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Pungrotter

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Pungrotter
Systematikk
Rike: Dyr Animalia
Rekkje: Ryggstrengdyr Chordata
Underrekkje: Virveldyr Vertebrata
Klasse: Pattedyr Mammalia
Underklasse: Metatheria
Infraklasse: Pungdyr Marsupialia
Orden: Pungrotter Didelphimorphia
Familie: Pungrotter Didelphidae
Gray, 1821

Pungrotter eller opposummar (Didelphimorphia) er ein orden av pungdyr, som er ein del av dei placentale pattedyra. Det finst kring 124 arter i ordenen, alle frå Amerika.[1] Trass i nemninga «pungrotter» har dei fleste artane i ordenen ikkje pung.[1]

Artar

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Klassifikasjon etter Voss (2022), artar etter American Society of Mammalogists (2023)[2][3][4] med engelske namn der norske ikkje er oppgjevne.

  • Familien Didelphidae
    • Underfamilien Glironiinae
      • Slekta Glironia
        • Bushy-tailed opossum (Glironia venusta)
    • Underfamilien Caluromyinae
      • Slekta Caluromys
        Caluromys philander
        Caluromys derbianus
        • Underslekta Caluromys
          • Bare-tailed woolly opossum (Caluromys philander)
        • Underslekta Mallodelphys
          • Derby's woolly opossum (Caluromys derbianus)
          • Brown-eared woolly opossum (Caluromys lanatus)
      • Slekta Caluromysiops
        • Black-shouldered opossum (Caluromysiops irrupta)
    • Underfamilien Hyladelphinae
      • Slekta Hyladelphys
        • Kalinowski's mouse opossum (Hyladelphys kalinowskii)
      • Slekta †Sairadelphys Oliveira et al. 2011
        • †Sairadelphys tocantinensis Oliveira et al. 2011
    • Underfamilien Didelphinae
      • Tribusen Metachirini
        Metachirus nudicaudatus
        • Slekta Metachirus
          • Aritana's brown four-eyed opossum (Metachirus aritanai)
          • Common brown four-eyed opossum (Metachirus myosuros)
          • Brown four-eyed opossum|Guianan brown four-eyed opossum (Metachirus nudicaudatus)
      • Tribusen Didelphini
        Chironectes minimus
        • Slekta Chironectes
          • Water opossum eller yapok (Chironectes minimus)
        • Slekta Lutreolina
          • †Lutreolina biforata (Ameghino 1904) Goin & Pardiñas 1996[5]
          • Big lutrine opossum eller little water opossum (Lutreolina crassicaudata)
            Lutreolina crassicaudata
          • †Lutreolina materdei Goin & De los Reyes 2011[6]
          • Massoia's lutrine opossum (Lutreolina massoia)[7]
          • †Lutreolina tracheia Rovereto 1914
        • †Slekta Hyperdidelphys Ameghino 1904
          • †Hyperdidelphys dimartinoi Goin & Pardiñas 1996[5]
          • †Hyperdidelphys inexpectata (Ameghino 1889) Marshall 1982[5]
          • †Hyperdidelphys parvula Ameghino 1904[5]
          • †Hyperdidelphys pattersoni (Reig 1952) Marshall 1982[5]
        • Slekta Didelphis
          Didelphis albiventris
          Didelphis aurita
          Didelphis marsupialis
          Didelphis pernigra
          • White-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris)
          • Big-eared opossum (Didelphis aurita)
          • Guianan white-eared opossum (Didelphis imperfecta)
          • Common opossum (Didelphis marsupialis)
          • Andean white-eared opossum (Didelphis pernigra)
          • †Didelphis solimoensis[8]
          • Virginiaopossum (Didelphis virginiana)
        • Slekta Philander
          Philander opossum
          • Anderson's four-eyed opossum (Philander andersoni)
          • Common four-eyed opossum (Philander canus)
          • Deltaic four-eyed opossum (Philander deltae)
          • Southeastern four-eyed opossum (Philander frenatus)
          • McIlhenny's four-eyed opossum (Philander mcilhennyi)
          • Dark four-eyed opossum (Philander melanurus)
          • Mondolfi's four-eyed opossum (Philander mondolfii)
          • Black four-eyed opossum (Philander nigratus)
          • Olrog's four-eyed opossum (Philander olrogi)
          • Gray four-eyed opossum (Philander opossum)
          • Pebas four-eyed opossum (Philander pebas)
          • Southern four-eyed opossum (Philander quica)
          • Northern four-eyed opossum (Philander vossi)
        • †Slekta Thylophorops Reig 1952
          • †Thylophorops chapadmalensis Reig 1952[5]
          • †Thylophorops lorenzinii Goin et al. 2009[9]
          • †Thylophorops perplana (Ameghino 1904) Goin & Pardiñas 1996[5]
      • Tribusen Marmosini
        • Slekta †Hesperocynus Forasiepi et al. 2009
          • †Hesperocynus dolgopolae (Reig 1952) Forasiepi et al. 2009
        • Slekta Marmosa
          • †Marmosa contrerasi Mones 1980
          • Underslekta Eomarmosa
            • Red mouse opossum (Marmosa rubra)
          • Underslekta Exulomarmosa
            • Isthmian mouse opossum (Marmosa isthmica)
            • Mexican mouse opossum (Marmosa mexicana)
            • Robinson's mouse opossum (Marmosa robinsoni)
            • Simon's mouse opossum (Marmosa simonsi)
            • Guajira mouse opossum (Marmosa xerophila)
            • Zeledon's mouse opossum (Marmosa zeledoni)
          • Underslekta Marmosa
            Marmosa robinsoni
            • Quechuan mouse opossum (Marmosa macrotarsus)
            • Linnaeus's mouse opossum (Marmosa murina)
            • Tyler's mouse opossum (Marmosa tyleriana)
            • Waterhouse's mouse opossum (Marmosa waterhousei)
          • Underslekta Micoureus
            Marmosa paraguayanus
            • Adler's mouse opossum (Marmosa adleri)
            • Alston's mouse opossum|Alston's woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa alstoni)
            • White-bellied woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa constantiae)
            • Woolly mouse opossum|Northeastern woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa demerarae)
            • Northwestern woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa germana)
            • Jansa's woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa jansae)
            • †Marmosa laventica Marshall 1976[10]
            • Brazilian woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa limae)
            • Merida woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa meridae)
            • Nicaraguan woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa nicaraguae)
            • Tate's woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa paraguayana)
            • Peruvian woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa parda)
            • Anthony's woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa perplexa)
            • Little woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa phaea)
            • Bolivian woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa rapposa)
            • Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum (Marmosa rutteri)
          • Underslekta Stegomarmosa
            • Heavy-browed mouse opossum (Marmosa andersoni)
            • Rufous mouse opossum (Marmosa lepida)
        • Slekta Monodelphis
          Monodelphis dimidiata
          Monodelphis domestica
          • Underslekta Microdelphys
            • Northern three-striped opossum (Monodelphis americana)
            • Gardner's short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis gardneri)
            • Ihering's three-striped opossum (Monodelphis iheringi)
            • Chestnut-striped opossum (Monodelphis rubida)
            • Long-nosed short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis scalops)
            • Southern three-striped opossum (Monodelphis theresa)
            • Red three-striped opossum (Monodelphis umbristriata)
          • Underslekta Monodelphiops
            • Yellow-sided opossum (Monodelphis dimidiata)
            • Southern red-sided opossum (Monodelphis sorex)
            • One-striped opossum (Monodelphis unistriata)
          • Underslekta Monodelphis
            • Arlindo's short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis arlindoi)[11]
            • Northern red-sided opossum (Monodelphis brevicaudata)
            • Gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica)
            • Amazonian red-sided opossum (Monodelphis glirina)
            • Marajó short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis maraxina)
            • Hooded red-sided opossum (Monodelphis palliolata)
            • Santa Rosa short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis sanctaerosae)[12]
            • Touan short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis touan)[11]
            • Voss's short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis vossi)
          • Underslekta Mygalodelphys
            • Sepia short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis adusta)[11]
            • Handley's short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis handleyi)[13]
            • Pygmy short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis kunsi)
            • Osgood's short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis osgoodi)
            • Peruvian short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis peruviana)
            • Monodelphis pinocchio|Long-nosed short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis pinocchio)
            • Reig's opossum (Monodelphis reigi)
            • Ronald's opossum (Monodelphis ronaldi)
            • Saci short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis saci)[12]
          • Underslekta Pyrodelphys
            • Emilia's short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis emiliae)
        • Slekta †Sparassocynus Mercerat 1898[14]
          • †Sparassocynus bahiai Mercerat 1898
          • †Sparassocynus derivatus Reig & Simpson 1972
          • †Sparassocynus maimarai Abello et al. 2015
          • †Sparassocynus heterotopicus Villarroel & Marshall 1983
        • Slekta †Thylatheridium Reig 1952
          • †Thylatheridium cristatum Reig 1952
          • †Thylatheridium hudsoni Goin & Montalvo 1988
          • †Thylatheridium pascuali Reig 1958
        • Slekta Tlacuatzin[15]
          • Balsas gray mouse opossum (Tlacuatzin balsasensis)
          • Grayish mouse opossum|Tehuantepec gray mouse opossum (Tlacuatzin canescens)
          • Yucatan gray mouse opossum (Tlacuatzin gaumeri)
          • Tres Marías gray mouse opossum (Tlacuatzin insularis)
          • Northern gray mouse opossum (Tlacuatzin sinaloae)
        • †Slekta Zygolestes Ameghino 1898
          • †Zygolestes paramensis Ameghino 1898
          • †Zygolestes tatei Goin, Montalvo & Visconti 2000
      • Tribusen Thylamyini
        • Slekta Chacodelphys
          • Chacoan pygmy opossum (Chacodelphys formosa)
        • Slekta Cryptonanus
          • Agricola's gracile opossum (Cryptonanus agricolai)
          • Chacoan gracile opossum (Cryptonanus chacoensis)
          • Guahiba gracile opossum (Cryptonanus guahybae)
          • †Red-bellied gracile opossum (Cryptonanus ignitus)
          • Unduavi gracile opossum (Cryptonanus unduaviensis)
        • Slekta Gracilinanus
          • Aceramarca gracile opossum (Gracilinanus aceramarcae)
          • Agile gracile opossum (Gracilinanus agilis)
          • Wood sprite gracile opossum (Gracilinanus dryas)
          • Emilia's gracile opossum (Gracilinanus emilae)
          • Northern gracile opossum (Gracilinanus marica)
          • Brazilian gracile opossum (Gracilinanus microtarsus)
          • Peruvian opossum (Gracilinanus peruanus)
        • Slekta Lestodelphys
          • Patagonian opossum (Lestodelphys halli)
          • †Lestodelphys juga (Ameghino 1889)
        • Slekta Marmosops
          Marmosops incanus
          • Underslekta Marmosops
            • Andean slender mouse opossum (Marmosops caucae)
            • Creighton's slender opossum (Marmosops creightoni)
            • Dorothy's slender opossum (Marmosops dorothea)
            • Tschudi's slender opossum (Marmosops impavidus)
            • Gray slender opossum (Marmosops incanus)
            • Neblina slender opossum (Marmosops neblina)
            • White-bellied slender opossum (Marmosops noctivagus)
            • Spectacled slender opossum (Marmosops ocellatus)
            • Brazilian slender opossum (Marmosops paulensis)
            • Soini's slender opossum (Marmosops soinii)
          • Underslekta Sciophanes
            • Bishop's slender opossum (Marmosops bishopi)
            • Carr's slender opossum (Marmosops carri)
            • Cordillera slender opossum (Marmosops chucha)
            • Narrow-headed slender opossum (Marmosops cracens)
            • Dusky slender opossum (Marmosops fuscatus)
            • Handley's slender opossum (Marmosops handleyi)
            • Panama slender opossum (Marmosops invictus)
            • Junin slender opossum (Marmosops juninensis)
            • Río Magdalena slender opossum (Marmosops magdalenae)
            • Silva's slender opossum (Marmosops marina)
            • Ojasti's slender opossum (Marmosops ojastii)
            • Pantepui slender opossum (Marmosops pakaraimae)
            • Delicate slender opossum (Marmosops parvidens)
            • Pinheiro's slender opossum (Marmosops pinheiroi)
            • Woodall's slender opossum (Marmosops woodalli)
        • Slekta Thylamys
          Thylamys elegans
          • Underslekta Thylamys
            • Cinderella fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys cinderella)
            • Mesopotamian fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys citellus)[16]
            • Elegant fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys elegans)
            • Paraguayan fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys macrurus)
            • White-bellied fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys pallidior)
            • Dry Chaco fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys pulchellus)[17]
            • Common fat-tailed mouse opossum|Chacoan fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys pusillus)
            • Argentine fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys sponsorius)
            • Tate's fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys tatei)
            • Buff-bellied fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys venustus)
          • Underslekta Xerodelpys
            • Karimi's fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys karimii)
            • Dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum (Thylamys velutinus)
          • †Thylamys colombianus Goin 1997[10]
          • †Thylamys minutus Goin 1997[10]
          • †Thylamys pinei Goin, Montalvo & Visconti 2000[18]
          • †Thylamys zettii Goin 1997[19]

Kjelder

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 «opossumer» i Store norske leksikon, snl.no.
  2. ↑ Voss, Robert S. (4. april 2022). «An Annotated Checklist of Recent Opossums (Mammalia: Didelphidae)». Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 455 (1): 1–76. ISSN 0003-0090. doi:10.1206/0003-0090.455.1.1. 
  3. ↑ Mammal Diversity (15. april 2023). «Mammal Diversity Database». doi:10.5281/zenodo.7830771. Henta 11. desember 2023. 
  4. ↑ McClure, Sonny R. (8. desember 2021). «New opossum species named after UWO biologist Greg Adler». www.abigailgroff.com (på engelsk). Henta 13. desember 2021. 
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6 Goin, Francisco J.; Pardinas, Ulyses F. J. (1996). «Revision de las especies del genero Hyperdidelphys Ameghino, 1904 (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae. Su significacion filogenetica, estratigrafica y adaptativa en el Neogeno del Cono Sur sudamericano». Estudios Geológicos 52 (5–6): 327–359. doi:10.3989/egeol.96525-6275. 
  6. ↑ Goin, Francisco J.; de los Reyes, Martin (2011). «Contribution to the knowledge of living representatives of the Slekta Lutreolina Thomas, 1910 (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae)». Historia Natural 1 (2): 15–25. JSTOR 20627135. 
  7. ↑ Martínez-Lanfranco, Juan A.; Flores, David; Jayat, J. Pablo; d'Elía, Guillermo (2014). «A new species of lutrine opossum, Slekta Lutreolina Thomas (Didelphidae), from the South American Yungas». Journal of Mammalogy 95 (2): 225. doi:10.1644/13-MAMM-A-246. hdl:11336/29722. 
  8. ↑ Cozzuol, Mario A.; Goin, Francisco J.; de los Reyes, Martin; Ranzi, Alceu (2006). «The oldest species of Didelphis (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae) from the late Miocene of Amazonia». Journal of Mammalogy 87 (4): 663–667. doi:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-282R2.1. 
  9. ↑ Goin, Francisco J.; Natalia Zimicz; Martin de los Reyes; Leopoldo Soibelzon (2009). «A new large didelphid of the genus Thylophorops (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae), from the late Tertiary of the Pampean Region (Argentina)». Zootaxa 2005: 35–46. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2005.1.3. hdl:11336/67625. 
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Goin, Francisco J. (1997). «New clues for understanding Neogene marsupial radiations». Vertebrate Paleontology of the Miocene in Colombia. A History of the Neotropical Fauna. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. s. 185–204. ISBN 978-1-56098-418-4. 
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Pavan, Silvia Eliza; Rossi, Rogerio Vieira; Schneider, Horacio (2012). «Species diversity in the Monodelphis brevicaudata complex (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) inferred from molecular and morphological data, with the description of a new species». Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 165: 190–223. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00791.x. 
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Voss, Robert S.; Pine, Ronald H.; Solari, Sergio (2012). «A New Species of the Didelphid Marsupial Slekta Monodelphis from Eastern Bolivia». American Museum Novitates (3740): 1–14. doi:10.1206/3740.2. 
  13. ↑ Solari, S. (2016). Monodelphis handleyi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T199833A22171921.en
  14. ↑ Beck, Robin M. D.; Taglioretti, Matias L. (2019). «A Nearly Complete Juvenile Skull of the Marsupial Sparassocynus derivatus from the Pliocene of Argentina, the Affinities of "Sparassocynids", and the Diversification of Opossums (Marsupialia; Didelphimorphia; Didelphidae)». Journal of Mammalian Evolution 27 (3): 385–417. doi:10.1007/s10914-019-09471-y. 
  15. ↑ Voss, Robert S.; Jansa, Sharon A. (2009). «Phylogenetic relationships and classification of didelphid marsupials, an extant radiation of New World metatherian mammals». Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 322: 1–177. doi:10.1206/322.1. hdl:2246/5975. 
  16. ↑ Flores, D. & Teta, P. (2016). Thylamys citellus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T199835A22172943.en
  17. ↑ Flores, D. & Teta, P. (2016). Thylamys pulchellus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T199834A22172571.en
  18. ↑ Goin, Francisco J.; Montalvo, C.I.; Visconti, G. (2000). «Los marsupiales (Mammalia) del Mioceno Superior de la Formacion Cerro Azul (Provincia de La Pampa, Argentina)». Estudios Geológicos 56 (1–2): 101–126. doi:10.3989/egeol.00561-2158. hdl:11336/108700. 
  19. ↑ Goin, Francisco J. (1997). «Thylamys zettii, nueva especie de marmosino (Marsupialia, Didelphidae) del Cenozoico tardio de la region Pampeana». Ameghiniana 34 (4): 481–484. 

Bakgrunnsstoff

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