 J ✓

At a higher altitude orbital speed will be smaller so the kinetic energy will not remain constant, it will be
reduced. ✓
(d) 2
The energy required to take the satellite into a higher orbit will then be smaller than the difference in
gravitational potential energy since there will be a decrease in kinetic energy. ✓

Question 17 of 33

Question Answers Total

(a) Downwards. ✓ 1

𝐹 = 𝑞⁢×⁢𝑣⁢×⁢𝐵

(b) 𝐹 = 1.60⁢×⁢10−19 C⁢×⁢2.50⁢×⁢106 m s−1⁢×⁢0.450⁢×10−3 T ✓ 2

𝐹 = 1.80⁢×⁢10−16 N ✓

The magnetic force is at all times perpendicular to the electron’s velocity. ✓

(c) 2
The work done by a force that is perpendicular to the direction in which an object is moving is zero. ✓

(d) 𝐹 = 𝑒⁢×⁢𝑣⁢×⁢𝐵 = 𝑚⁢×⁢𝑎 2

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𝑣2
𝑒⁢×⁢𝑣⁢×⁢𝐵 = 𝑚⁢×⁢
𝑟
𝑚⁢×⁢𝑣 9.110⁢×⁢10−31⁢×⁢2.50⁢×⁢106 m s−1
𝑟= = ✓
𝑒⁢×⁢𝐵 1.60⁢×⁢10−19 C⁢×⁢0.450⁢×⁢10−3 T
𝑟 = 0.0316 m ✓

The electric force on the electron would be acting upwards so as to cancel the magnetic force. ✓
(e) 2
The electric field would then be pointing downwards (on the diagram). ✓

The electric force must have the same magnitude as the magnetic force

𝐹e⁢l⁢e⁢c⁢t⁢r⁢i⁢c = 1.80⁢×⁢10−16⁢N = 𝑒⁢×⁢𝐸

(f) 1.80⁢×⁢10−16 N 2
𝐸= = 1125 N C−1
1.60⁢×⁢10−19 C
Allow ECF from (b).

Question 18 of 33

Question Answers Total

(a) Each planet orbits the Sun along an elliptical path. The Sun is located at a focus point of the elliptical orbit. ✓ 1

For shorter distances (closer to the perihelion) kinetic energy increases as gravitational potential energy decreases. ✓
(b) 2
For longer distances (closer to the aphelion) kinetic energy decreases as gravitational potential energy increases. ✓

Mars is not moving along an equipotential surface around the Sun. ✓

(c) 2
The distance from the Sun to Mars is not constant. Equipotential surfaces are spheres and the motion of Mars around the
Sun is not bounded to the surface of a sphere. ✓

𝑀M⁢a⁢r⁢s
𝑔 = 𝐺⁢ 2
𝑟

(d) 6.417⁢×⁢1023 k⁢g 2

𝑔 = 6.67⁢×⁢10−11 N⁢m2 k⁢g−2⁢×⁢ 2
✓
(3.3895⁢×106 m)

𝑔 = 3.73 ≪ N k⁢g−1 or m s−2 ≫ ✓

𝐺 × 𝑚S⁢u⁢n × 𝑚M⁢a⁢r⁢s
𝐸p = −
𝑟p⁢e⁢r⁢i⁢h⁢e⁢l⁢i⁢o⁢n

(e) 6.67⁢×⁢10−11 N⁢m2 k⁢g−2⁢×⁢1.989⁢×⁢1030 k⁢g⁢×⁢6.417⁢×⁢1023 k⁢g 2

𝐸p = − 11 ✓
2.067⁢×⁢10 m
𝐸p = −4.119⁢×⁢1032 J ✓

The change in kinetic energy is opposite to the change in gravitational potential energy.

𝐺 × 𝑚S⁢u⁢n × 𝑚M⁢a⁢r⁢s 𝐺 × 𝑚S⁢u⁢n × 𝑚M⁢a⁢r⁢s 1 1

𝛥⁢𝐸p = (− ) − (− ) = 𝐺 × 𝑚S⁢u⁢n × 𝑚M⁢a⁢r⁢s × ( − )✓
𝑟a⁢p⁢h⁢e⁢l⁢i⁢o⁢n 𝑟p⁢e⁢r⁢i⁢h⁢e⁢l⁢i⁢o⁢n 𝑟p⁢e⁢r⁢i⁢h⁢e⁢l⁢i⁢o⁢n 𝑟a⁢p⁢h⁢e⁢l⁢i⁢o⁢n

1 1
(f) 𝛥⁢𝐸p = 6.67⁢×⁢10−11 N⁢m2 k⁢g−2 × 1.989⁢×⁢1030 k⁢g × 6.417×1023 k⁢g × ( 11
− ) 3
2.067⁢×⁢10 m 2.492⁢×⁢1011 m
✓

𝛥⁢𝐸p = 7.024⁢×⁢1031 J ✓

From the perihelion to the aphelion there is a decrease in the kinetic energy equal to 7.02⁢×⁢1031 J.

Question 19 of 33

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Answer Total
D✓ 1

Question 20 of 33

Answer Total
A✓ 1

Question 21 of 33

Answer Total
D✓ 1

Question 22 of 33

Answer Total
A✓ 1

Question 23 of 33

Answer Total
B✓ 1

Question 24 of 33

Answer Total
C✓ 1

Question 25 of 33

Answer Total
A✓ 1

Question 26 of 33

Answer Total
A✓ 1

Question 27 of 33

Answer Total
C✓ 1

Question 28 of 33

Answer Total
B✓ 1

Question 29 of 33

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Answer Total
C✓ 1

Question 30 of 33

Answer Total
C✓ 1

Question 31 of 33

Answer Total
A✓ 1

Question 32 of 33

Answer Total
B✓ 1

Question 33 of 33

Answer Total
B✓ 1

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