複雜性創傷後壓力症候群：修订间差异

創傷性喪慟<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Bonanno GA | title = Is Complicated Grief a Valid Construct? | doi = 10.1111/j.1468-2850.2006.00014.x | journal = Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice | volume = 13 | issue = 2 | pages = 129–134 | year = 2006 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jacobs S, Mazure C, Prigerson H | title = Diagnostic criteria for traumatic grief | journal = Death Studies | volume = 24 | issue = 3 | pages = 185–99 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11010626 | pmc = | doi = 10.1080/074811800200531 }}</ref><ref name="Ambrose">{{cite web | url = http://www.restoringconnections.ca/assets/pdf/ambrose_traumatic_grief.pdf | title = Traumatic Grief: What We Need to Know as Trauma Responders | last = Ambrose | first = Jeannette | name-list-format = vanc | accessdate = 2020-08-31 | archive-date = 2017-07-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170728120222/http://www.restoringconnections.ca/assets/pdf/ambrose_traumatic_grief.pdf | dead-url = no }}</ref><ref name="Figley1997">{{cite book|first=Charles|last=Figley|name-list-format=vanc|title=Death And Trauma: The Traumatology Of Grieving|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oxwdm5tA59EC|access-date=28 October 2012|date=1 April 1997|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-56032-525-3|archive-date=2020-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729152703/https://books.google.com/books?id=oxwdm5tA59EC|dead-url=no}}</ref>或複雜性哀悼<ref name="Rando1993">{{cite book|first=Therese A.|last=Rando|name-list-format=vanc|title=Treatment of complicated mourning|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wXBHAAAAMAAJ|access-date=28 October 2012|date=February 1993|publisher=Research Press|isbn=978-0-87822-329-9|archive-date=2020-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729153108/https://books.google.com/books?id=wXBHAAAAMAAJ|dead-url=no}}</ref>為[[創傷]]和[[喪慟]]同時發生的狀況。<ref name="Rando1994">{{Cite book|last=Rando|first=Therese A.|name-list-format=vanc|title=Dying, death, and bereavement: theoretical perspectives and other ways of knowing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q3XAAAAMAAJ|access-date=28 October 2012|date=1 January 1994|publisher=Jones and Bartlett|isbn=978-0-86720-631-9|pages=253–271|contribution=Complications in Mourning Traumatic Death.|editor-last=Corless|editor-first=Inge B.|editor2-last=Germino|editor2-first=Barbara B.|editor3-last=Pittman|editor3-first=Mary|archive-date=2020-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729150946/https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q3XAAAAMAAJ|dead-url=no}}</ref> 創傷與喪親之間存在概念上的聯繫，因為失去親人本身就是創傷。<ref name="Green2000">{{Cite journal | vauthors = Green BL | doi = 10.1080/10811440008407845 | title = Traumatic Loss: Conceptual and Empirical Links Between Trauma and Bereavement | journal = Journal of Personal and Interpersonal Loss | volume = 5 | pages = 1–17| year = 2000 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref> 如果創傷事件{{link-en|危及生命|lethality}}，但沒有導致[[死亡]]，倖存者更可能經歷[[創傷後壓力症候群|創傷後壓力症狀]]。若有人死亡，且倖存者與其關係親近，也可能同時形成[[喪慟]]的症狀。當親人突然死亡或因暴力而死亡，兩種症狀將同時出現。這可能發生在遭受社區暴力的兒童身上。<ref name="PynoosNader1988">{{Cite journal | vauthors = Pynoos RS, Nader K | doi = 10.1002/jts.2490010406 | title = Psychological first aid and treatment approach to children exposed to community violence: Research implications | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-traumatic-stress_1988-10_1_4/page/445 | journal = Journal of Traumatic Stress | volume = 1 | issue = 4 | pages = 445–473 | year = 1988 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref><ref name = "NCTSNFirstAid">{{cite web |url=http://nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/psychological_1st_aid.pdf |title=Psychological First Aid |publisher=National Child Traumatic Stress Network |work=Adapted from Pynoos RS, Nader K (1988) |access-date=2012-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033259/http://nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/psychological_1st_aid.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

 

 

====與邊緣性人格障礙的差異和相似之處====