The UAE was formed in December 1971 but it took another two years or so before the new country got its own currency.
On May 20, 1973, in came the dirham and out went the rupee, the dinar, the riyal and even the Maria Theresa silver thaler.
Having a currency was an expression of sovereignty and unity, especially when so many others had been in circulation among the seven emirates.
In this weekly series, The National breaks down the historical and cultural significance of the designs for each of the denominations.
Dh5
For many years, the Dh5 was the workhorse of UAE currency, representing the price of a soda and a shawarma, a trip across town in the old gold and white Abu Dhabi taxis, or a cup of karak tea and the morning newspaper. Even today it remains a welcome sight for small cash purchases or a tip.
The Dh5 banknote was introduced in 1973, and is today the lowest value paper currency - after the Dh1 note was phased out by the early 1980s.
It has been through a series of barely perceptible colour changes but only two major designs. The original pictured Fujairah’s Al Bithnah Fort, with the words “Five Dirhams” in English and the number 5.
The Arabic side featured a watermark of composite design that included a sailing dhow and the Arabian Gulf coastline, an oil derrick, palm tree, string of pearls and a line of camels.
The design we know today was introduced in 1982. The Arabic side shows Sharjah’s Central Market, generally known as the Blue Souq, which opened in 1978.
On the English language side is the bay at Khor Fakkan and a detail of the nearby Imam Salem Al Mutawa Mosque, built around 200 years ago and one of the oldest in the country.
Alongside is a watermark of a sparrow hawk, widely used in falconry and which now appears on all UAE banknotes.
The design reflects both Sharjah’s peaceful Arabian Sea coast and its busy economic heart. In 2015, a tactile feature of small horizontal lines on the short sides was added to assist the sight impaired.
The inspiration behind the design of the UAE's currency
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An Arabian sand gazelle at the Mleiha Archaeological Centre in Sharjah. The gazelle is native to the region and can be found on the 25 fils coin. Chris Whiteoak / The National -
The Murban 2 oil well in Abu Dhabi, pictured in 1956. The discovery of oil transformed the emirate and eventually the UAE. Three oil derricks are featured on the 50 fils coin. Adnoc -
A dallah belonging to Sheikh Zayed in the early 20th century on display during the Majlis Zayed Exhibition in Abu Dhabi. The traditional coffee pot, a symbol of Emirati hospitality, appears on the Dh1 coin. Pawan Singh / The National -
One of the entrances to the Central Market, also known as the Blue Souq, in Sharjah. The market was built in 1979 and is adorned with Islamic designs. It can be seen on the Arabic side of the Dh5. Amy Leang / The National -
Salem Al Mutawa Mosque is one of the oldest two in the UAE. About 200 years old, it can be seen on the English side of the Dh5 along with the Khor Fakkan coastline. Antonie Robertson / The National -
The khanjar is a curved ceremonial dagger worn by men in the UAE and Oman. An illustration of the knife can be seen on the Arabic side of the Dh10. Victor Besa / The National -
Date palm tree at Al Dahra farm in Al Ain. A date tree and farm are the main illustrations on the Dh10 note. Pawan Singh / The National -
An Arabian dhow at sea in 1973. The vessel features prominently on the Dh20 note. Marion Kaplan -
Dubai Creek Golf & Yacht Club opened in 1993 and can be seen on the Arabic side of the Dh20 note. Tourism Ireland -
An Arabian oryx at Al Maha Desert Resort in Dubai. The species was endangered but conservation efforts, led by Sheikh Zayed, helped it to flourish. It can be seen on the Dh50 note. Gerry O’Leary -
Completed in 1898 on the orders of Sheikh Zayed the First, Al Jahili Fort in Al Ain is one of the country’s largest. It appears on the English-language side of the Dh50 note. Abu Dhabi Culture and Tourism -
Al Fahidi Fort in Dubai was built in 1787. Since then, it has had many uses, even functioning as a prison for outlaws for a time. It can be found on the Arabic face of the Dh100 note. Pawan Singh / The National -
Dubai World Trade Centre (the grey, rectangular building to the middle left) was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1979. The tallest building in the UAE until 1999, it appears on the Dh100 banknote. Alamy -
Established in 1980, the UAE Central Bank was preceded by the Currency Board, which issued the country’s first independent currency: the dirham. The headquarters now features on the Dh200 note. Sammy Dallal / The National -
Worshippers leave the stadium at Zayed Sports City, Abu Dhabi, after Pope Francis led a holy Mass there in 2019. The building opened in 1979 and is featured on the Dh200 banknote. Pawan Singh / The National -
Falcons feature on each of the dirham notes, but the beloved bird takes centre stage on the Arabic side of the Dh500. Getty -
Sheikh Zayed Bridge was designed by renowned Iraqi architect Zaha Hadid. It was opened in 2010, becoming the third gateway from Abu Dhabi island to the greater emirate. During the Year of Zayed in 2019, a special Dh100 note, which is still in circulation, was printed depicting the bridge. Andrew Henderson / The National -
Jumeirah Mosque in Dubai opened in 1979. One of two mosques open to non-Muslims, it is a distinctive feature of the Dh500 note. Getty -
Qasr Al Hosn, the birthplace of Sheikh Zayed, is on the Arabic side of the Dh1,000 note. Victor Besa / The National -
Abu Dhabi’s skyline has changed dramatically since the dirham was launched. The UAE’s capital is featured on the Dh1,000 note. Chris Whiteoak / The National
