Ljubljana

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Slovene Ljubljana.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˌl(j)ʊbliˈɑːnə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Proper noun

Ljubljana

2. The capital city of Slovenia.

Derived terms

• Ljubljanan

Translations

capital city of Slovenia

• Afrikaans: Ljubljana
• Albanian: Ljubljana f, Lubjana f
• Amharic: ልዩብልያና (ləyubləyana)
• Arabic: لُبْلَانَة f (lublānah)
• Armenian: Լյուբլյանա (hy) (Lyublyana)
• Azerbaijani: Lyublyana
• Bavarian: Laiboch
• Belarusian: Любля́на f (Ljubljána)
• Bengali: লিউব্লিয়ানা (liubliẏana)
• Bulgarian: Любля́на f (Ljubljána)
• Burmese: လူဘယာနာ (lubha.yana)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 盧布爾雅那 / 卢布尔雅那 (lou⁴ bou³ ji⁵ ngaa⁵ naa⁵)

  Mandarin: 盧布爾雅那 / 卢布尔雅那 (zh) (Lúbù'ěryǎnà)

• Czech: Lublaň (cs) f
• Danish: Ljubljana n
• Dutch: Ljubljana n
• Esperanto: Ljubljano, Labako
• Estonian: Ljubljana (et)
• Finnish: Ljubljana (fi)
• French: Ljubljana (fr) f
• Georgian: ლიუბლიანა (ka) (liubliana)
• German: Laibach (de) n, Ljubljana (de) n
• Greek: Λιουμπλιάνα (el) (Lioumpliána)
• Hebrew: לְיוּבְּלְיָאנָה f (lyublyána)
• Hindi: लुब्लियाना m (lubliyānā), ल्युब्ल्याना m (lyublyānā), ल्युब्लियाना m (lyubliyānā)
• Hungarian: Ljubljana (hu)
• Icelandic: Ljubljana
• Indonesian: Ljubljana
• Irish: Liúibleána f
• Italian: Lubiana (it) f
• Japanese: リュブリャナ (ja) (Ryuburyana)
• Kazakh: Любляна (Lübläna)
• Khmer: ជូបហ្សាណា (km) (cuupzaanaa), ល្យូបល្យាណា (lyuuplyiənaa)
• Korean: 류블랴나 (ko) (Ryubeullyana)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: Ljubljana

• Kyrgyz: Любляна (ky) (Lyublyana)
• Latin: Labacum, Aemona
• Latvian: Ļubļana f
• Lithuanian: Liubliana f
• Macedonian: Љубља́на (mk) f (Ljubljána)
• Malay: Ljubljana
• Marathi: ल्युबलियाना n (lyubliyānā)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: Любляна (Ljubljana)

• Navajo: Łoobiłáanaa
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: Ljubljana (no)

• Pashto: ليوبليانا f (lyublyānā)
• Persian: لیوبلیانا (liyubliyânâ)
• Polish: Lublana (pl) f
• Portuguese: Liubliana (pt) f
• Romanian: Ljubljana (ro)
• Russian: Любля́на (ru) f (Ljubljána)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Љубља̀на f

  Roman: Ljubljàna (sh) f

• Slovak: Ľubľana f
• Slovene: Ljubljána (sl) f
• Spanish: Liubliana (es) f
• Swedish: Ljubljana (sv) n
• Tajik: Любляна (Lyublyana)
• Tamil: லியுப்லியானா (liyupliyāṉā)
• Tatar: Любляна (Lyublyana)
• Thai: ลูบลิยานา (luu-blì-yaa-nâa)
• Tibetan: ལི་པོ་ཡ་ན (li po ya na)
• Turkish: Ljubljana (tr)
• Turkmen: Lýublyana
• Ukrainian: Любля́на (uk) f (Ljubljána)
• Urdu: لیوبلیانا m (lyubliyānā)
• Uyghur: ليۇبليانا (lyublyana)
• Uzbek: Lyublyana
• Vietnamese: Liu-bli-an-na
• Yiddish: ליובליאַנאַ n (lyublyana)

Afrikaans

Proper noun

Ljubljana

1. Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)

Related terms

• Ljubljaan
• Ljubljaans

Estonian

Proper noun

Ljubljana

1. Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lju.bli.ja.na/

Proper noun

Ljubljana ?

1. Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌli̯uːbəlˈjaːna/, [liˌuːbl̩-], [ˈljuːbl̩-], /ˌjuːbəlˈjaːna/

• Audio:

  (file)

Proper noun

Ljubljana n (proper noun, genitive Ljubljanas or (optionally with an article) Ljubljana)

1. (chiefly Germany, Switzerland) Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)

   Synonym: (Austria; otherwise now less common) Laibach

Icelandic

Proper noun

Ljubljana n (proper noun, genitive singular Ljubljana)

1. Ljubljana (the capital of Slovenia)

Declension

Declension of Ljubljana (sg-only neuter)

indefinite singular
nominative	Ljubljana
accusative	Ljubljana
dative	Ljubljana
genitive	Ljubljana

Portuguese

Proper noun

Ljubljana f

1. Alternative spelling of Liubliana

Romanian

Proper noun

Ljubljana f

1. Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʎubʎǎna/
• Hyphenation: Ljub‧lja‧na

Proper noun

Ljubljàna f (Cyrillic spelling Љубља̀на)

1. Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)

Declension

Declension of Ljubljana

	singular
nominative	Ljubljana
genitive	Ljubljane
dative	Ljubljani
accusative	Ljubljanu
vocative	Ljubljano
locative	Ljubljani
instrumental	Ljubljano

Slovene

Etymology

Of unclear origin.

• According to etymologist Tijmen Pronk, the name Ljubljana (along with the German Laibach and the Italian Lubiana) is derived from the Proto-Slavic *ľubъ (“pleasant, sweet, love”) and the slavic ethnonymic suffix *-jan. Consequently, the original place name can be reconstructed as *Ljuba (“beloved place”), while the inhabitants were referred to as *Ljubljane. If you asked them where they lived, they would have responded with *v Ljubjah, which is a possible origin of the German name Laibach.

• Silvo Torkar suggests a connection to the old Slavic name Ljubovid (“one of a lovely appearance”), itself from the former. More at Ljubljana.

Pronunciation

• (SL) IPA^(key): /ˌʎuˈbʎaːna/

• Audio:

  (file)

Proper noun

Ljubljána f

1. Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Feminine, a-stem
nominative	Ljubljána
genitive	Ljubljáne
	singular
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	Ljubljána
genitive (rodȋlnik)	Ljubljáne
dative (dajȃlnik)	Ljubljáni
accusative (tožȋlnik)	Ljubljáno
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	Ljubljáni
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	Ljubljáno

Related terms

• Ljubljánčan / Ljubljánčanka
• ljubljánski

References

• Snoj, Marko (2009) Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen [Etymological dictionary of Slovenian geographical names] (in Slovene), Ljubljana: Modrijan Založba ZRC, →ISBN, pages 238-241
• Pronk, Tijmen (2007): The Etymology of Ljubljana - Laibach, in: Folia onomastica Croatica 16, 185–191.

Further reading

• “Ljubljana”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “Ljubljana”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references