ROCKS AND MINERALS
RESOURCES
P R E PA I R E D BY: G RO U P 3
What is Rocks?
Rocks are made up of ONE or more MINERALS
Rocks may be composed of only one kind of mineral
There are 3 types of Rocks
IGNEOUS ROCKS
o Igneous rocks form once magma cools as
they crystallized from a liquid called
molten rock.
o it is derived from the Latin word ignis
meaning fire
o Two types of Igneous rocks:
EXTRUSIVE INTRUSIVE
Extrusive
‣ made when magma cools outside of
the volcano
‣ has fine grains and hardly any crystals
‣ cools very quickly
Intrusive
‣ form when magma cools inside of the
volcano
‣ cool of slowly
‣ coarse in texture
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 2 EXAMPLES OF
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
o are formed from pre-existing rocks
or pieces of once-living organisms.
They form from deposits that
accumulate on the Earth's surface.
Sedimentary rocks often have
distinctive layering or bedding.
o Rocks breaking down by weathering
or erosion
WEATHERING Limestone
The process that takes place as rocks,
are broken down into smaller pieces.
Weathering can be cause water, air,
chemicals, plants, or even animals.
EROSION
Transportation of Weathered rocks from
one place to another. Coal
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
o are formed from pre-existing rocks
or pieces of once-living organisms.
They form from deposits that
accumulate on the Earth's surface. Limestone is used to make
Sedimentary rocks often have cement
distinctive layering or bedding.
o Rocks breaking down by weathering
or erosion
WEATHERING
The process that takes place as rocks, Sandstone for building
are broken down into smaller pieces. stone
Weathering can be cause water, air,
chemicals, plants, or even animals.
EROSION
Transportation of Weathered rocks from
one place to another. Coal is used in generating
electricity
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Metamorphic rocks are formed by the effect of heat and pressure
The heat from the magma and the pressure caused the surrounding sediments and materials These new rocks that form
from the tons of material above to change their composition and structure are called metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rocks are used for building
materials in art work beautiful statues
and vases are often made of marble
What is Minerals?
Naturally occurring, inorganic and homogeneous solid with definite chemical
composition and crystalline structure.
Some color of them are dark and the others are light color.
They are building blocks of rocks
CHARACTERISTICS OF
MINERALS
Color- is sometimes useful for example in the case of sulfur which is a very distinctive yellow however keep in
mind that minerals come in variety of color
Streak- the color of a mineral in its powdered form. It is usually obtained by rubbing the mineral on a hard,
white surface, such as a tile of unglazed porcelain, so as to yield a line, or streak, of fine powder
Hardness- Hardness is the resistance of a mineral to scratching. It is a property by which minerals may be
described relative to a standard scale of 10 minerals known as the Mohs scale of hardness.
Luster- is the property of minerals that shows how much or how well the mineral reflects light.
Tenacity- is the resistant of the mineral to breaking, crushing, or bending.
cleavage/fracture- If the crystal splits cleanly and smoothly along a flat plane the break is called cleavage.
If the break does not show flat planes, we simply call it fracture.
TYPES OF MINERAL RESOURCES Metallic Minerals- metallic minerals are minerals that contain metals their
METALLIC MINERALS chemical formula and metallic minerals have a shine of their own
NON-METALLIC MINERALS Non-metallic Minerals- Non metallic minerals are minerals that do not
contain any metal elements in their compounds and non metallic minerals
do not have a shine of their own.
Examples of Metallic minerals Example of non-metallic minerals
Gold Copper Limestone Granite
Mineral resources serves as raw materials for industries
Tin is used for making tin foils and food containers Copper is used for electric wires and transformers
Gold and silver are used for the reproduction Iron is the main material for steel bars used in
of pieces of jewelry buildings and road construction.
The most productive copper and gold producers in the Philippines are
found in Baguio, the province of Benguet, and in Surigao- Davao areas.
Leader
the Philippines is one of the world's richly endowed countries Nica Jane L. Pati
in terms of mineral resources
Members
Any concentration of these minerals, with a potential Yeisha B. Resulta
economic value that can be extracted at a profit, is
considered a mineral resources Zieann Garcia
Jhouie Famaran
Why are minerals and rocks important? Ravenroy Jalalon
They help us to develop new technologies and are used in Marco Lariza
our everyday lives. Our use of rocks and minerals includes
as building material, cosmetics cars, roads, and appliances.
