Jump to content

Northrop Grumman

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Northrop Grumman Corporation
Company typePublic
IndustryAerospace, defense
Predecessor
Founded1994; 30 years ago (1994)
Headquarters
West Falls Church, Virginia
,
United States
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Kathy J. Warden
(President and CEO)
RevenueIncrease US$39.3 billion (2023)
Decrease US$2.54 billion (2023)
Decrease US$2.06 billion (2023)
Total assetsIncrease US$46.5 billion (2023)
Total equityIncrease US$14.8 billion (2023)
Number of employees
c. 101,000 (2023)
Websitewww.northropgrumman.com Edit this at Wikidata
Footnotes / references
[1][2]

Northrop Grumman Corporation is an American multinational aerospace and defense company. With 95,000 employees[3] and an annual revenue in excess of $30 billion, it is one of the world's largest weapons manufacturers and military technology providers.[4][5][6] The firm ranked No. 101 on the 2022 Fortune 500 list of America's largest corporations.[7]

Northrop Grumman and its industry partners have won the Collier Trophy nine times, most recently for the development and production of the James Webb Space Telescope, an orbiting observatory launched in 2021.[8]

Northrop Grumman leads the development of the B-21 Raider, a long-range, stealth strategic bomber that can drop conventional and nuclear weapons; it will replace Northrop's own B-2 Spirit, the world's only known stealth bomber. Among its other projects are the production of the solid rocket boosters for NASA's Space Launch System program. It was the sole bidder on the Air Force's Ground Based Strategic Deterrent program, which aims to develop and build a new intercontinental ballistic missile.

Business sectors

[edit]

As of the end of 2022, Northrop Grumman organized its business around four main sectors, each of which comprises two or more business areas:[9]

  • Aeronautics Systems
    • Autonomous Systems
    • Manned Aircraft
  • Defense Systems
    • Battle Management & Missile Systems
    • Mission Readiness
  • Mission Systems
    • Airborne Multifunction Sensors
    • Maritime/Land Systems & Sensors
    • Navigation, Targeting & Survivability
    • Networked Information Solutions
  • Space Systems
    • Space and Launch
    • Strategic Missiles

Aeronautics Systems

[edit]
Northrop Grumman developed and built the B-2 Spirit strategic bomber.

Aeronautics Systems, headquartered in Redondo Beach, California, at the historic Space Park, produces aircraft, spacecraft, high-energy laser systems and microelectronics for the U.S. and other nations. This includes surveillance and reconnaissance, protected communications, intelligence, battle management, strike operations, electronic warfare, to missile defense, Earth observation, space science and space exploration.[10] The B-2 Spirit strategic bomber, the E-8C Joint STARS surveillance aircraft, the RQ-4 Global Hawk, and the T-38 Talon supersonic trainer are used by the US Air Force. The US Army uses Northrop Grumman's RQ-5 Hunter unmanned air vehicle, which has been in operational use since 1995. The U.S. Navy uses Northrop Grumman-built aerial vehicles such as the BQM-74 Chukar, RQ-4 Global Hawk-based MQ-4C Triton, MQ-8 Fire Scout, Grumman C-2 Greyhound, Grumman E-2 Hawkeye, and the EA-6B Prowler. Northrop Grumman provides major components and assemblies for different aircraft, such as the F/A-18 Hornet, the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, the EA-18G Growler,[11] and the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II.[12] Aerospace systems also serves as the contractor for numerous space payloads and is the prime contractor for the James Webb Space Telescope.[13][14]

RQ-4 Global Hawk, a high-altitude, long-endurance surveillance platform

Mission Systems

[edit]
Mission Systems headquarters facility in Linthicum, Maryland

Northrop Grumman Mission Systems, headquartered in Linthicum, Maryland, creates military radar, sensors, and related products, including C4I radar systems for air defense, Airspace Management radar systems such as AMASS, and battlefield surveillance systems like the Airborne Reconnaissance Low (ARL). Tactical aircraft sensors include the AN/APG-68 radar, the AN/APG-80 AESA radar, and the AN/APG-83 AESA radar upgrade for the F-16 Fighting Falcon, the AN/APG-77 AESA radar for the F-22 Raptor, and the AN/APG-81 AESA radar for the F-35 Lightning II, and the AN/AAQ-37 electro-optical Distributed Aperture System (DAS) for the F-35, and the APQ-164 Passive Electronically Scanned Array (PESA) radar for the B-1 Lancer.[citation needed]

Mission Systems produces and maintains the AWACS aerial surveillance systems for the U.S., the United Kingdom, NATO, Japan, and others. Northrop Grumman is the prime contractor for the development and integration of the Air Force's $2-billion Multi-Platform Radar Technology Insertion Program. Northrop Grumman also supports the U.S. ballistic missile program, integrates various command, control and intelligence systems, and provides technical and management services, to governmental and military customers, all with an emphasis on cybersecurity. Many other smaller products are made by Northrop Grumman, such as night vision goggles and secure communications equipment.[citation needed]

Defense Systems

[edit]

The Defense Systems sector, headquartered in McLean, Virginia (with a Herndon mailing address[15]), works on "the entire life cycle of civil and defense platforms and capabilities through a range of services".[16] Vinnell, a Northrop Grumman subsidiary, provides training and communications for the military. In 2003, it landed a $48 million contract to train the Iraqi Army.[17] In 2005, the company won a $2 billion contract with Virginia to overhaul most of the state's IT operations.[18] Later that year, the United Kingdom paid $1.2 billion in a contract with the company to provide maintenance of its AWACS radar.[19]

Antares rocket (left); Cygnus spacecraft (right) held by ISS Canadarm2

Space Systems

[edit]

On June 7, 2018, the acquisition of Orbital ATK was completed, and the former company was absorbed in Northrop Grumman as a new business sector called Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.[20][21] With this acquisition, Northrop Grumman got more involved in the space industry, including the construction and launch of the Cygnus spacecraft. Until 2020 the firm was developing the OmegA space launch vehicle, intended to carry the U.S. government's national security satellites into space.[22][23]

With Northrop Grumman's reorganization of its divisions effective January 1, 2020, NGIS was split, with most of the sector merging with other Northrop Grumman businesses into a new Space Systems sector.[24][25][26]

On August 8, 2022, Northrop Grumman announced it was moving production of the engines and structures for its Antares rockets to the U.S. from Russia and Ukraine. The move of Antares production fully to the U.S. will happen through a partnership with Texas-based Firefly Aerospace. Northrop Grumman had purchased Russian RD-181 engines to power the Antares 230+ series, and the rocket's main body was manufactured by Ukraine's Yuzhmash State Enterprise. The new arrangement mainly resolves the break in Antares manufacturing caused by Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. But in addition to salvaging the Antares rocket series, the cost-sharing deal also helps ensure NASA's cargo missions to the International Space Station keep flying regularly and brings muscle to Firefly's plan to build a larger rocket called Medium Launch Vehicle (MLV).[27]

Northrop Grumman and Firefly Aerospace will jointly produce an upgraded version of the Antares rocket, which will be known as the Antares 330. Northrop will provide the A330s upper stage, avionics, software and launch site operations. Firefly will supply seven engines and build the A330s largest structure, the first stage booster. Northrop and Firefly will also jointly develop the MLV.[27]

Affiliated companies and partners

[edit]

Remotec, a Tennessee-based subsidiary, is a manufacturer of remote control vehicles for explosive ordnance disposal and hazardous material handling.[28] A UK-based subsidiary, Park Air Systems, provides VHF and UHF ground-to-air communications systems for the civil and defense markets. Northrop Grumman has also worked closely with Antenna Associates, Inc., a manufacturer of Identification friend or foe (IFF)/Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) antennas located in Massachusetts.[29]

In August 2007, Northrop Grumman acquired Scaled Composites in which it had previously owned a 40% stake.[30]

In 2008, Northrop Grumman began working with DHS Systems LLC, manufacturer of the Deployable Rapid Assembly Shelter (DRASH) in New York, as part of the U.S. Army's Standard Integrated Command Post System program.[31]

History

[edit]
Company logo used from 1994 to 2020
The assembly line for Northrop P-61 Black Widows at the Northrop plant in Hawthorne, California, in World War II. Center wings and fuselages take shape on the left, with more nearly finished airplanes on the right.[32]

Northrop Grumman can trace its lineage back to the beginning of the 20th century when the Grumman Corporation was founded on Long Island, New York. Here, Leroy R. Grumman established the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation in December 1929.[33] By 1939, the company has expanded and relocated to Bethpage, New York.[33] During World War II the company built most US Navy aircraft. After the war it branched out into making the first aluminum canoes using left-over materials no longer needed for aircraft. Later the firm created a myriad of products such as ballistic missiles, all-weather radars, the Apollo Lunar Module, land and sea-based fighter aircraft and Stealth bombers.[34]

Founded in California in 1939 by Jack Northrop, the Northrop Corporation was reincorporated in Delaware in 1985.[35] Northrop made a series of light-weight fighter aircraft such as the F-5, YF-17, and F-20. However, Northrop was best known for it experimental flying wing aircraft, the XB-35 and YB-49 of the late 1940s and early 1950s. These flying wing aircraft, while unsuccessful, would pave the way for the B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber, on which Northrop was the prime contractor.[36][37] After the end of the Cold War, Northrop made a series of acquisitions, buying Grumman Aerospace, Westinghouse and TRW Inc. in addition to a number of other enterprises.[34] In 2018, Northrop Grumman completed the purchase of Orbital ATK, which has since been renamed to Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems. Northrop Grumman is one of the largest defense contractors in the world.[38][39]

1990s

[edit]

In 1994, Northrop Aircraft bought Grumman Aerospace, which built the Apollo Lunar Module[40] to create Northrop Grumman (NG) at a cost of $2.1 billion.[41] The company purchased the remaining 51% interest in Vought Aircraft Company (Vought) in August 1994 for $130 million taking full control of the company after it had purchased an initial 49% interest in September 1992 for $45 million.[citation needed]

In 1996, the new company acquired substantially all of the defense and electronics systems business of Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Westinghouse Electronic Systems, a major manufacturer of radar systems, for $2.9 billion,[42] and Xetron Corporation. In 1997, the defense computer contractor Logicon was added, which had acquired Geodynamics Corporation in March 1996 and Syscon Corporation in February 1995.[43][44]

Northrop was the prime contractor on the radical YF-23 which was one of two candidates for the Advanced Tactical Fighter but would eventually lose to the F-22 Raptor.[45] Northrop later partnered with Lockheed on the F-35 and serves as a principal member of the Lockheed Martin industry led team.[12]

In 1998, a merger between Northrop Grumman and competitor Lockheed Martin was considered but abandoned after resistance from the Department of Defense and Department of Justice.[46] That same year, it acquired Inter-National Research Institute Inc. In 1999, the company acquired Teledyne Ryan, developer of surveillance systems and unmanned aircraft, California Microwave, Inc., and the Data Procurement Corporation.[47][48][49] On March 19, 1999, Northrop Grumman revised its fourth-quarter results to a net loss because of problems related to its dealings with start-up satellite launch company Kistler Aerospace Corp.[50][vague] In 1999, Northrop Grumman and SAIC created AMSEC LLC as a joint venture, which grew "from $100 million in revenue in 2000 to approximately $500 million in fiscal year 2007."[51]

2000s

[edit]
Northrop-Grumman DARPA Quiet Supersonic Platform (QSP) 2002 concept for a long-range supersonic cruise aircraft with a less intense sonic boom[52]

In 2000, NG acquired Federal Data Corporation, Navia Aviation As, Comptek Research, Inc., and Sterling Software, Inc.[53]

In 2001, the company acquired Litton Industries, a shipbuilder and defense electronics systems provider for the U.S. Navy.[54] During the acquisition process, a new Delaware holding company, NNG, Inc., was formed, which merged with Northrop Grumman through a one-for-one common shares exchange in April 2001. Both Northrop Grumman and Litton became subsidiaries of the new holding company. The original Northrop Grumman Corporation then changed its name to "Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation"; the holding company, NNG, Inc., changed its name to "Northrop Grumman Corporation". Later that year, Newport News Shipbuilding was added.[55]

On November 1, 2001, Northrop Grumman restated its third-quarter profit after halting work on two ships for American Classic Voyages, which filed for bankruptcy protection.[56]

In 2002, Northrop Grumman acquired TRW Inc.,[57] which had acquired Braddock Dunn & McDonald (BDM) in 1997, and became the Space Technology sector based in Redondo Beach, California, and the Mission Systems sector based in Reston, Virginia, with sole interest in their space systems and laser systems manufacturing.[58] The Aeronautical division was sold to Goodrich, and the automotive divisions were spun off and retained the TRW name.[59]

There were 15 acquisitions from 1994 to 2003.[citation needed]

Northrop Grumman partnered with EADS from the mid-2000s to offer the KC-30 Multi Role Tanker Transport aircraft[60] in the U.S. Air Force's KC-X tanker competition.[61] In February 2008 the U.S. Air Force chose KC-30,[62] but in September 2008 the Defense Department suspended the tanker program and in March 2010, Northrop Grumman announced it was withdrawing from the competition, deeming the revised requirements to be weighted in favor of the Boeing KC-46.[63]

On January 1, 2006, Northrop Grumman opened its business sector called 'Technical Services'.[64] Northrop Grumman and Boeing collaborated on a design concept for NASA's upcoming Orion spacecraft (previously the Crew Exploration Vehicle), but the contract went to rival Lockheed Martin on August 31, 2006.[65]

In 2006, Northrop Grumman had intended to bid for the U.S. Air Force's Next-Generation Bomber. Though it has not built a large manned aircraft since wrapping up B-2 Spirit production in the 1990s, the company has "been working hard to turn that perception around, with the skills and capabilities that back it up."[66] However, by 2009, the teams working on that project were dispersed, as USAF's focus turned to a long-range strike instead. Northrop Grumman was one of two teams competing for the Long Range Strike Bomber, and in October 2015 won the contract for the Long Range Strike Bomber.[67][68]

On July 20, 2007, Northrop Grumman became the sole owner of Burt Rutan's Scaled Composites.[69]

In 2007, Northrop Grumman created 'National Workforce Centers' as an alternative to offshoring.[70] Locations are Auburn, Alabama; Corsicana, Texas; Fairmont, West Virginia; Helena, Montana; Johnstown, Pennsylvania; and Lebanon, Virginia. The Rapid City, South Dakota location closed in January 2012.[71]

In July 2008, three of four Northrop Grumman employees (Thomas Howes, Marc Gonsalves and Keith Stansell) were freed during Operation Jaque after five years of captivity following their aircraft crash in the Colombian jungle. The fourth employee, Tom Janis, had been killed by the FARC shortly after the crash in 2003.[72]

Rendering of the $8.7B James Webb Space Telescope

In January 2008, Northrop Grumman combined its Newport News and Ship Systems sectors into a new business unit named Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding.[73] On March 31, 2011, this was spun off as Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. (NYSE: HII).[74]

2010s

[edit]

In November 2010, NASA selected Northrop Grumman for consideration of potential contract awards for heavy lift launch vehicle system concepts, and propulsion technologies.[75]

From 2013, Northrop Grumman participates in the DARPA Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node (TERN) program, and received $2.9 million for Phase 1[76] and $19 million for Phase 2.[77][78][79] The TERN program attempts to launch and recover a UAV from mid-size ships to provide long distance intelligence gathering.[80]

In July 2013, Northrop Grumman won a training-simulation contract potentially worth $490 million to support the U.S. Air Force's next-generation aerial warfare virtual-training network.[81]

As of 2018, Northrop Grumman became the primary contractor for the James Webb Space Telescope.[82][83]

In October 2015, the US Military announced it had awarded Northrop Grumman the contract for the successor to the B-1 and B-52, subsequently identified as the B-21. The initial value is $21.4 billion, and could eventually be worth up to $80 billion.[84]

In September 2017, Northrop announced its intention to acquire missile and rocket manufacturer Orbital ATK Inc for $9.2 billion: $7.8 billion in cash plus $1.4 billion in net debt.[85] On November 29, 2017, the acquisition was approved by Orbital ATK stockholders[86] and on June 6, 2018, the merger closed after final FTC approval. The acquired company assets and naming were absorbed and become a division named Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.[87]

2020s

[edit]

In June 2020, NASA granted a $935 million contract to Northrop Grumman for the Lunar Gateway Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO) module, based on its Cygnus cargo spacecraft.[88] In July 2022, Northrop subcontracted Solstar to provide the wireless-enabling technology to enable a Wi-Fi access for employees and equipment in the module.[89][90]

In September 2020, Northrop Grumman won a $298 million sole-source contract for the Evolved Strategic Satcom program, an anti-jam communications satellite program intended to replace the Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF) satellite program where Northrop Grumman was a subcontractor to Lockheed Martin.[91][92]

In December 2020, Northrop sold its federal IT and mission support business to Veritas Capital for $3.4 billion in cash. Veritas placed the group into its Peraton subsidiary.[93] The sale closed in February 2021.[94]

The Mars Ascent Propulsion System for Mars sample-return mission Ascent Vehicle contract was awarded to Northrop Grumman on March 5, 2021. For this Northrop Grumman to make a 3–meter long, two-stage, solid-fueled Mars ascent rocket for the Mars Sample Return mission. This mission is to collect Perseverance's samples for return to Earth.[95]

In August 2022, Northrop Grumman announced it was moving production of the engines and structures for its Antares rockets to the U.S. from Russia and Ukraine. The move of Antares production fully to the U.S. will happen through a partnership with Texas-based Firefly Aerospace. Northrop Grumman had purchased Russian RD-181 engines to power the Antares 230+ series, and the rocket’s main body was manufactured by Ukraine’s Yuzhmash State Enterprise.[30]

Northrop Grumman's B-21 Raider is forecasted to enter test flights as early as late 2023, with the United States Air Force forecasted to acquire operational aircraft as early as 2030.[96] It was reported in October 2023 that taxi tests for the B-21 Raider were underway.[97]

In May 2024, Northrop Grumman unveiled the Manta Ray, an underwater drone developed for the Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency (DARPA). The drone, which resembles its namesake sea creature, was designed to carry out long-duration, long-range military missions, including extended loitering on the sea bottom. The development of the Manta Ray posed several technical challenges, including overcoming the corrosive nature of seawater, preventing sea life from interfering with moving components, and operating under conditions where electromagnetic radiation, including sunlight, does not propagate well.[98] The craft uses two four-bladed propellers on the wings to enhance the propulsion provided by its gliding system, which glides forward while moving up and down in the water column by changing its buoyancy.[99] With an emphasis on minimal human oversight, the creation of the Manta Ray represents a significant advancement in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) technology.[98]

In September 2024, Northrop Grumman won the U.S. Missile Defense Agency (MDA) competition to develop and build the Glide Phase Interceptor (GPI).[100]

Finances

[edit]
Year Revenue
in mil. US$ 		Operating income
in mil. US$ 		Total assets
in mil. US$ 		Employees
2014[101] 23,979 3,196 26,545 64,300
2015[101] 23,526 3,076 24,424 65,000
2016[101] 24,508 3,193 25,614 67,000
2017[101] 25,803 3,299 34,917 70,000
2018[102] 30,095 3,780 37,653 85,000
2019[103] 33,841 3,969 41,089 90,000
2020[104] 36,799 4,065 44,469 97,000
2021[104] 35,667 5,651 42,579 88,000
2022[105] 36,602 3,601 43,755 95,000

Corporate governance

[edit]

From 1990 to 2003, before the merger with Grumman in 1994, Kent Kresa was the CEO of the company, who led the serial-acquisition strategy with a total of 15 additional acquisitions from 1994 to 2003, including Litton, Logicon, Westinghouse's defense electronics business, Ryan Aeronautical and Newport News Shipbuilding, and TRW. He then retired in 2003 at age 65.

In 2003 Ronald Sugar, the former chief operating officer, took over as CEO.[106] Effective October 1, 2003, Sugar also served as the company chairman of the board.[107]

In January 2010, Wes Bush succeeded as CEO and became company president.[108]

In November 2015, Gloria Flach was named COO. She is the former president of the company's electric services sector.[109]

On July 12, 2018, Wes Bush announced that he would step down as CEO effective January 1, 2019, and would remain chairman of the board until July 2019. His successor is Kathy J. Warden, who has served in numerous roles at the company, most recently president and COO.

Board of directors

[edit]

As of July 22, 2022:[110]

Corporate headquarters

[edit]

Since 2011, Northrop Grumman's headquarters are in West Falls Church, Virginia (previously Jefferson), unincorporated Fairfax County, Virginia.[111][112]

Prior to 2010, the company was headquartered in Century City, Los Angeles,[113] but announced plans on January 4, 2010, to move to the Washington Metropolitan Area by 2011[114] to be closer to government customers.[115] CEO Wesley Bush stated that the company needed to be located close to Capitol Hill lawmakers and officials from intelligence and military communities.[116] Northrop Grumman considered sites in Washington, D.C., and in suburbs in Maryland and Virginia.[115] The Los Angeles Business Journal wrote "In a way, the announcement was not a surprise" due to the trend of aerospace companies moving to the DC area, the fact that the new CEO is from West Virginia and that CEOs often move corporate headquarters to places that they want the headquarters located. A Los Angeles area economic development consultant described the move announcement as a "structural failure at all levels for Los Angeles County."[116]

District of Columbia economic development officials were "pitching the city's urban hipness and proximity to Capitol Hill power brokers" to Northrop Grumman. Maryland promoted its highly educated workforce and its large number of federal facilities, while Virginia marketed itself as a state with relatively low taxes.[117]

In July 2010, the company announced its purchase of an existing building in Fairfax County and its move in summer 2011. It planned to consolidate its Century City headquarters and its existing Arlington County, Virginia, offices into the new headquarters. It employed about 40,000 in the Washington DC metropolitan area, including DC and surrounding Maryland and Virginia.[111]

Accolades and criticism

[edit]

Northrop Grumman was named Forbes's Company of the Year in 2002.[106] Forbes's announcement credited the company with "master[ing] the art of innovation."[118] As of 2019, the company is included on Forbes' list of "America's Best Large Employers".[119]

Since 2005 Northrop Grumman credits itself with sponsoring educational programs[120] and donating thousands of dollars to various charities.[121][122]

Many members of the U.S. government have attended company events and spoken highly of the company and its contributions, for example John McCain.[123] In December 2007, Northrop Grumman Corporation was awarded the Ron Brown Award for Corporate Leadership, the only presidential award recognizing companies for outstanding achievement in employee and community relations.[124]

Environmental record

[edit]

In 2000, Northrop Grumman was designated a Primary Responsible Party under federal Superfund laws at 13 hazardous waste sites and under state Superfund laws at eight sites.[50] The corporation has also been linked to 52 superfund toxic waste sites.[125] Based on 2008 data, Northrop Grumman was the 62nd-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States, per the Political Economy Research Institute of the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Northrop Grumman facilities released more than 23,798 pounds of toxic chemicals into the air in that year.[126]

In 2002, the Bethpage Community Park in Bethpage, New York, owned by the company until the 1960s, was closed due to soil contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).[127] The company dumped cadmium, arsenic, chromium-tainted sludge, solvents, paints and PCBs at the site between 1949 and 1962.[127] Additionally, two toxic chemical plumes centered under Bethpage Community Park and other surrounding land formerly owned by Grumman or Northrop Grumman have spread to under neighboring houses.[127] In November 2013, the Bethpage Water District filed a multimillion-dollar lawsuit against Northrop Grumman in Federal Court for the Eastern District of New York for contaminating the groundwater in Bethpage.[128][129]

In 2003, the company was among 84 parties with which the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Justice, and the state of New York reached an estimated US$15 million settlement for the rehabilitation of the Mattiace Petrochemical Company Superfund site in Glen Cove, Long Island.[130] In the same year, Northrop Grumman agreed to pay $33,214 after EPA inspectors found hazardous waste violations at the Capistrano test site.[131]

As a response to many of the previous claims, the company has stood up as an organization for social responsibility.[citation needed] In 2008, Northrop Grumman launched its Environmental Sustainability program and an EHS Leadership Council, to advance its commitment to environmental performance both internally and externally. The Greenhouse Gas Inventory Project was launched to accurately quantify company-wide greenhouse gas emissions and to reduce the carbon footprint of Northrop Grumman operations, in anticipation of upcoming regulations.[132]

In October 2010, the company was named one of Computerworld's Top 12 Green-IT Organizations for its large-scale data center migration effort.[133]

In 2019, Northrop Grumman was named the US's largest corporate contributor to water pollution by the Political Economy Research Institute of the University of Massachusetts Amherst.[134]

Political contributions and governmental ties

[edit]

From 1990 to 2002, Northrop Grumman contributed $8.5 million to federal campaigns.[135] According to PAC summary data compiled by Source Watch, the company gave US$1,011,260 to federal candidates in the 2005–2006 election cycle, compared to $10,612,837 given by all defense contractors in the same cycle.[136] This donation amount was only behind that of General Dynamics and Lockheed Martin in the defense industry. The majority of the contributions, 63%, went to Republicans.[137] Former Northrop Grumman Electronics Systems chief James G. Roche served as Secretary of the Air Force for two years under George W. Bush. Roche would eventually be nominated to head the Army, but withdrew his nomination among accusations of mismanaging a contract with Boeing and of failing to properly handle the Air Force sexual assault scandals of 2003.[138] According to CorpWatch, "at least seven former officials, consultants, or shareholders of Northrop Grumman" have held posts "in the Bush administration...including Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz, Vice-Presidential Chief of Staff I. Lewis Libby, Pentagon Comptroller Dov S. Zakheim, and Sean O'Keefe, director of NASA." Wolfowitz and Libby have both since left the government amid scandals.[139]

The company engages third-party lobbying firms in jurisdictions where it has interests. For example, in South Australia it works with lobbying firm CMAX Communications.[140]

Controversies

[edit]

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Northrop was the target of several high-profile criminal and civil cases.[141]

In 1995, Robert Ferro, an employee for TRW Inc., a company Northrop Grumman acquired in 2002, discovered that satellite components manufactured for the U.S. Air Force (USAF) were faulty and likely to fail in operation. TRW suppressed Ferro's report of the problem and hid the information from the USAF, even after a satellite in space equipped with the faulty components experienced serious anomalies. Ferro later sued Northrop Grumman in federal court under the federal whistle-blower law.[142]

In 1999, the company was sued for knowingly giving the Navy defective aircraft. This suit sought $210 million in damages.[143] Ten years later, on April 2, 2009, Northrop Grumman agreed to pay $325 million to settle the suit.[144] Ferro was awarded $48.8 million of the settlement. Northrop Grumman stated, "it believed that TRW had 'acted properly under its contracts' and that the company had substantive defenses against the claims."[145]

In 2001, federal investigators probed NG for fraud of more than $100 million, systematic overcharging for radar jammers and other high-tech devices used in the B-1 bomber, the F-15 fighter and the B-2 Stealth bomber.[146] In 2003, the company was sued for overcharging the U.S. government for space projects in the 1990s.[147] Northrop Grumman paid $111.2 million to settle out of court.[148]

From August 25 to September 2, 2010, Virginia's computer system operated by NG, under a $2.4 billion contract, experienced an outage which resulted in around 45,000 citizens not being able to renew their drivers licenses prior to their expiration. Computer systems for 26 of the state's 89 agencies were affected and Governor Bob McDonnell announced that some data may have been permanently lost.[149][150] In 2010 Northrop Grumman apologized for the outage, and agreed to fund an investigation.

In 2012, controversy began over Northrop Grumman's Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System (IBCS), when it missed its first deadline. Since then, the system has had a number of controversial developments.[151] In 2016, a Director, Operational Test and Evaluation found a number of major faults with the system, concluding it was "neither mature nor stable".[152]

Northrop Grumman's supply of weapons to Israel led to protests against the company during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war, including blocking the entrances at facilities in San Diego and Plymouth, Minnesota.[153][154][155][156] Students on hunger strike at Brown University named Northrop Grumman as a company to divest from.[157]

International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) violations

[edit]

U.S. State Department investigators found that Litton Industries, a subsidiary acquired by Northrop Grumman in 2000, had provided portions of source code used by guidance and navigation system interfaces aboard Air Force One to a company in Russia in 1998. Northrop Grumman agreed to pay a $15 million fine for 110 violations, occurring between September 1998 and November 1998, of the Arms Export Control Act and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR).[158]

Additionally, documents filed by the State Department state that between 1994 and 2003, Northrop Grumman failed to notify the U.S. State Department about the computer guidance systems also being transferred to Angola, Indonesia, Israel, China, Ukraine and Yemen.[159]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Company Leadership". Archived from the original on October 31, 2015. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
  2. ^ "Northrop Grumman Corporation 2023 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. January 25, 2024.
  3. ^ "About Us". Northrop Grumman. Archived from the original on August 13, 2019. Retrieved June 20, 2023.
  4. ^ Defense News
  5. ^ SIPRI Top 100 Arms-Producing and Military Services Companies SIPRI. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
  6. ^ "Northrop Grumman Rises 10 Spots on DiversityInc's 2011 Top 50 Companies for Diversity List (NYSE:NOC)". Irconnect.com. March 10, 2011. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  7. ^ "Fortune 500 Companies". Fortune. 2022. Retrieved September 8, 2022.
  8. ^ "Northrop Grumman and the Robert J. Collier Trophy". December 20, 2019.
  9. ^ Northrop Grumman 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.
  10. ^ Northrop Grummann (n.d.). "About Us, Business sectors: Aeronautics Systems". Northrop Grummann Corporation. Retrieved December 5, 2014.
  11. ^ Tomkins, Richard. "Northrop Grumman delivers first shipset for Australian Growler" UPI, March 26, 2015.
  12. ^ a b "F-35 Lightning II". Archived from the original on February 10, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  13. ^ "Portfolio - Northrop Grumman in Space". Archived from the original on July 24, 2018. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  14. ^ "James Webb Space Telescope". www.northropgrumman.com. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
  15. ^ "2010 CENSUS - CENSUS TRACT REFERENCE MAP: Fairfax County, VA" (PDF). Retrieved July 29, 2018.
  16. ^ "Technology Services" Archived January 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine Northrop Grumman Corporation. Retrieved: September 18, 2017.
  17. ^ "$48 Million To Train Iraqi Army". Defense News. July 7, 2003.[dead link‍]
  18. ^ McDougall, Paul (November 15, 2005). "Virginia Taps Northrop Grumman for $2 Billion IT Overhaul". Information Week. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2006.
  19. ^ "Britain Issues $1.2B E-3D AWACS Support Contract". Defense Industry Daily. August 16, 2005. Archived from the original on April 4, 2006. Retrieved April 4, 2006.
  20. ^ Clark, Stephen (June 7, 2018). "Northrop Grumman completes Orbital ATK acquisition". Spaceflightnow.com. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  21. ^ Erwin, Sandra (June 5, 2018). "Acquisition of Orbital ATK approved, company renamed Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems". Spacenews.com. Archived from the original on March 1, 2019. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
  22. ^ "Space Launch Vehicles". Northrop Grumman. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  23. ^ Erwin, Sandra (September 9, 2020). "Northrop Grumman to terminate OmegA rocket program". SpaceNews. Retrieved November 19, 2020.
  24. ^ "Northrop launches new divisions focused on space, cyber, unmanned tech". September 20, 2019. Archived from the original on September 23, 2019. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  25. ^ "Northrop Grumman Announces Realigned Operating Sectors". Washington Exec. September 25, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2020.
  26. ^ "Northrop Grumman Announces Organization and Leadership Changes".
  27. ^ a b Sheetz, Michael (August 9, 2022). "Northrop Grumman moves Antares rocket work to U.S. from Russia and Ukraine with Firefly partnership". CNBC. Retrieved August 10, 2022.
  28. ^ Kenen, Isaiah L. (2002). Near East Report. Near East Report, Incorporated. p. 10.
  29. ^ "Providing innovative solutions". Antenna Associates. Archived from the original on September 1, 2016. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  30. ^ a b "Northrop Grumman Corporation". National Info. Archived from the original on September 13, 2016. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  31. ^ "NG, DHS Technologies to support SICPS/TMSS." United Press International, June 18, 2008.
  32. ^ Parker 2013, pp. 93–94.
  33. ^ a b Society, American Astronautical (2010). Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 501. ISBN 978-1-85109-519-3.
  34. ^ a b "Our Heritage". Archived from the original on February 23, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  35. ^ Parker 2013, pp. 25, 93.
  36. ^ Sweetman, Bill (1999). Inside the Stealth Bomber. Osceola, Wi, USA: MBI Publishing Company. pp. 19–33. ISBN 0-7603-0627-3.
  37. ^ Coleman, Ted (1988). Jack Northrop and the Flying Wing. New York, NY: Paragon House Publishing. pp. 228–242. ISBN 1-55778-079-X.
  38. ^ Majumdar, Dave (November 10, 2016). "Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Boeing and Raytheon: America's 5 Top Defense Contractors". The National Interest. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
  39. ^ "${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} Company Profile - Reuters.com". Reuters.com. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
  40. ^ "Grumman Apollo Lunar Module Propulsion Reports and Photographs [Arons], Accession number 2005-0010". National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  41. ^ Sims, Calvin (April 5, 1994). "Northrop bests Martin Marietta to buy Grumman". The New York Times. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  42. ^ Gilpin, Kenneth N. (January 4, 1996). "2 Westinghouse Industrial Units Sold to Northrop for $3 Billion". The New York Times. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  43. ^ Gilpin, Kenneth N. (May 6, 1997). "Northrop to Purchase Logicon in a $750 Million Stock Swap". The New York Times. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  44. ^ "Logicon Inc. History". Funding Universe. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  45. ^ Majumdar, Dave (April 18, 2018). "The Story of the F-23 Fighter: The Plane That Would Have Replaced the F-22". The National Interest. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
  46. ^ Becker, David G.; Sklar, Richard L. (January 1, 1999). Postimperialism and World Politics. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 92. ISBN 9780275966133. Having lost the battle with Raytheon, Northrop Grumman agreed in late 1997 to be acquired by Lockheed Martin for $11.6 billion. The deal was abandoned by Lockheed in July 1998 when it became apparent that the Department of Justice and the Department of Defense were determined to prevent the merger, which would have given Lockheed a monopolistic position in key defense technologies.
  47. ^ Gara, Antoine (June 29, 2017). "M&A Flashback: Northrop's Takeover of Grumman Led Defense Stocks Out Of The Cold War". Forbes. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  48. ^ Schneider, Greg (March 12, 1999). "Northrop builds 'empire'; Company to purchase defense units from California Microwave". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  49. ^ Johnston, Margret (May 30, 1999). "Northrop to merge DPC into Logicon". FCW. Archived from the original on February 9, 2020. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  50. ^ a b Security and Exchange Commission (July 24, 2000). "Northrop Grumman Corp. announces restatement". SEC.gov.
  51. ^ Hubler, David (July 16, 2007). "SAIC, Northrop divvy up Amsec". Washington Technology. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  52. ^ Hart, Jim (September 26, 2002). "Northrop Grumman Unveils Concept for Quiet Supersonic Aircraft". Retrieved August 21, 2023.
  53. ^ "Mergers And Acquisitions". The Washington Post. February 20, 2003. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  54. ^ Schneider, Greg (April 4, 2001). "Northrop Completes Purchase of Litton". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  55. ^ Merle, Renae (November 9, 2001). "Northrop Seals Deal to Buy Newport News". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  56. ^ "Stryker Operating Results for Quarter and Year Ended December 31, 1999". Archived from the original on October 17, 2015. Retrieved September 7, 2013.
  57. ^ Wayne, Leslie (July 2, 2002). "Northrop to Buy TRW for $7.8 Billion". The New York Times. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  58. ^ Wait, Patience (December 13, 2002). "Northrop Grumman creates two new sectors out of TRW, names leaders". Washington Technology. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  59. ^ "Goodrich Buys TRW Aerospace". Aviation Week & Space Technology. June 21, 2002. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  60. ^ "EADS & Northrop Grumman Offer USAF an Airbus Tanker Option". Defense Industry Daily. September 9, 2005. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  61. ^ "Air Force Posts KC-X Request for Proposals -news release". Af.mil. US Air Force. January 30, 2007. Archived from the original on February 15, 2007. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
  62. ^ "Air Force dumps Boeing for Northrop, Airbus". The Associated Press. March 1, 2008. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  63. ^ Ostrower, Jon. "Northrop Grumman declines to bid on latest KC-X RFP." Flight International, March 9, 2010.
  64. ^ "Northrop Grumman Creates Support Unit". Los Angeles Times. January 6, 2006. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  65. ^ Borenstein, Seth (September 1, 2006). "Lockheed MArtin Wins NASA Contract". The Associated Press. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  66. ^ Christie, R. "Northrop Grumman Hopes for Big Role in DoD Bomber Plan." The Wall Street Journal. July 10, 2006.
  67. ^ Brendan McGarry (n.d.). "Air Force Delays New Bomber Contract by 'Couple of Months'". DOD Buzz. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved September 29, 2015.
  68. ^ Cohen, Zachary (October 27, 2015). "Pentagon awards Northrop Grumman stealth bomber contract - CNNPolitics". CNN. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
  69. ^ "Northrop Grumman Buys Builder of SpaceShipOne". SPACE.com. July 20, 2007. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  70. ^ "Northrop Grumman's National Work Force Center Initiative". Archived from the original on January 3, 2011. Retrieved April 22, 2009.
  71. ^ "Rapid City". Keloland.com. December 6, 2011. Archived from the original on May 17, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  72. ^ "Northrop Grumman Statement to News Media Regarding the Release of Our Employees in Colombia". Irconnect.com. July 3, 2008. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  73. ^ "The shipyard: A timeline". Daily Press. March 15, 2011. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  74. ^ Jacobs, Karen. "Northrop completes spin-off of ship business." Reuters, March 31, 2011.
  75. ^ Bates, Jason (November 10, 2010). "NASA Taps 13 Companies For Heavy-Lift Launch Vehicle Study". Satellite Today. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  76. ^ "HR0011-13-C-0096." fbo.gov, September 6, 2013. Retrieved: September 8, 2013.
  77. ^ "Tactically Exploited Reconnaissance Node (TERN) – Phase II". FBO.gov. September 22, 2014. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  78. ^ Keller, John. "Archive: Launching long-endurance UAVs from small ships." militaryaerospace, September 29, 2014. Retrieved: September 29, 2014.
  79. ^ Trimble, Stephen (March 26, 2015), "DARPA selects two firms to compete for sea-based UAV", Flightglobal, Reed Business Information, retrieved March 27, 2015
  80. ^ "DARPA's New TERN Program Aims for Eyes in the Sky from the Sea". DARPA. March 1, 2013. Archived from the original on May 15, 2013. Retrieved April 11, 2013.
  81. ^ Military.com (July 4, 2013). "Northrop Fends Off Lockheed to Win Big AF Contract". Military.com.
  82. ^ Kremer, Ken (July 26, 2014). "James Webb Space Telescope's Giant Sunshield Test Unit Unfurled First Time". Universe Today.
  83. ^ "The James Webb Space Telescope finally takes shape - SpaceNews.com". SpaceNews.com. January 31, 2018. Retrieved February 5, 2018.
  84. ^ Cooper, Helene (October 27, 2015). "Northrop Grumman Wins $21.4 Billion Pentagon Contract". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
  85. ^ Michael Bruno (September 18, 2017). "Northrop To Buy Orbital For More Than $9B". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  86. ^ "Orbital Stockholders Approve Acquisition By Northrop Grumman Corporation". Reuters. November 29, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  87. ^ Insinna, Valerie (January 29, 2018). "Northrop Grumman to create new 'innovation' business sector". Defense News. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  88. ^ Foust, Jeff (June 6, 2020). "NASA issues contract to Northrop Grumman for Gateway module". SpaceNews. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  89. ^ Werner, Debra (July 18, 2022). "Northrop Grumman taps Solstar for HALO Module Wi-Fi". SpaceNews. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  90. ^ "NM firm builds Wi-Fi 'hotspot' for NASA moon station". news.yahoo.com. August 3, 2022. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  91. ^ "Northrop Grumman wins $298 million contract to develop jam-resistant military satellite". SpaceNews. September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2020.
  92. ^ "U.S. Space Command to begin testing the last satellite of the AEHF-MILSTAR constellation". SpaceNews. September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2020.
  93. ^ Insinna, Valerie (December 8, 2020). "Northrop sells IT business to Veritas Capital for $3.4B". Defense News. Retrieved May 22, 2021.
  94. ^ Lake, Sidney (February 1, 2021). "Peraton closes on $3.4B cash purchase of Northrop Grumman biz". Virginia Business. Retrieved May 22, 2021.
  95. ^ "Mars Ascent Vehicle from Northrop Grumman takes shape for Mars Sample Return mission". NASA Spaceflight. June 4, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  96. ^ "A Couple Dozen B-21 Raiders May Be Operational by 2030... Big Deal". Forbes. September 19, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  97. ^ "B-21 Begins Taxi Tests in Last Step Before First Flight". Air & Space Forces Magazine. October 25, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  98. ^ a b "The Pentagon Created a New Kind of Underwater Predator: The Mysterious Manta Ray". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  99. ^ Szondy, David (June 14, 2024). "First look at DARPA's massive Manta Ray drone in action". New Atlas. Retrieved June 14, 2024.
  100. ^ https://breakingdefense.com/2024/09/northrop-selected-to-develop-anti-hypersonic-glide-phase-interceptor/
  101. ^ a b c d "2017 Annual Report" (PDF). Northrop Grumman. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 22, 2018. Retrieved July 22, 2022.
  102. ^ a b "Northrop Grumman Reports Fourth Quarter and Full-Year 2018 Financial Results" (Press release). Northrop Grumman. January 31, 2019. Retrieved July 22, 2022.
  103. ^ "Northrop Grumman 2019 Annual Report". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. January 30, 2020.
  104. ^ a b "Northrop Grumman Corporation 2021 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. January 27, 2022.
  105. ^ "Northrop Grumman Corporation 2022 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. January 26, 2023.
  106. ^ a b Lubove, Seth (January 6, 2003). "Company of the Year: Northrop—We See You, Saddam". Forbes. Archived from the original on February 24, 2003. Retrieved August 24, 2011.
  107. ^ "Northrop Grumman Elects Ronald D. Sugar Chairman of the Board". September 17, 2003. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  108. ^ "Northrop's Sugar to Retire; Wesley Bush Named Chief (Update2)". Bloomberg. September 16, 2009. Archived from the original on October 17, 2015.
  109. ^ Cameron, Doug. "Northrop Grumman Realigns Sectors, Restores COO Post". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
  110. ^ "Company Leadership". Northrop Grumman. Retrieved July 22, 2022.
  111. ^ a b "Northrop Grumman Selects Falls Church Location for New Corporate Office (NYSE:NOC)." Northrop Grumman. July 12, 2010. Retrieved: September 6, 2011. "[...]2980 Fairview Park Drive, Falls Church, Va.[...]"
  112. ^ ""Company Locations: Northrop Grumman Corporation 2980 Fairview Park Drive Falls Church, VA 22042." Archived January 20, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Northrop Grumman. Retrieved: September 6, 2011.
  113. ^ "Company Locations Archived January 20, 2013, at the Wayback Machine." Northrop Grumman. Retrieved May 12, 2009.
  114. ^ "The Ticker." The Washington Post, January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
  115. ^ a b Crowe, Deborah. "Northrop to Move Corporate Office to D.C.[dead link‍]." Los Angeles Business Journal. January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2010.
  116. ^ a b Proctor, Charles. "Northrop Flew Under the Radar." Los Angeles Business Journal. January 11, 2010. Retrieved: January 10, 2010.(subscription required)
  117. ^ Haynes, V. Dion. "D.C. area jurisdictions vie to become the new home of Northrop Grumman headquarters." Washington Post, January 11, 2010. Retrieved: February 13, 2010.
  118. ^ "Forbes Names Northrop Grumman Company of the Year". Forbes. December 19, 2002. Archived from the original on April 16, 2004. Retrieved April 4, 2006.
  119. ^ "America's Best Employers". Forbes. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  120. ^ Northrop Grumman (March 20, 2006). Northrop Grumman Becomes Co-pilot for NASA's Great Moonbuggy Race. Press release.
  121. ^ Northrop Grumman (March 31, 2006). Northrop Grumman Makes $25,000 Donation to Boys and Girls Club of Annapolis and Anne Arundel County. Press release.
  122. ^ "Northrop Grumman Employees Charity Organization". Reading to Kids. 2005. Retrieved April 4, 2006.
  123. ^ "Photo Release -- Sen. John McCain Thanks Northrop Grumman Shipbuilders at Commissioning of Aegis Destroyer Halsey (DDG 97)." Northrop Grumman press release, August 1, 2005.
  124. ^ The Ron Brown Award for Corporate Leadership Archived November 24, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  125. ^ "Center for Public Integrity analysis of EPA documents". Publicintegrity.org. Archived from the original on October 22, 2007. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  126. ^ "Political Economy Research Institute". Peri.umass.edu. Archived from the original on July 25, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  127. ^ a b c Dooley, Emily (April 1, 2013). "State to treat pollution plume in Bethpage". Newsday. Retrieved April 7, 2014.
  128. ^ Dooley, Emily (November 18, 2013). "Bethpage Water District to sue Northrop Grumman over contamination". Newsday. Retrieved April 7, 2014.
  129. ^ Gil de Rubio, Dave (April 30, 2022). "Bethpage Water District To Receive Plume Settlement". Farmingdale Observer. Retrieved June 21, 2022. The settlement will have the [Bethpage Water District] receiving $20 million from the United States government and $29 million from Northrop Grumman to treat chemicals that leaked from the Naval Weapons Reserve Plant in Bethpage and the former Grumman site, removing financial burdens from taxpayers for this expensive treatment process.
  130. ^ "Environmental Protection Agency". Yosemite.epa.gov. June 19, 2003. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  131. ^ "Environmental Protection Agency". Yosemite.epa.gov. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  132. ^ "Corporate social responsibility" (PDF). Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved September 28, 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  133. ^ "The Top Green-IT Organizations: Green from the ground up". Computerworld. October 25, 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  134. ^ "PERI: Toxic 100 Index". grconnect.com. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  135. ^ Northrop Grumman Archived November 21, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. CorpWatch.org
  136. ^ "Defense PAC Contributions". Opensecrets.org. June 4, 2007. Archived from the original on November 18, 2007. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  137. ^ "Northrop PAC Contribution". Opensecrets.org. Archived from the original on October 16, 2007. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  138. ^ Schrader, Esther (March 11, 2004). "Roche Bails Out as Pick for Top Army Job". Los Angeles Times.
  139. ^ "Company Profile: Northrop Grumman." Archived January 19, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Corpwatch. Retrieved: December 6, 2014.
  140. ^ "South Australian Register of Lobbyists - CMAX Communications" (PDF). April 9, 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2018.
  141. ^ "US: Court Documents Unsealed in Northrop Grumman Case." Archived December 8, 2014, at the Wayback Machine CorpWatch, April 22, 2004. Retrieved: December 5, 2014.
  142. ^ Drew, Christopher (April 2, 2009). "Military Contractor Agrees to Pay $325 Million to Settle Whistle-Blower Lawsuit". The New York Times. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  143. ^ Flynn, Michael (2004). "Northrop Grumman". Right Web Profiles. Archived from the original on February 23, 2006. Retrieved April 4, 2006.
  144. ^ "Scientist blew whistle on faulty military satellite parts; Northrop Grumman pays $325 million to settle case." Phillips & Cohen LLP Press Release, April 2, 2009.
  145. ^ Drew, Christopher. "Military Contractor Agrees To Pay $325 Million To Settle Whistle-Blower Lawsuit." The New York Times, April 3, 2009, p. B4.
  146. ^ Corfman, Thomas A. "Feds probe Northrop in defense fraud case." Chicago Tribune, August 30, 2001. Retrieved: December 5, 2014.
  147. ^ Merle, Renae (August 9, 2003). "Northrop Settles Billing Case: Shipbuilding Unit Allegedly Overbilled U.S. by $72 Million". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 9, 2012. Retrieved April 4, 2006.
  148. ^ "Northrop Grumman pays $111 million to settle qui tam case against recent acquisition, TRW." Phillips and Cohen Press Release, June 9, 2003.
  149. ^ Helderman, Rosalind; Anita Kumar (September 2, 2010). "Computer crash has tech world watching". The Washington Post. p. B1.
  150. ^ Kumar, Anita (September 2, 2010). "McDonnell: Some data may be lost as a result of computer outage". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
  151. ^ Kiley, Gregory T. (May 17, 2017). "Congress and the Administration Must Reassess Failing Missile Defense Programs". RealClearDefense.
  152. ^ Judson, Jen (February 6, 2017). "Army falls behind with new anti-missile command system". Defense News.[dead link‍]
  153. ^ "Israel war boosts Lockheed Martin, Northrup Grumman, other defense stocks". Fox Business. October 9, 2023.
  154. ^ "San Diegans join in global protests to end war in Gaza". KPBS. November 9, 2023.
  155. ^ "Protesters Are Targeting Defense Contractors That Bragged About Profits from Gaza". Vice. November 17, 2023.
  156. ^ Swanson, Stephen (February 8, 2024). "Pro-Palestinian activists protest outside Plymouth's Northrop Grumman - CBS Minnesota". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
  157. ^ Gabbatt, Adam (February 7, 2024). "Students on hunger strike call for Brown University to divest from pro-Israel companies". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
  158. ^ "Consent Agreement, 2008: Northrop Grumman Corporation Archived October 10, 2009, at the Wayback Machine". U.S. Department of State, March 14, 2008.
  159. ^ Ryan, Jason. "Air Force One Guidance Systems Allegedly Sent to Russia." ABC News, April 18, 2008.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II. Cypress, California: Dana T. Parker Books, 2013. ISBN 978-0-9897906-0-4.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Northrop Grumman.
External videos
video icon "Manta Ray, Making Waves in Autonomy", Northrop Grumman video
  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • Business data for Northrop Grumman:
  • Northrop Grumman Corporation recipient profile on USAspending.gov
  • "Patents owned by Northrop Grumman". US Patent & Trademark Office. Retrieved December 6, 2005.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northrop_Grumman&oldid=1264190995"