Bîn-cho̍k

Bîn-cho̍k (Hàn-jī: 民族; Eng-gí: nation) sī chi̍t khoán lâng ê chi̍p-thé, siông-sè ì-sù chē khoán jî-chhiáⁿ toè sî-kan leh kái-piàn. Bîn-cho̍k ê khài-liām pí cho̍k-kûn khah thiu-siōng jî-chhiá khah chèng-tī-sèng kiam hui-kò-jîn-sèng. Ta̍k-ê bîn-cho̍k tiāⁿ ū in ka-kī ê khí-goân sîn-ōe kah le̍k-sú, lēng-gōa iáu khó-lêng ū kāng-khoán ê bûn-hòa, tē-iân kah gí-giân.

Bîn-cho̍k, chiàu nation ê ēng-hoat, ia̍h ū óa-kīn "kok-ka" ê ì-sù, pau-koat chèng-tī-sèng ê pang-kok (state) kap tē-lí-sèng ê kok-ka (country). Chhiūⁿ bîn-cho̍k, pang-kok, kok-ka, cho̍k-kûn téng-téng, chia-ê iōng-gí giâm-keh ê ì-sù ū chha chóng-sī sú-iōng tang-tiong ke-kiám ū ài-māi ê só͘-chāi.

Ū-ê kok-ka pún-sin mā thang sǹg chi̍t-ê bîn-cho̍k, chóng-sī mā ū chin chē bîn-cho̍k bô kiàn-li̍p khí chú-khoân-sèng ê kok-ka, pí-lūn Bí-chiu ê Iroquois lâng.^[1]

Iōng-gí

"Bîn-cho̍k" chit jī sī kīn-tāi tùi se-iûⁿ giân-gí pí-lūn Eng-gí nation ê hoan-e̍k, tāi-seng lâi-goân sī Hoat-gí ê nacion, ū "tàn-seng" (naissance), "chhut-sin-tē" ê ì-sù. Gí-goân sī Latin-gí ê natio, chiàu-jī ì-sù to̍h sī "chhut-siⁿ".

Nation, nā chham-khó Hôa-gí-kài ê chit khoán sin hoan-e̍k, thang kóng "kok-cho̍k" (國族), chóng-sī nā khó-lū tio̍h koan-liân ê iōng-gí, pí-lūn nation-state, ē chō-sêng sûn-khoân tēng-gī ê būn-tê.^[2]

Bîn-cho̍k ê koan-liām

Kok-ka kap kong-bîn-sek

Tī chhan-chhiuⁿ Eng-kok, Hoat-kok, Se-pan-gâ, Hô-lân, Bí-kok kap Ka-ná-tah chi̍t khoán ê kok-ka, in-ê bîn-cho̍k sī chi̍t chióng khah chèng-tī-sek, kong-bîn-sek kap léng-thó͘-sèng--ê iōng-gí, m̄-sī óa-khò chong-kàu, chéng-cho̍k, cho̍k-kûn, he̍k-chiá sī bûn-hòa má-kuh leh sú-iōng, sī chiàu chū-sin pang-kok (state) ê léng-thó͘ tēng--chhut-lâi ê chèng-tī sêng-oân. Chiàu chit khoán lí-lō͘ lâi kóng bîn-cho̍k ê sêng-oân tiō sī in kok-ka ê kong-bîn, put-koán sī chhut-sì chò pún-kok-lâng he̍k-chiá sī āu--lâi kui-hòa--ê.^[3]

Bûn-hòa kap cho̍k-kûn-sek

Mā ū chi̍t khoán bîn-cho̍k koan-liām sī óa-khò chéng-cho̍k, cho̍k-kûn, chong-kàu, le̍k-sú, ia̍h kî-tha bûn-hòa goân-sò͘ koat-tēng--ê. In-ê sêng-oân ū khó-lêng sī kè-sêng--ê, hui-chū-goān--ê mi̍h, te̍k-pia̍t khah koan-sim in kiōng-tông chó͘-sian ê khài-liām. Nā chiàu chit khoán ì-sù, in-ê bîn-cho̍k sī thian-seng seⁿ-chiâⁿ ê tāi-chì. Chit khoán bûn-hòa ia̍h cho̍k-kûn-sek ê bîn-cho̍k koan-liām, sán-seng ê só͘-chāi sī 18 sè-kí ê Tek-kok, jî-chhiá hiòng Tang Au-chiu kap sè-kài kî-tha só͘-chāi pò-iông.^[3]

Cho̍k-kûn-sek ê bîn-cho̍k, sui-bóng it-poaⁿ mā ū kiàn-kok ê bo̍k-phiau, chóng-sī ē-tàng tī bô kiàn-kok ê chêng-hêng tang-tiong chûn-chāi. Che tùi chi̍t kóa jīn ka-tī chò bîn-cho̍k, m̄-koh bô kok-ka ê jîn-kûn lâi kóng sī te̍k-pia̍t ha̍h-ēng. Bû-kok-ka bîn-cho̍k (stateless nation), ū pí-lūn Se-pan-gâ ê Catalunya lâng, Eng-kok ê So͘-kat-lân-lâng, koh ū Ka-ná-tah ê Quebec lâng. Chiá-ê bîn-cho̍k bô it-tēng beh kiàn-kok. In sī-m̄-sī ū kok-ka, tōa-hūn sī koan-hē tio̍h khoân-le̍k chèng-tī ê būn-tê. Pí-lūn tùi Kurd bîn-cho̍k lâi kóng, í-keng ūi kiàn-kok phah-piàⁿ chin chē nî-tang, chóng-sī iû-oân siū kok-chè chèng-tī ê chó͘-gāi.^[3]

Chham-chiàu

↑ Nenad Miscevic. "Nationalism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2018-03-23 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ 施正鋒 (2015). "台灣民族主義的發展、現況、以及挑戰". 臺灣國際研究季刊. 11 (4).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Krishan Kumar (2006). "nationalism". Chū Bryan S. Turner. The Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-37145-5.

Koan-liân

Bîn-cho̍k-chú-gī

[1] Nenad Miscevic. "Nationalism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2018-03-23 khòaⁿ--ê.

[2] 施正鋒 (2015). "台灣民族主義的發展、現況、以及挑戰". 臺灣國際研究季刊. 11 (4).

[Kumar2006-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Krishan Kumar (2006). "nationalism". Chū Bryan S. Turner. The Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-37145-5.

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