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== Horticultural Use ==
== Horticultural Use ==
Cornus ''drummondii'' should be grown in full sunlight and well drained soil. The Roughleaf Dogwood does not require much water to grow. The Roughleaf Dogwood does not require constant attention and grows very easily making it favorable to grow along buffer zones for highways and roundabouts as well as for yard decorators that need a tree that is easy to grow. Cornus ''drummondii'' is used often as an ornamental plant for yard decoration. Cornus ''Drummondii'' is used to decorate the median of highways and planted along forest edges. Cornus ''drummondii'' is often planted to attract birds as birds tend to favor the Roughleaf Dogwood fruit.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-09 |title=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The Botanic Garden of Texas |url=https://www.wildflower.org/ |access-date=2023-12-05 |website=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center |language=en-US}}</ref>
Cornus ''drummondii'' should be grown in full sunlight and well drained soil. The Roughleaf Dogwood does not require much water to grow. The Roughleaf Dogwood does not require constant attention and grows very easily making it favorable to grow along buffer zones for highways and roundabouts as well as for yard decorators that need a tree that is easy to grow. Cornus ''drummondii'' is used often as an ornamental plant for yard decoration. Cornus ''Drummondii'' is used to decorate the median of highways and planted along forest edges. Cornus ''drummondii'' is often planted to attract birds as birds tend to favor the Roughleaf Dogwood fruit.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-09 |title=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The Botanic Garden of Texas |url=https://www.wildflower.org/ |access-date=2023-12-05 |website=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Distribution ==
Cornus ''drummondii'' can be found in the United States of America as far west and south as Texas , as far east as New York, and as far north as Ontario in Canada. The native distribution is Mississippi to Texas to Ontario and from Ohio to Nebraska.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-07 |title=Cornus drummondii (Roughleaf dogwood) |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.16295 |access-date=2023-12-05 |website=CABI Compendium}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pomey |first=Marie-Pascale |last2=Denis |first2=Jean-Louis |last3=Bernier |first3=Mélina |last4=Vergnaud |first4=Simon |last5=Préval |first5=Johanne |last6=Saint-Lary |first6=Olivier |date=2019-04-11 |title=Innovation in Physician Remuneration in France: What Lessons for Canada? |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.13162/hro-ors.v7i2.3578 |journal=Health Reform Observer - Observatoire des Réformes de Santé |volume=7 |issue=1 |doi=10.13162/hro-ors.v7i2.3578 |issn=2291-6369}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mitchell |first=Richard S. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.140104 |title=A checklist of New York State plants |date=1986 |publisher=University of the State of New York, State Education Dept |series=Bulletin |location=Albany, N.Y}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 17:06, 5 December 2023

Cornus drummondii
Flowers
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Cornales
Family: Cornaceae
Genus: Cornus
Subgenus: Cornus subg. Kraniopsis
Species:
C. drummondii
Binomial name
Cornus drummondii
Natural range of Cornus drummondii
Flower cluster detail

Cornus drummondii, commonly known as the roughleaf dogwood, is a small deciduous tree that is native primarily to the Great Plains and Midwestern regions of the United States. It is also found around the Mississippi River.[3] It is uncommon in the wild, and is mostly found around forest borders. The roughleaf dogwood is used as a buffer strip around parking lots, in the median of highways and near the decks and patios of homes. It can grow to a height of 15 to 25 feet (4.6 - 7.6 m) with a spread of 10 to 15 feet (3.1 - 4.6 m). The roughleaf dogwood flowers during the summer months. It produces near-white four-petaled flowers that are followed by small white fruits, which ripen from August to October. These dogwoods can form a dense thicket that is used as cover for wildlife. Over forty species of birds are known to feed on the fruits.[4]

Description

Cornus drummondii is a deciduous tree from the Cornaceae family. Cornus drummondii produces fruit that ripens from August to October. It is uncommon in the wild, and is mostly found around forest borders. The Roughleaf Dogwood is used as a buffer strip around parking lots, in the median of highways and near the decks and patios of homes. The Roughleaf Dogwood is used as an ornamental tree because of its ability to survive with little care once mature because of it's tolerance to pests, low water requirements and tolerance to shade. It can grow to a height of 15 to 25 feet (4.6 - 7.6 m) with a spread of 10 to 15 feet (3.1 - 4.6 m). The Roughleaf Dogwood flowers during the summer months.[5] Cornus drummondii is listed as "Least Concern" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[6]

Foliage

Leaves: petiole 8–25 mm; blade lanceolate to ovate, 2–12 × 1.2–7.7 cm, base cuneate, truncate, or cordate, apex abruptly acuminate, abaxial surface pale green, hairs curved upward, dense, adaxial surface gray-green, hairs curved upward or appressed; secondary veins 3–4(–5) per side, most arising from proximal 1/2. The leaf is ovately shaped and has a pinnate venation. The leaves are an olive green color. The flowers bloom white and bloom in the months April to July.[7]

Growing Conditions

Cornus drummondii requires a low amount of water to grow. Can grow in Shaded or partially shaded areas. Will grow in dry or moist soil. Alkaline soil. C. drummondii can be grown in sandy, sandy loam, medium loam, clay loam, and clay soils. Unlike many of the dogwood's from the same genus, the Roughleaf Dogwood is very adaptable and can grow in a multitude of conditions.[8][9]

Habitat

The native habitat for Cornus drummondii are Swamps & marshes; wet to dry woods & thickets; lake & stream banks; dry, limestone hills. The unnatural habitat for Cornus drummondii is planted in highway buffer zones, forest edges along highways and used ornamentally.[10]

Taxonomy

The species name drummondii is named for Scottish naturalist Thomas Drummond by Carl Anton Von Mey in 1845. Drummond's collection of 750 plant species has been shared throughout museums and scientific institutions throughout the world. The genus name Cornus comes from the Latin word for horn, "Cornu" which is likely in reference to the tree's dense wood.[11]

Horticultural Use

Cornus drummondii should be grown in full sunlight and well drained soil. The Roughleaf Dogwood does not require much water to grow. The Roughleaf Dogwood does not require constant attention and grows very easily making it favorable to grow along buffer zones for highways and roundabouts as well as for yard decorators that need a tree that is easy to grow. Cornus drummondii is used often as an ornamental plant for yard decoration. Cornus Drummondii is used to decorate the median of highways and planted along forest edges. Cornus drummondii is often planted to attract birds as birds tend to favor the Roughleaf Dogwood fruit.[12]

Distribution

Cornus drummondii can be found in the United States of America as far west and south as Texas , as far east as New York, and as far north as Ontario in Canada. The native distribution is Mississippi to Texas to Ontario and from Ohio to Nebraska.[13][14][15]

References

  1. ^ Stritch, L. (2020). "Cornus drummondii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T130048308A174155624. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T130048308A174155624.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Cornus drummondii". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-09-21.
  3. ^ "Cornus Drummondii Range Map" (PDF). United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2008-02-29.
  4. ^ Gilman, Edward F.; Dennis G. Watson. "Cornus drummondii: Roughleaf Dogwood". Electronic Data Information System. University of Florida IFAS Extension. Retrieved 2011-09-21.
  5. ^ "Cornus drummondii (Roughleaf dogwood)". CABI Compendium. 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
  6. ^ "Salix taxifolia: Stritch, L." IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-03-19. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
  7. ^ Ziehr, Robert D.; Rea, Gary L.; Douglas, Joel L.; Spaeth, Kenneth E.; Peacock, George L.; Muir, James P. (2014). "Ontogenesis and nutritive value of warm-season perennial bunch grasses". Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales. 2 (2): 188. doi:10.17138/tgft(2)188-196. ISSN 2346-3775.
  8. ^ "Cornus drummondii (Roughleaf dogwood)". CABI Compendium. 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
  9. ^ Codignola, Luca (2023-01-12), "Giovanni da Verrazzano, Explorer", Atlantic History, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-973041-4, retrieved 2023-12-05
  10. ^ Yang, Piao; Zhao, Lijing; Gao, Yu Gary; Xia, Ye (2023-04-25). "Detection, Diagnosis, and Preventive Management of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae". Plants. 12 (9): 1765. doi:10.3390/plants12091765. ISSN 2223-7747.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  11. ^ "Cornus drummondii (Roughleaf dogwood)". CABI Compendium. 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
  12. ^ "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The Botanic Garden of Texas". Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. 2023-12-09. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
  13. ^ "Cornus drummondii (Roughleaf dogwood)". CABI Compendium. 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2023-12-05.
  14. ^ Pomey, Marie-Pascale; Denis, Jean-Louis; Bernier, Mélina; Vergnaud, Simon; Préval, Johanne; Saint-Lary, Olivier (2019-04-11). "Innovation in Physician Remuneration in France: What Lessons for Canada?". Health Reform Observer - Observatoire des Réformes de Santé. 7 (1). doi:10.13162/hro-ors.v7i2.3578. ISSN 2291-6369.
  15. ^ Mitchell, Richard S. (1986). A checklist of New York State plants. Bulletin. Albany, N.Y: University of the State of New York, State Education Dept.
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