1892 United States presidential election in Michigan
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| Elections in Michigan |
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The 1892 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 8, 1892. All contemporary 44 states were part of the 1892 United States presidential election. Voters chose 14 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.
Uniquely, this remains the only presidential election where Michigan used the congressional district method of distributing electoral votes rather than the traditional winner-take-all system. The switch was made by the newly elected 1890 Democratic legislature, which had gained control of the state for the first time since before the Civil War.[1][2] The change was an attempt at boosting Democratic candidate Grover Cleveland's chances of winning a second, nonconsecutive term, who had run in the previous election and won the popular vote, but lost in the electoral college. Controversial among Republicans, the party fought all the way to the Supreme Court in efforts to prevent it, the Court ruling in McPherson v. Blacker that allocating electoral votes this way was constitutional.[3] The split ultimately had no effect in Cleveland's victory, and the system was quickly repealed when Republicans regained control after the election. This is the only instance of Michigan splitting its electoral votes among multiple candidates. A law later passed in 1954 that prohibits faithless electors prevents a similar occurrence, barring a return to the district method.[4][5]
Michigan was won by the Republican nominees: incumbent President Benjamin Harrison of Indiana and his running mate Whitelaw Reid of New York. The pair received nine of the state's electoral votes, while the Democratic ticket earned five.
Cleveland became the first Democratic presidential candidate since Franklin Pierce in 1852 to get electoral votes from Michigan, although the state wouldn't send a full slate of Democratic electors to the Electoral College until Franklin Delano Roosevelt won it in 1932.
Results
[edit]| 1892 United States presidential election in Michigan[6] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Electoral votes | |
| Republican | Benjamin Harrison (inc.) | 222,708 | 47.79% | 9 | |
| Democratic | Grover Cleveland | 201,624 | 43.26% | 5 | |
| Prohibition | John Bidwell | 20,857 | 4.48% | 0 | |
| People's | James Weaver | 19,931 | 4.28% | 0 | |
| Write-ins | 925 | 0.20% | 0 | ||
| Totals | 466,045 | 100% | 14 | ||
By congressional district
[edit]Harrison won 7 of the 12 congressional districts.[7]
| district | Harrison | Cleveland | Weaver | Representative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 47.05% | 51.33% | 0.75% | John Logan Chipman |
| 2nd | 44.89% | 47.67% | 2.30% | James S. Gorman |
| 3rd | 49.98% | 37.01% | 6.92% | Julius C. Burrows (53rd Congress) |
| 4th | 49.19% | 46.16% | - | Henry F. Thomas (53rd Congress) |
| 5th | 42.96% | 47.72% | 4.68% | Charles E. Belknap (52nd Congress) |
| George F. Richardson (53rd Congress) | ||||
| 6th | 47.19% | 43.16% | 4.58% | Byron G. Stout (52nd Congress) |
| David D. Aitken (53rd Congress) | ||||
| 7th | 45.80% | 46.57% | 5.37% | Justin Rice Whiting |
| 8th | 48.55% | 44.55% | 3.35% | Henry M. Youmans (52nd Congress) |
| William S. Linton (53rd Congress) | ||||
| 9th | 47.35% | 43.36% | 3.58% | Harrison H. Wheeler (52nd Congress) |
| John W. Moon (53rd Congress) | ||||
| 10th | 45.98% | 47.91% | 3.73% | Thomas A. E. Weadock |
| 11th | 50.75% | 35.16% | 8.68% | John Avery (53rd Congress) |
| 12th | 50.06% | 42.68% | 2.59% | Samuel M. Stephenson (53rd Congress) |
Results by county
[edit]| County | Benjamin Harrison Republican |
Stephen Grover Cleveland Democratic |
John Bidwell Prohibition |
James Baird Weaver People's |
Various candidates Write-ins |
Margin | Total votes cast | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Alcona | 556 | 57.32% | 380 | 39.18% | 29 | 2.99% | 5 | 0.52% | 176 | 18.14% | 970 | ||
| Alger | 160 | 50.31% | 156 | 49.06% | 2 | 0.63% | 0 | 0.00% | 4 | 1.26% | 318 | ||
| Allegan | 4,283 | 50.96% | 3,207 | 38.16% | 544 | 6.47% | 371 | 4.41% | 1,076 | 12.80% | 8,405 | ||
| Alpena | 1,526 | 49.11% | 1,536 | 49.44% | 26 | 0.84% | 19 | 0.61% | -10 | -0.32% | 3,107 | ||
| Antrim | 1,140 | 52.17% | 814 | 37.25% | 164 | 7.51% | 67 | 3.07% | 326 | 14.92% | 2,185 | ||
| Arenac | 322 | 27.81% | 373 | 32.21% | 26 | 2.25% | 437 | 37.74% | -64[a] | -5.53% | 1,158 | ||
| Baraga | 375 | 36.76% | 630 | 61.76% | 12 | 1.18% | 3 | 0.29% | -255 | -25.00% | 1,020 | ||
| Barry | 2,854 | 49.20% | 1,800 | 31.03% | 297 | 5.12% | 850 | 14.65% | 1,054 | 18.17% | 5,801 | ||
| Bay | 4,587 | 42.96% | 5,714 | 53.51% | 187 | 1.75% | 190 | 1.78% | -1,127 | -10.55% | 10,678 | ||
| Benzie | 774 | 52.47% | 498 | 33.76% | 101 | 6.85% | 102 | 6.92% | 276 | 18.71% | 1,475 | ||
| Berrien | 4,979 | 48.55% | 4,716 | 45.98% | 426 | 4.15% | 135 | 1.32% | 263 | 2.56% | 10,256 | ||
| Branch | 3,271 | 49.68% | 2,161 | 32.82% | 426 | 6.47% | 726 | 11.03% | 1,110 | 16.86% | 6,584 | ||
| Calhoun | 5,077 | 48.10% | 4,150 | 39.31% | 710 | 6.73% | 619 | 5.86% | 927 | 8.78% | 10,556 | ||
| Cass | 2,731 | 47.71% | 2,424 | 42.35% | 180 | 3.14% | 389 | 6.80% | 307 | 5.36% | 5,724 | ||
| Charlevoix | 1,101 | 53.14% | 688 | 33.20% | 141 | 6.81% | 142 | 6.85% | 413 | 19.93% | 2,072 | ||
| Cheboygan | 1,094 | 44.27% | 1,224 | 49.53% | 74 | 2.99% | 79 | 3.20% | -130 | -5.26% | 2,471 | ||
| Chippewa | 1,247 | 52.33% | 1,083 | 45.45% | 35 | 1.47% | 18 | 0.76% | 164 | 6.88% | 2,383 | ||
| Clare | 719 | 41.90% | 811 | 47.26% | 167 | 9.73% | 0 | 0.00% | 19 | 1.11% | -92 | -5.36% | 1,716 |
| Clinton | 3,133 | 48.42% | 2,756 | 42.60% | 258 | 3.99% | 323 | 4.99% | 377 | 5.83% | 6,470 | ||
| Crawford | 300 | 48.62% | 306 | 49.59% | 3 | 0.49% | 8 | 1.30% | -6 | -0.97% | 617 | ||
| Delta | 1,769 | 54.30% | 1,412 | 43.34% | 40 | 1.23% | 37 | 1.14% | 357 | 10.96% | 3,258 | ||
| Dickinson | 1,606 | 51.05% | 1,255 | 39.89% | 255 | 8.11% | 30 | 0.95% | 351 | 11.16% | 3,146 | ||
| Eaton | 3,788 | 48.24% | 2,837 | 36.13% | 498 | 6.34% | 730 | 9.30% | 951 | 12.11% | 7,853 | ||
| Emmet | 1,015 | 46.28% | 1,059 | 48.29% | 102 | 4.65% | 17 | 0.78% | -44 | -2.01% | 2,193 | ||
| Genesee | 4,785 | 50.14% | 3,712 | 38.90% | 590 | 6.18% | 456 | 4.78% | 1,073 | 11.24% | 9,543 | ||
| Gladwin | 531 | 60.76% | 325 | 37.19% | 14 | 1.60% | 4 | 0.46% | 206 | 23.57% | 874 | ||
| Gogebic | 2,344 | 57.25% | 1,615 | 39.45% | 116 | 2.83% | 19 | 0.46% | 729 | 17.81% | 4,094 | ||
| Grand Traverse | 1,734 | 54.70% | 924 | 29.15% | 185 | 5.84% | 327 | 10.32% | 810 | 25.55% | 3,170 | ||
| Gratiot | 3,037 | 48.83% | 1,661 | 26.70% | 256 | 4.12% | 1,266 | 20.35% | 1,376 | 22.12% | 6,220 | ||
| Hillsdale | 4,119 | 53.65% | 2,613 | 34.03% | 486 | 6.33% | 460 | 5.99% | 1,506 | 19.61% | 7,678 | ||
| Houghton | 3,316 | 45.84% | 2,607 | 36.04% | 568 | 7.85% | 0 | 0.00% | 743 | 10.27% | 709 | 9.80% | 7,234 |
| Huron | 1,692 | 35.35% | 2,222 | 46.42% | 175 | 3.66% | 698 | 14.58% | -530 | -11.07% | 4,787 | ||
| Ingham | 4,341 | 44.08% | 4,061 | 41.23% | 499 | 5.07% | 948 | 9.63% | 280 | 2.84% | 9,849 | ||
| Ionia | 4,288 | 49.45% | 3,779 | 43.58% | 379 | 4.37% | 225 | 2.59% | 509 | 5.87% | 8,671 | ||
| Iosco | 1,393 | 49.57% | 1,336 | 47.54% | 58 | 2.06% | 23 | 0.82% | 57 | 2.03% | 2,810 | ||
| Iron | 918 | 59.26% | 587 | 37.90% | 0 | 0.00% | 15 | 0.97% | 29 | 1.87% | 331 | 21.37% | 1,549 |
| Isabella | 1,859 | 45.42% | 1,762 | 43.05% | 153 | 3.74% | 319 | 7.79% | 97 | 2.37% | 4,093 | ||
| Jackson | 5,130 | 45.02% | 5,005 | 43.92% | 571 | 5.01% | 690 | 6.05% | 125 | 1.10% | 11,396 | ||
| Kalamazoo | 4,968 | 50.56% | 4,018 | 40.90% | 449 | 4.57% | 390 | 3.97% | 950 | 9.67% | 9,825 | ||
| Kalkaska | 717 | 59.45% | 389 | 32.26% | 60 | 4.98% | 40 | 3.32% | 328 | 27.20% | 1,206 | ||
| Kent | 12,388 | 46.31% | 11,533 | 43.11% | 1,411 | 5.27% | 1,418 | 5.30% | 855 | 3.20% | 26,750 | ||
| Keweenaw | 400 | 65.36% | 202 | 33.01% | 5 | 0.82% | 5 | 0.82% | 198 | 32.35% | 612 | ||
| Lake | 648 | 47.79% | 610 | 44.99% | 63 | 4.65% | 35 | 2.58% | 38 | 2.80% | 1,356 | ||
| Lapeer | 3,126 | 49.11% | 2,698 | 42.39% | 313 | 4.92% | 228 | 3.58% | 428 | 6.72% | 6,365 | ||
| Leelanau | 769 | 53.63% | 492 | 34.31% | 44 | 3.07% | 129 | 9.00% | 277 | 19.32% | 1,434 | ||
| Lenawee | 5,833 | 46.86% | 5,592 | 44.92% | 910 | 7.31% | 114 | 0.92% | 241 | 1.94% | 12,449 | ||
| Livingston | 2,447 | 43.76% | 2,385 | 42.65% | 365 | 6.53% | 395 | 7.06% | 62 | 1.11% | 5,592 | ||
| Luce | 234 | 55.45% | 160 | 37.91% | 25 | 5.92% | 3 | 0.71% | 74 | 17.54% | 422 | ||
| Mackinac | 478 | 35.41% | 855 | 63.33% | 9 | 0.67% | 8 | 0.59% | -377 | -27.93% | 1,350 | ||
| Macomb | 2,788 | 41.50% | 3,584 | 53.35% | 290 | 4.32% | 56 | 0.83% | -796 | -11.85% | 6,718 | ||
| Manistee | 1,481 | 35.42% | 2,310 | 55.25% | 231 | 5.52% | 159 | 3.80% | -829 | -19.83% | 4,181 | ||
| Manitou | 5 | 3.36% | 144 | 96.64% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | -139 | -93.29% | 149 | ||
| Marquette | 3,874 | 53.03% | 2,850 | 39.01% | 536 | 7.34% | 45 | 0.62% | 1,024 | 14.02% | 7,305 | ||
| Mason | 1,426 | 45.85% | 1,383 | 44.47% | 258 | 8.30% | 43 | 1.38% | 43 | 1.38% | 3,110 | ||
| Mecosta | 1,970 | 51.76% | 1,484 | 38.99% | 220 | 5.78% | 132 | 3.47% | 486 | 12.77% | 3,806 | ||
| Menominee | 1,853 | 48.43% | 1,801 | 47.07% | 134 | 3.50% | 38 | 0.99% | 52 | 1.36% | 3,826 | ||
| Midland | 1,069 | 46.16% | 815 | 35.19% | 118 | 5.09% | 314 | 13.56% | 254 | 10.97% | 2,316 | ||
| Missaukee | 665 | 48.61% | 622 | 45.47% | 61 | 4.46% | 20 | 1.46% | 43 | 3.14% | 1,368 | ||
| Monroe | 2,914 | 41.50% | 3,769 | 53.68% | 224 | 3.19% | 114 | 1.62% | -855 | -12.18% | 7,021 | ||
| Montcalm | 3,623 | 53.31% | 2,205 | 32.45% | 265 | 3.90% | 703 | 10.34% | 1,418 | 20.87% | 6,796 | ||
| Montmorency | 246 | 47.67% | 255 | 49.42% | 10 | 1.94% | 5 | 0.97% | -9 | -1.74% | 516 | ||
| Muskegon | 3,830 | 49.76% | 3,301 | 42.89% | 322 | 4.18% | 244 | 3.17% | 529 | 6.87% | 7,697 | ||
| Newaygo | 2,106 | 51.02% | 1,531 | 37.09% | 286 | 6.93% | 205 | 4.97% | 575 | 13.93% | 4,128 | ||
| Oakland | 4,763 | 44.98% | 4,925 | 46.51% | 728 | 6.87% | 174 | 1.64% | -162 | -1.53% | 10,590 | ||
| Oceana | 1,635 | 47.38% | 1,416 | 41.03% | 312 | 9.04% | 88 | 2.55% | 219 | 6.35% | 3,451 | ||
| Ogemaw | 594 | 50.64% | 514 | 43.82% | 26 | 2.22% | 39 | 3.32% | 80 | 6.82% | 1,173 | ||
| Ontonagon | 678 | 38.68% | 1,041 | 59.38% | 19 | 1.08% | 15 | 0.86% | -363 | -20.71% | 1,753 | ||
| Osceola | 1,601 | 51.13% | 1,092 | 34.88% | 310 | 9.90% | 128 | 4.09% | 509 | 16.26% | 3,131 | ||
| Oscoda | 273 | 59.09% | 180 | 38.96% | 5 | 1.08% | 4 | 0.87% | 93 | 20.13% | 462 | ||
| Otsego | 525 | 47.60% | 531 | 48.14% | 32 | 2.90% | 15 | 1.36% | -6 | -0.54% | 1,103 | ||
| Ottawa | 3,643 | 50.82% | 2,996 | 41.79% | 180 | 2.51% | 350 | 4.88% | 647 | 9.02% | 7,169 | ||
| Presque Isle | 290 | 34.77% | 471 | 56.47% | 7 | 0.84% | 5 | 0.60% | 61 | 7.31% | -181 | -21.70% | 834 |
| Roscommon | 239 | 44.26% | 286 | 52.96% | 9 | 1.67% | 6 | 1.11% | -47 | -8.70% | 540 | ||
| Saginaw | 6,737 | 44.37% | 7,601 | 50.07% | 254 | 1.67% | 590 | 3.89% | -864 | -5.69% | 15,182 | ||
| Sanilac | 2,494 | 54.34% | 1,730 | 37.69% | 288 | 6.27% | 78 | 1.70% | 764 | 16.64% | 4,590 | ||
| Schoolcraft | 570 | 41.79% | 650 | 47.65% | 101 | 7.40% | 43 | 3.15% | -80 | -5.87% | 1,364 | ||
| Shiawassee | 3,619 | 47.17% | 2,994 | 39.02% | 677 | 8.82% | 383 | 4.99% | 625 | 8.15% | 7,673 | ||
| St. Clair | 5,371 | 48.82% | 5,248 | 47.70% | 228 | 2.07% | 81 | 0.74% | 73 | 0.66% | 123 | 1.12% | 11,001 |
| St. Joseph | 2,824 | 43.93% | 2,441 | 37.97% | 185 | 2.88% | 978 | 15.21% | 383 | 5.96% | 6,428 | ||
| Tuscola | 3,201 | 49.42% | 2,667 | 41.18% | 397 | 6.13% | 212 | 3.27% | 534 | 8.24% | 6,477 | ||
| Van Buren | 3,788 | 54.05% | 2,182 | 31.14% | 403 | 5.75% | 635 | 9.06% | 1,606 | 22.92% | 7,008 | ||
| Washtenaw | 4,362 | 41.99% | 5,508 | 53.02% | 448 | 4.31% | 70 | 0.67% | -1,146 | -11.03% | 10,388 | ||
| Wayne | 26,361 | 47.81% | 27,580 | 50.02% | 702 | 1.27% | 495 | 0.90% | -1,219 | -2.21% | 55,138 | ||
| Wexford | 1,388 | 49.91% | 1,156 | 41.57% | 185 | 6.65% | 52 | 1.87% | 232 | 8.34% | 2,781 | ||
| Totals[b] | 222,708 | 47.70% | 202,396 | 43.35% | 20,858 | 4.47% | 20,031 | 4.29% | 925 | 0.20% | 19,891 | 4.35% | 466,918 |
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ In this county where Weaver ran ahead of Harrison and also Cleveland, margin given is Cleveland vote minus Weaver vote and percentage margin Cleveland percentage minus Weaver percentage.
- ^ Data from Isle Royal County are uncertain, so that this total is larger than the sum for counties shown
References
[edit]- ^ Egan, Paul. “Democrats Once Pulled the Same Electoral College Stunt.” Detroit Free Press, 21 Nov. 2014, http://www.freep.com/story/news/politics/2014/11/20/michigan-white-house-presidential-election-electoral-college/70028908/.
- ^ Braun, Ken. “Ken Braun: It Didn't Matter Much When Democrats Decided to Divide Michigan's Electoral College Votes.” MLive.com, 19 Nov. 2014, http://www.mlive.com/lansing-news/index.ssf/2014/11/ken_braun_it_didnt_matter_much.html.
- ^ McPherson v. Blacker, 146 U.S. 1 (1892).
- ^ “Section 168.47 .” Michigan Legislature - Section 168.47, Legislative Council, State of Michigan, http://legislature.mi.gov/doc.aspx?mcl-168-47.
- ^ “The Electoral College.” National Conference of State Legislators, 22 Aug. 2016, http://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/the-electoral-college.aspx#faithless.
- ^ Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas; Presidential General Election Results – Michigan
- ^ "1892 Presidential General Election Data – National". Uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved August 20, 2024.
