మూస:Cite book

మూస డాక్యుమెంటేషన్[view] [edit] [చరిత్ర] [purge]

Citation Style 1 templates

{{Cite arXiv}}	arXiv preprints
{{Cite AV media}}	audio and visual media
{{Cite AV media notes}}	AV media liner notes
{{Cite bioRxiv}}	bioRxiv preprints
{{Cite book}}	books and chapters
{{Cite CiteSeerX}}	CiteSeerX papers
{{Cite conference}}	conference papers
{{Cite encyclopedia}}	edited collections
{{Cite episode}}	radio or TV episodes
{{Cite interview}}	interviews
{{Cite journal}}	academic journals
{{Cite magazine}}	magazines, periodicals
{{Cite mailing list}}	public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}	maps
{{Cite news}}	news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}	online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}	podcasts
{{Cite press release}}	press releases
{{Cite report}}	reports
{{Cite serial}}	audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}	signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}	speeches
{{Cite ssrn}}	SSRN papers
{{Cite techreport}}	technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}	theses
{{Cite web}}	web sources not covered by the above
See also	Specific-source templates Wrapper templates

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for books. నియతకాల పత్రికలో వ్యాసపు లింకును చేర్చటానికి {{cite journal}} ఉపయోగించండి. సమావేశ పత్రాలకు లింకు చేర్చటానికి {{cite conference}} వాడండి. సంపాదకత్వ సంకలనాలకు {{cite encyclopedia}} వాడండి. సిద్ధాంత గ్రంథాలు(thesis)కు {{cite thesis}} వాడండి.

Usage

Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn= have upper-case aliases like |ISBN=, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format

To cite a book with a credited author {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= |isbn= |author-link=}} To cite a book with no credited author {{cite book |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= |date= |isbn=}} To cite an online book that has been archived {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |dead-url= |location= |publisher= |isbn= |archive-url= |archive-date=}} To cite a book written in a foreign language {{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |location= |publisher= |isbn=}} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language book re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{cite book |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |dead-url= |format= |language= |location= |publisher= |isbn= |archive-url= |archive-date= |via= |subscription= |quote=}}

Most commonly used parameters in vertical format

{{cite book |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |page= <!-- or pages= --> |isbn= |author-link= }}

Full parameter set in horizontal format

{{cite book |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |last-author-amp= |translator-last1= |translator-first1= |translator-link1= |translator-mask1= |date= |year= |orig-year= |chapter= |script-chapter= |trans-chapter= |chapter-url= |chapter-format= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |dead-url= |format= |type= |series= |language= |volume= |issue= |others= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-date= |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |registration= |subscription= |lay-summary= |lay-source= |lay-date= |quote= |name-list-format= |mode= |postscript= |ref=}}

Full parameter set in vertical format

Parameters	Prerequisites	Brief instructions / notes	Vertical list
last1		may also use "last"; for additional authors, "last2", "last3", etc.	{{cite book |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2= |first2= |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |translator-last1= |translator-first1= |translator-link1= |translator-mask1= |date= |year= |orig-year= |chapter= |script-chapter= |trans-chapter= |chapter-url= |chapter-format= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor1-mask= |display-editors= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |dead-url= |format= |type= |series= |language= |volume= |issue= |others= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-date= |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |via= |registration= |subscription= |lay-summary= |lay-source= |lay-date= |quote= |name-list-format= |mode= |postscript= |ref= }}
first1	last or last1	may also use "first"; for additional authors, "first2", "first3", etc.
author-link1	last or last1	may also use "author-link"
author-mask1	last or last1	may also use "author-mask"
last2	last1
first2	last2
display-authors	last or last1
last-author-amp	last or last1
translator-last1		may also use "translator-last"; for additional translators, "translator-last2, etc.
translator-first1	translator-last or translator-last1
translator-link1	translator-last or translator-last1
translator-mask1	translator-last or translator-last1
date
year
orig-year	year or date
chapter		This should be the title of the chapter cited. Do not wikilink "chapter" if "chapterurl" is provided
script-chapter
trans-chapter	chapter or script-chapter
chapter-url	chapter or script-chapter
chapter-format	chapter-url
editor1-last		may also use "editor-last"
editor1-first	editor1-last	may also use 'editor-first"
editor1-link	editor1-last	may also use "editor-link"
editor1-mask	editor1-last
display-editors
title
script-title
trans-title	title or script-title
url	title or script-title
dead-url
format	url
type
series
language
volume
issue
others
edition		Ordinal number
location	publisher
publisher
publication-date
page		choose one: "page", "pages", or "at"
pages		choose one: "page", "pages", or "at". Use when content on multiple pages supports the article text.
at		choose one: "page", "pages", or "at"
nopp	page or pages	set nopp to "yes" to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers
arxiv
asin
bibcode
doi
doi-broken-date	doi
isbn		always include ISBN, if one has been assigned
issn
jfm
jstor
lccn
mr
oclc
ol
osti
pmc
pmid
rfc
ssrn
zbl
id
archive-url	archive-date, url
archive-date	archive-url
access-date	url
via
registration
subscription
lay-summary
lay-source	lay-summary
lay-date	lay-summary
quote
name-list-format		vanc to emulate Vancouver style
mode		cs1 or cs2
postscript
ref
If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.

Examples

Title

• {{cite book |title=Mysterious Book}}

  Mysterious Book.

Title and year

• {{cite book |title=Mysterious Book |date=1901}}

  Mysterious Book. 1901.

Basic usage (single author)

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}

  Bloggs, Joe (1974). Book of Bloggs.

Basic usage (two authors)

• {{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Bloggs |first2=Fred |author-link2=Fred Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}

  Bloggs, Joe; Bloggs, Fred (1974). Book of Bloggs.

Basic usage with url (and access-date) and edition

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs |edition=1st |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}

  Bloggs, Joe (1974). Book of Bloggs (1st ed.). Retrieved February 17, 2006.

Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Fred |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors |publisher=Book Publishers |date=January 1, 2001 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family |isbn=978-1-234-56789-7}}

  Bloggs, Fred (January 1, 2001). "Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family". In Doe, John (ed.). Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors. Book Publishers. pp. 100–110. ISBN 978-1-234-56789-7.

Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor

• {{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |last2=Egg |first2=Fred |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors |publisher=Book Publishers |date=January 1, 2001 |orig-year=1st pub. 1986 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 6: Getting There |chapter-url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |isbn=978-1-234-56789-7 }}

  Bloggs, Joe; Egg, Fred (January 1, 2001) [1st pub. 1986]. "Chapter 6: Getting There". In Doe, John (ed.). Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors. Book Publishers. pp. 100–110. ISBN 978-1-234-56789-7.

Three authors, title with a piped wikilink, edition

• {{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Smith |first2=John |last3=Smythe |first3=Jim |title=[[A Thousand Acres|1000 Acres]] |edition=2nd}}

  Bloggs, Joe; Smith, John; Smythe, Jim. 1000 Acres (2nd ed.).

Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (without volume and lastauthoramp)

• {{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I.S.O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G.M.S. |last3=Molony |first3=C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2007 |orig-year=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3}}

  Playfair, I.S.O.; Stitt, G.M.S.; Molony, C.J.C.; Toomer, S.E. (2007) [1st pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M. (ed.). Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.

Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (with volume and lastauthoramp)

• {{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I.S.O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G.M.S. |last3=Molony |first3=C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East |volume=I|publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2007 |orig-year=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 }}

  Playfair, I.S.O.; Stitt, G.M.S.; Molony, C.J.C.; Toomer, S.E. (2007) [1st pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M. (ed.). Mediterranean and Middle East. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. I. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.

Date without day, wikilinked title and publisher, pages, edition, location

• {{cite book |last1=Cordell |first1=Bruce R. |last2=Grubb |first2=Jeff |last3=Noonan |first3=David |date=September 2001 |title=[[Manual of the Planes]] |edition=3rd |publisher=Wizards of the Coast |location=Renton, Washington |isbn=0-7869-1850-0 |pages=134–137}}

  Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (September 2001). Manual of the Planes (3rd ed.). Renton, Washington: Wizards of the Coast. pp. 134–137. ISBN 0-7869-1850-0.

Other language

• {{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Jean |date=1974 |title=Livre de Bloggs |edition=1st |language=French |trans-title=Book of Bloggs |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}

  Bloggs, Jean (1974). Livre de Bloggs [Book of Bloggs] (in French) (1st ed.). Retrieved February 17, 2006.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

Using a DOI

• {{cite book |last=Mumford |first=David |author-link=David Mumford |date=1999 |title=The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians |edition=2nd |publisher=Springer-Verlag |doi=10.1007/b62130 |isbn=354063293X}}

  Mumford, David (1999). The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/b62130. ISBN 354063293X.

Using author-mask parameter

• {{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I.S.O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G.M.S. |last3=Molony |first3=C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |orig-year=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 }}

  Playfair, I.S.O.; Stitt, G.M.S.; Molony, C.J.C.; Toomer, S.E. (2004) [1st pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M. (ed.). Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.

• {{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I.S.O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F.C. |last3=Molony |first3=C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans Come to the Help of Their Ally (1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |orig-year=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-66-1 |author-mask=2}}

  ——; Flynn, F.C.; Molony, C.J.C.; Toomer, S.E. (2004) [1st pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M. (ed.). The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans Come to the Help of Their Ally (1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-66-1.

• {{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I.S.O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F.C. |last3=Molony |first3=C.J.C. |last4=Gleave |first4=T.P. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=Sir James |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes Reach Their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |orig-year=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-67-X |author-mask=2}}

  ——; Flynn, F.C.; Molony, C.J.C.; Gleave, T.P. (2004) [1st pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, Sir James (ed.). The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes Reach Their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-67-X.

Using display-authors parameter

• {{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I.S.O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G.M.S. |last3=Molony |first3=C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |orig-year=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |display-authors=1}}

  Playfair, I.S.O.; et al. (2004) [1st pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M. (ed.). Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.

Parameters

Syntax

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

• parent
• OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
  • child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
  • OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)

Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

COinS

This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

• use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example  , –, etc., should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters

Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the Usage section near the top of this documentation page.

• |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary=
• |chapter=, |script-chapter=, |contribution=, |script-contribution=, |entry=, |script-entry=, |article=, |script-article=, |section=, |script-section=
• |title=, |script-title=, |book-title=
• |publication-place=, |place=, |location=
• |date=, |year=, |publication-date=
• |series=, |version=
• |volume=, |issue=, |number=
• |page=, |pages=, |at=, |quote-page=, |quote-pages=
• |edition=
• |publisher=, |institution=
• |url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |section-url=
• |author-last=, |author-last#=, |author#-last=, |author-surname=, |author-surname#=, |author#-surname=, |last=, |last#=, |surname=, |surname#=, |author=, |author#=, |subject=, |subject#=, |host=, |host#=
• |author-first=, |author-first#=, |author#-first=, |author-given=, |author-given#=, |author#-given=, |first=, |first#=, |given=, |given#=
• |degree=
• |arxiv=, |bibcode=, |biorxiv=, |citeseerx=, |doi=, |eissn=, |eprint=, |hdl=, |isbn=, |issn=, |jfm=, |jstor=, |lccn=, |message-id=, |mr=, |oclc=, |osti=, |pmc=, |pmid=, |rfc=, |ssrn=, |s2cid=, |zbl=

Deprecated

Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters

Deprecated parameter	Replace with	Date
|lay-date=	if the source named by these parameters is important to the Wikipedia article, create a cs1|2 template for that source with all of the appropriate bibliographic information	2021-01-03
|lay-format=
|lay-source=
|lay-url=
|transcripturl=	|transcript-url=	2022-01-22

Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters

Removed parameter	Replace with	Date
|authorfirst=	|author-first=	October 2020
|authorfirstn=	|author-firstn=	October 2020
|authornfirst=	|authorn-first=	October 2020
|authorgiven=	|author-given=	October 2020
|authorgivenn=	|author-givenn=	October 2020
|authorngiven=	|authorn-given=	October 2020
|authorlast=	|author-last=	October 2020
|authorlastn=	|author-lastn=	October 2020
|authornlast=	|authorn-last=	October 2020
|authormask=	|author-mask=	January 2021
|authormaskn=	|author-maskn=	January 2021
|authornmask=	|authorn-mask=	January 2021
|authorsurname=	|author-surname=	October 2020
|authorsurnamen=	|author-surnamen=	October 2020
|authornsurname=	|authorn-surname=	October 2020
|booktitle=	|book-title=	May 2021
|chapterurl=	|chapter-url=	May 2021
|conferenceurl=	|conference-url=	April 2021
|contributionurl=	|contribution-url=	April 2021
|deadurl=yes	|url-status=dead	September 2019
|dead-url=yes	|url-status=dead	September 2019
|displayauthors=	|display-authors=	January 2021
|displayeditors=	|display-editors=	October 2020
|doi-broken=	|doi-broken-date=	October 2020
|doi-inactive-date=	|doi-broken-date=	October 2020
|editorfirst=	|editor-first=	October 2020
|editorfirstn=	|editor-firstn=	October 2020
|editornfirst=	|editorn-first=	October 2020
|editorgiven=	|editor-given=	October 2020
|editorgivenn=	|editor-givenn=	October 2020
|editorngiven=	|editorn-given=	October 2020
|editorlast=	|editor-last=	October 2020
|editorlastn=	|editor-lastn=	October 2020
|editornlast=	|editorn-last=	October 2020
|editorlink=	|editor-link=	January 2021
|editorlinkn=	|editor-linkn=	January 2021
|editornlink=	|editorn-link=	January 2021
|editors=	|editor= (one editor) or |editorn= (more than one editor) or |veditors= (for Vancouver style editors). Consider splitting |editorn= into |editor-firstn= and |editor-lastn=, if possible. Consider |editor-maskn=, if annotation is required.	January 2021
|editorsurname=	|editor-surname=	October 2020
|editorsurnamen=	|editor-surnamen=	October 2020
|editornsurname=	|editorn-surname=	October 2020
|editormask=	|editor-mask=	October 2020
|editormaskn=	|editor-maskn=	October 2020
|editornmask=	|editorn-mask=	October 2020
|embargo=	|pmc-embargo-date=	October 2020
|episodelink=	|episode-link=	May 2021
|event-format=	(delete)	January 2021
|eventurl=	(delete)	January 2021
|event-url=	(delete)	January 2021
|ignoreisbnerror=	|isbn=((<isbn>))	October 2020
|ignore-isbn-error=	|isbn=((<isbn>))	January 2021
|interviewerlink=	|interviewer-link=	October 2020
|interviewerlinkn=	|interviewer-linkn=	October 2020
|interviewernlink=	|interviewern-link=	October 2020
|interviewermask=	|interviewer-mask=	October 2020
|interviewermaskn=	|interviewer-maskn=	October 2020
|interviewernmask=	|interviewern-mask=	October 2020
|last-author-amp=	|name-list-style=amp	January 2021
|lastauthoramp=	|name-list-style=amp	January 2021
|laydate=	|lay-date=	April 2021
|laysource=	|lay-source=	April 2021
|layurl=	|lay-url=	April 2021
|mailinglist=	|mailing-list=	May 2021
|mapurl=	|map-url=	May 2021
|name-list-format=	|name-list-style=	April 2021
|nocat=	|no-tracking=	January 2021
|no-cat=	|no-tracking=	October 2020
|nopp=	|no-pp=	May 2021
|notracking=	|no-tracking=	October 2020
|publicationdate=	|publication-date=	May 2021
|publicationplace=	|publication-place=	May 2021
|registration=	|url-access=registration	January 2020
|sectionurl=	|section-url=	April 2021
|serieslink=	|series-link=	May 2021
|seriesno=	|series-no=	April 2021
|seriesnumber=	|series-number=	January 2021
|series-separator=	(delete)	October 2020
|subjectlink=	|subject-link=	January 2021
|subjectlinkn=	|subject-linkn=	January 2021
|subjectnlink=	|subjectn-link=	January 2021
|subscription=	|url-access=subscription	January 2020
|timecaption=	|time-caption=	April 2021
|titlelink=	|title-link=	April 2021
|transcripturl=	|transcript-url= restored January 2022 as deprecated	May 2021

Description

Authors

• last: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use last or one of its aliases (e.g. |author=Bono). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1.
  • author: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single author (first and last) or to hold the name of a corporate author. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author.
  • first: Given or first names of author; for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Firstname M. Sr. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. Aliases: given, first1, given1. Requires last; first name will not display if last is empty. Use generational and regnal suffixes only in accordance with and use honorifics only in accordance with .
  • OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through lastn, firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each firstn requires a corresponding lastn, but not the other way around). See the display parameters to change how many authors are displayed. Aliases: surname1, given1 through surnamen, givenn, or author1 through authorn. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use |first1=...|last1=...|author2=....
  • author-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: author-link1, author1-link, authorlink.
  • OR: for multiple authors, use author-link1 through author-linkn. Aliases: author1-link through authorn-link.
  • name-list-style: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to amp, ampersand, or &, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vancdisplays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last/first forms of name parameters.
• vauthors: comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses. End with etal if appropriate:

  |vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal

  • author-link and author-mask may be used for the individual names in |vauthors= as described above
• authors: Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of last.
• contributor-last: (book cites only) surname of the author of contribution (which is required). Aliases: contributor-surname, contributor1, contributor1-last, contributor-last1.
  • contributor-first: Given or first names of contributor. Do not wikilink—use contributor-link instead. Aliases: contributor-given, contributor1-first, contributor-first1.
  • OR: for multiple contributors, use contributor-last1, contributor-first1 through contributor-lastn, contributor-firstn where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of contributors (each contributor-firstn requires a corresponding contributor-lastn, but not the other way around). Aliases: contributor1-last, contributor1-first through contributorn-last, contributorn-first, or contributor1 through contributorn.
  • contributor-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the contributor—not the contributor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: contributor-link1, contributor1-link.
  • OR: for multiple contributors, use contributor-link1 through contributor-linkn. Aliases: contributor1-link through contributorn-link.
• translator-last: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-surname, translator1, translator1-last, translator-last1.
  • translator-first: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-given, translator1-first, translator-first1.
  • OR: for multiple translators, use translator-last1, translator-first1 through translator-lastn, translator-firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each translator-firstn requires a corresponding translator-lastn, but not the other way around). Aliases: translator1-last, translator1-first through translatorn-last, translatorn-first, or translator1 through translatorn.
  • translator-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: translator-link1, translator1-link.
  • OR: for multiple translators, use translator-link1 through translator-linkn. Aliases: translator1-link through translatorn-link.
• collaboration: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
• others: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write Illustrated by John Smith.
• Note: When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.

Title

(See also Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters.)

• title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in italics. If script-title is defined, use title to hold a Romanization (if available) of the title in script-title.
  • script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in title (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script:

    ... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...

  • trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title. Use of the language parameter is recommended.

Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.

newline	[	]	|
space	[	]	{{!}} (preferred)
	{{bracket|text}}		| or {{pipe}} – see also Help:Table § Rendering the pipe

• title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink.

• type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keyword none can be used to disable the display of a type. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, Accepted manuscript, CD liner, Press release. Alias: medium.

• chapter: The chapter heading of the source. May be wikilinked or may use chapter-url, but not both. Displays in quotes. If script-chapter is defined, use chapter to hold a Romanization (if available) of the title in script-chapter
  • script-chapter: Chapter heading for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); follows Romanization defined in chapter (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script:

    ... |chapter=Tōkyō tawā |script-chapter=ja:東京タワー |trans-chapter=Tokyo Tower ...

  • trans-chapter: English translation of the chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after the chapter field; if chapter-url is defined, then trans-chapter is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
• contribution: A separately-authored part of author's book. May be wikilinked or may use contribution-url, but not both. Values of Afterword, Foreword, Introduction, or Preface will display unquoted; any other value will display in quotation marks. The author of the contribution is given in contributor.

• language: The language (or a comma-separated list of the languages) in which the source is written, as either the ISO 639 language code (preferred) or the full language name. Examples: |language=ru; |lang=fr, pt-br; |lang=Russian; |language=French, Portuguese. See the list of supported codes and names. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form: espagnol at a French-language wiki instead of the English word "Spanish". Aliases: lang

Date

• date: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Required when year is used to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.^[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher. For acceptable date formats, see Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates.

For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900.

For no date, or "undated", use |date=n.d.

The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a created or updated date; a comment for editors such as date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01 can be added.

Automatic date formatting: Citation Style 1 and 2 templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as |date=, |publication-date=, |access-date=, |archive-date=, etc.) except for |orig-date= in the style specified by the article's {{use dmy dates}} or {{use mdy dates}} template. See those templates' documentation for details.

• year: Year of source being referenced. The usage of this parameter is discouraged; use the more flexible |date= parameter instead unless both of the following conditions are met:
  1. The |date= format is YYYY-MM-DD.
  2. The citation requires a CITEREF disambiguator.
• orig-date: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the date (or year). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |orig-date=First published 1859 or |orig-date=Composed 1904. As |orig-date= does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by |df= (or, if it exists in the article, by |cs1-dates= of a {{use dmy dates}} or {{use mdy dates}} template), or as used in the |date= parameter. Alias: orig-year
• df: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these:

  dmy – set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;

  mdy – as above for month day, year format

  ymd – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

  dmy-all – set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;

  mdy-all – as above for month day, year format

  ymd-all – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

Publisher

• publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The publisher is the company, organization or other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. Do not use the publisher parameter for the name of a work (e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes The New York Times newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after title.
• place: For news stories with a dateline, the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias: location
• publication-place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place, for example, The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. If only one of publication-place, place, or location is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
• publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. If date (or year) is also defined and is different, then publication-date displays preceded by "published" and enclosed in parentheses, following publisher. If date (or year) is not defined, publication-date is displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink.
• via: Name of the content deliverer (if different from publisher). via is not a replacement for publisher, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer (e.g. NewsBank) presents the source in a format different from the original, when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution. See the access level parameters to display access restrictions.

Edition, series, volume

• edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so |edition=2nd produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.

• series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal, where the issue numbering has restarted.

• volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37). Volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase Roman numerals, or fewer than five characters will appear in bold. Any alphanumeric value of five or more characters will not appear in bold. In rare cases, publications carry both an ongoing volume and a year-related value; if so, provide them both, for example |volume=IV / #10.

In-source locations

• page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Displays preceded by p. unless |no-pp=yes. If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |page=3{{hyphen}}12), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert |page=3-12 to |pages=3{{ndash}}12. Alias: p.
• OR: pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by pp. unless |no-pp=yes.
  Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value of |pages= without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)). Alternatively, use |at=, like this: |at=pp. 3-1–3-15. Alias: pp.
  • no-pp: Set to yes, y, or true to suppress the p. or pp. notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover or |pages=passim.
• OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by |page= or |pages=. Use only one of |page=, |pages=, or |at=.
  Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.
• For |quote-page= and |quote-pages= used in conjunction with |quote=, see here.

URL

• url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by title can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. #ixzz2rBr3aO94 or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=.... For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see WP:PAGELINKS. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon; use |isbn= or |oclc= to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
  • access-date: Full date when the content pointed to by url was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires url; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. Not required for linked documents that do not change. For example, access-date is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see WP:CITEWEB. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note that access-date is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See "Automatic date formatting" above for details about interaction with {{use dmy dates}} and {{use mdy dates}}. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors. Alias: accessdate.
  • archive-url: The URL of an archived snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as Internet Archive (see Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine) and archive.today (see Help:Using archive.today); requires archive-date and url. By default (overridden by |url-status=live) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: archiveurl.
    • archive-date: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See "Automatic date formatting" above for details about interaction with {{use dmy dates}} and {{use mdy dates}}. Alias: archivedate.
    • url-status: the |url-status= parameter should only be included if an |archive-url= is set (dead links without an archive URL can be marked with {{dead link}}). If |url-status= is omitted, or is specified with a null value, the default value is |url-status=dead. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |url-status=live; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
      If the original URL is 'live' but no longer supports the article text, set |url-status=deviated. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting |url-status=unfit or |url-status=usurped suppresses display of the original URL (but |url= and |archive-url= are still required).
    • archive-format: File format of the work referred to by archive-url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See Using |format=
  • url-access: See Access indicators for url-holding parameters
• format: File format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. (For media format, use type.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See Using |format=

URLలు, URI scheme కు అనుగుణంగా మొదలవ్వాలి. http://, https:// లకు బ్రౌజర్లన్నీ మద్దతిస్తాయి; అయితే, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto:, news: లకు ప్లగిన్‌లు గానీ, లేదా బయటి అప్లికేషను ఏదైనా గానీ అవసరం కావచ్చు. దాన్ని వీలైనంతవరకు నివారించాలి. ప్రస్తుతం IPv6 హోస్ట్‌లకు మద్దతు లేదు.

ఉల్లేఖన మూసల పరామితుల్లో వాడే URL లలో కొన్ని నిర్దుష్ట క్యారెక్టర్లుంటే, ఆ లింకులను సరిగ్గా చూపించవు. ఆ క్యారెక్టర్లను percent-encoded చెయ్యాలి. ఉదాహరణకు, స్పేసును %20 అని మార్చాలి. URL ను ఎన్‌కోడింగు చెయ్యాలంటే, క్యారెక్టర్లను కింది విధంగా మార్చాలి:

Character	space	"	'	<	>	[	]	{	|	}
Encoding	%20	%22	%27	%3C	%3E	%5B	%5D	%7B	%7C	%7D

Single apostrophe లను ఎన్‌కోడింగు చెయ్యనక్కరలేదు; అయితే, ఒకటి కంటే ఎక్కువ ఉన్నపుడు ఎన్‌కోడింగు చెయ్యకపోతే వాటిని వాలు గానీ బొద్దు గానో చూపిస్తుంది. అలాగే Single మీసాల బ్రాకెట్లను ఎన్‌కోడింగు చెయ్యనక్కరలేదు; అయితే, రెండు ఉన్నపుడూ ఎన్‌కోడింగు చెయ్యకపోతే దాన్ని మూస ట్రాన్స్‌క్లూజను లాగా రెండరు చేస్తుంది.

Chapter URL

• chapter-url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by chapter or contribution can be found. Cannot be used if those parameters are wikilinked. Should be at the same site as url, if any. If chapter-url is used, url should only be used if the beginning of the work and the cited chapter are on separate webpages at the site. Aliases: contribution-url, section-url.
• chapter-format: Format of the work referred to by chapter-url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after chapter. HTML is implied and should not be specified. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.

Anchor

• ref: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set, |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID (the id= attribute in the citation's ‎<cite id="ID"> HTML tag). Setting |ref=ID identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with {{sfn}} and {{harv}} templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair |ref=harv has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should not be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none. Aliases: none. See Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.

Identifiers

• id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use an external link template as applicable. For example, |id=NCJ 122967 will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as |id={{NCJ|122967}} to append NCJ 122967 instead.

The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822 or |pmc=345678.

• arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example: |arxiv=hep-th/9205027 (before April 2007) or |arxiv=0706.0001 (April 2007 – December 2014) or |arxiv=1501.00001 (since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases: eprint.
• asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number; if first character of asin value is a digit, use isbn. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example |asin=B00005N5PF. Aliases: ASIN.
  • asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: ae, au, br, ca, cn, de, es, fr, in, it, jp, mx, nl, pl, sa, se, sg, tr, uk. Aliases: none.
• bibcode: bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: 1974AJ.....79..819H. Aliases: none.
• biorxiv: bioRxiv id, as in the entire DOI (e.g. 10.1101/078733 for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://doi.org/10.1101/078733; 10.1101/2020.07.24.220400 for https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400). Aliases: none.
• citeseerx: CiteSeerX id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. 10.1.1.176.341 for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341). Aliases: none.
• doi: Digital object identifier; for example: 10.1038/news070508-7. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.). Aliases: DOI.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid DOIs using a non-standard format, see below.
  • doi-broken-date: Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive at https://doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.
• eissn: International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example |eissn=1557-2986. Aliases: EISSN.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid eISSNs using a non-standard format, see below.
• hdl: Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example |hdl=20.1000/100. Aliases: HDL.
• isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example: 978-0-8126-9593-9. (See Wikipedia:ISBN and ISBN § Overview.) Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use sbn. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISBN.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid ISBNs using a non-standard format, see below.
• ismn: International Standard Music Number; for example: 979-0-9016791-7-7. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISMN.
• issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example |issn=2049-3630. Aliases: ISSN.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid ISSNs using a non-standard format, see below.
• jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik; do not include "JFM" in the value; example |jfm=53.0144.01. Aliases: JFM.
• jstor: JSTOR reference number; for example: |jstor=3793107. Aliases: JSTOR.
• lccn: Library of Congress Control Number. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example |lccn=79-57364 or |lccn=2004042477 or |lccn=e09001178. Aliases: LCCN.
• mr: Mathematical Reviews; example |mr=630583. Aliases: MR.
• oclc: OCLC Number for looking up publications in the WorldCat union catalog; example |oclc=9355469. Aliases: OCLC.
• ol: Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example |ol=7030731M. Aliases: OL.
• osti: Office of Scientific and Technical Information; example |osti=4367507. Aliases: OSTI.
• pmc: PubMed Central; use article number for open repository full-text of a journal article, e.g. |pmc=345678. Do not include "PMC" in the value. See also the pmid parameter, below; these are two different identifiers. Aliases: PMC.
  • pmc-embargo-date: Date that pmc goes live; if this date is in the future, then pmc is not linked until that date. Aliases: none.
• pmid: PubMed; use unique identifier; example |pmid=17322060 See also the pmc parameter, above; these are two different identifiers. Aliases: PMID.
• rfc: Request for Comments; example |rfc=3143. Aliases: RFC.
• sbn: Standard Book Number; example |sbn=356-02201-3. Aliases: SBN.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate valid SBNs using a non-standard format, see below.
• ssrn: Social Science Research Network; example |ssrn=1900856. Aliases: SSRN.
• s2cid: Semantic Scholar corpus ID; example |s2cid=37220927. Aliases: S2CID.
• zbl: Zentralblatt MATH; example |zbl=0472.53010 For zbMATH search results like JFM 35.0387.02 use |jfm=35.0387.02. Aliases: ZBL.

In very rare cases, valid identifiers (f.e., as actually printed on publications) do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums, which would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (|doi=, |eissn=, |isbn=, |issn=, and |sbn=) support a special accept-this-as-written markup which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as |<param>=((<value>))). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.

For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the access status using the corresponding |<param>-access= parameter.

For {{cite journal}}, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url= and |title-link= are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link= to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmc or |title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).

It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link identical to a link also produced by an identifier. The |url= parameter (or |title-link=) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a convenience link to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.

Quote

• quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. If script-quote is defined, use quote to hold a Romanization (if available) of the text in script-quote.
  • script-quote: Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in quote (if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script:

    ... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...

  • trans-quote: English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none.
• quote-page: The number of a single page quoted in |quote=. Use either |quote-page= or |quote-pages=, but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in |page=, |pages= or |at=. Displays preceded by p. unless |no-pp=yes. If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12). Alias: none.
• OR: quote-pages: A list or range of pages quoted in |quote=. Use either |quote-page= or |quote-pages=, but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in |pages= or |at=. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded by pp. unless |no-pp=yes is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value of |quote-pages= without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)). Alias: none.

Editors

• editor-last: surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor-last1, editor1-last, editor-surname, editor-surname1, editor1-surname, editor, editor1.
  • editor: This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor.
  • editor-first: given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor-first1, editor1-first, editor-given, editor-given1, editor1-given.
  • OR: for multiple editors, use editor-last1, editor-first1 through editor-lastn, editor-firstn (Aliases: editorn-last, editor-surnamen or editorn-surname; editorn-first, editor-givenn or editorn-given; editorn). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use |editor-first1=...|editor-last1=... |editor2=....
  • editor-link: title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor-link1.
  • OR: for multiple editors, use editor-link1 through editor-linkn (alias editorn-link).
  • name-list-style: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to amp, ampersand, or &, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vancdisplays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last/first forms of name parameters.
• veditors: comma separated list of editor names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses. End with etal if appropriate:

  |veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal

  • editor-linkn and editor-maskn may be used for the individual names in |veditors=, as described above
• Display:

  Use display-editors to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.

  If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.

  If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."

Laysummary

These parameters are deprecated. If the source that they name is important to the Wikipedia article, create a separate cs1|2 template for that source.

• lay-url: (deprecated) URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary".
  • lay-source: (deprecated) Name of the source of the lay summary. Displays in italics and preceded by a spaced endash.
  • lay-date: (deprecated) Date of the lay summary. Displays in parentheses.
  • lay-format: (deprecated) File format of the work referred to by lay-url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after lay summary. HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See Using |format=

Display options

• mode: ఉల్లేఖనలో ఉన్న అంశాలకు మధ్యన ఏ విరామ చిహ్నం ఉండాలి, ఉల్లేఖనకు చివర ఏ చిహ్నం ఉండాలి, క్యాపిటలు అక్షరాలు ఎప్పుడు ఎక్కడ వాడాలి వగైరా విశేషాలను నిర్ణయిస్తుంది. |mode=cs1 లో విరామ చిహ్నం చుక్క (.); అవసరమైన చోట్ల కొన్ని పదాల తొలి అక్షరాలను క్యాపిటలు వాడుతుంది ('Retrieved...'). |mode=cs2 లో, అంశాల మష్య కామా ఉంటుంది (,); చివరన ఏమీ ఉండదు; కొన్ని పదాల తొలి అక్షరాలను క్యాపిటలు వాడదు ('retrieved...'). ఈ మూసల్లో డిఫాల్టుగా ఉన్న చివరి విరామ చిహ్నాన్ని మార్చాలనుకుంటే postscript ను వాడాలి.
• author-mask:
• contributor-mask:
• editor-mask:
• interviewer-mask:
• subject-mask:
• translator-mask:

  (మొదటి) author పేరు చూపకుండా దాని స్థానంలో em dashes ను గానీ ఏదైనా పాఠ్యాన్ని గానీ చూపిస్తుంది. <name>-mask కు విలువగా n అనే అంకె ఏదైనా ఇస్తే డ్యాష్‌లు n em స్పేసుల వెడల్పుతో చూపిస్తుంది; <name>-mask కు ఏదైనా టెక్స్టు విలువ ఇస్తే, ఆ టెక్స్టునే, చివర్లో విరామ చిహ్నం ఏమీ లేకుండా చూపిస్తుంది; ఉదాహరణకు, "with". The numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with <name>-link—in this case, the value of <name>-link will be used as (linked) text. వీటికి విలువలు ఏది ఇచ్చినా, ఆథరు పేర్లన్నీ మాత్రం ఇవ్వాల్సిందే. ఒకే కర్త పలు గ్రంథాలు రాసినపుడూ ఒక గ్రంథ సూచీలో వాటిని చూపాల్సి వచ్చినపుడు ఈ పరామితులను వాడతారు -ఇలా: shortened footnotes. {{reflist}}, ‎<references /> లేదా ఇలాంటి ఇతర మూసలు సృష్టించే జాబితాల్లో వీటిని వాడవద్దు. ఎందుకంటే ఆయా మూలాలను ఏ వరుసలో చూపించాలనే విషయమై వాటికి నియంత్రణ ఉండదు. ఫలానా name కు మాస్కును చేర్చాలని అనుకున్నపుడు మాస్క్ పరామితులకు అంకెను చేర్చవచ్చు (ఉదా: |authorn-mask=).

• display-authors:
• display-contributors:
• display-editors:
• display-interviewers:
• display-subjects:
• display-translators:

  ఉల్లేఖనను ప్రచురించినపుడు ఎంతమంది author పేర్లు లేదా editor పేర్లను చూపాలో ఇది నిర్ణయిస్తుంది. ఉదాహరణకు, |display-authors=2 అంటే మొదటి ఇద్దరు ఆథర్లను చూపిస్తుంది. అలాగే, |display-editors=2 అనేది మొదటి ఇద్దరు ఎడిటర్లను చూపిస్తుంది. |display-authors=0, |display-editors=0 అనేవి, అసలు ఆథర్లు, ఎడిటర్లు ఎవరినీ చూపించని (et al తో సహా ) ప్రత్యేక సందర్భాలు. డిఫాల్టుగా ఆథర్లు, ఎడిటర్లూ అందరినీ చూపిస్తుంది. |display-authors=etal అనేది ఆథర్లందరినీ చూపిస్తూ చివర్లో et al. అని చూపిస్తుంది. దీని అలియాస్ పరామితులు: లేవు.

• postscript: ఉల్లేఖన అంతాన ఏ విరామ చిహ్నం ఉండాలనేది ఇది నిర్ణయిస్తుంది; దీని డిఫాల్టు విలువ చుక్క(.); చిహ్నం ఏమీ వద్దనుకుంటే |postscript=none అని ఇవ్వాలి. |postscript= ను ఖాళీగా వదిలేసినా ఫలితం ఇదే ఉంటుంది గానీ అది కాస్త సందిగ్ధంగా ఉంటుంది. అదనంగా ఇచ్చిన ఏదైనా పాఠ్యంలో గానీ, లేదా మూసను ఇస్తే అది చూపించే పాఠ్యంలో గానీ చివర ఒకటి కంటే ఎక్కువ విరామ చిహ్నాలుంటే అది ఒక మెయింటెనెన్స్ సందేశాన్ని చూపిస్తుంది. quote ను నిర్వచించి ఉంటే |postscript= ను పట్టించుకోదు.

Subscription or registration required

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles.

Four access levels can be used:

• access indicator for named identifiers:
  • free: the source is free to read for anyone (from the viewpoint of the provider of the source – could still be blocked by client-side filtering or safeguarding, or distributor-based geoblocking)
• access indicators for url-holding parameters:
  • registration: a free registration with the provider of the source is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registration
  • limited: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views, a restriction to certain day or night times, or providing the contents only to certain IP ranges/locales on behalf of the provider of the source) to freely access this source as a whole
  • subscription: the source as a whole is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source ("paywall"), even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without subscription

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.

Access indicators for url-holding parameters

Online sources linked by |url=, |article-url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |entry-url=, |map-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these url-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as free.

URL-holding and access-indicator parameters

URL	Access	Allowed keywords
|url=	|url-access=	registration limited subscription
|article-url=	|article-url-access=
|chapter-url=	|chapter-url-access=
|contribution-url=	|contribution-url-access=
|entry-url=	|entry-url-access=
|map-url=	|map-url-access=
|section-url=	|section-url-access=

For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:

{{cite web |url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php |url-access=registration |date=2021-04-15 |title=Nifty example data}}

which renders as:

"Nifty example data". 2021-04-15.

Access indicator for named identifiers

Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription.

Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters

Identifier	Access	Allowed keywords
|bibcode=	|bibcode-access=	free
|doi=	|doi-access=
|hdl=	|hdl-access=
|jstor=	|jstor-access=
|ol=	|ol-access=
|osti=	|osti-access=
|s2cid=	|s2cid-access=

Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:

• |arxiv=
• |biorxiv=
• |citeseerx=
• |pmc=
• |rfc=
• |ssrn=

For embargoed pmc that will become available in the future, see pmc-embargo-date.

TemplateData

See Template:Cite book/TemplateData.

See also

• Reftag, tool for translating Google Books permalinks into Wikipedia references

This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.

The above documentation is transcluded from మూస:Cite book/doc. (edit | చరిత్ర)
Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox (create | mirror) and testcases (create) pages.
Add categories to the /doc subpage. Subpages of this template.

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Cite book in articles based on its TemplateData. TemplateData for Cite book ఈ మూస, మూలంగా సూచించదలచిన పుస్తకానికి సంబంధించిన పేరు, కర్త వంటి సమాచారాన్ని తీసుకుని ఉల్లేఖనను తయారు చేస్తుంది. మూస పరామితులు[టెంప్లేట్‌డేటాను నిర్వహించు] ఈ మూసకు, పరామితుల ఇన్‌లైను ఫార్మాటింగు కావాలి. పరామితి వివరణ రకం స్థితి URL url URL The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the  protocol relative scheme "//..." ఉదాహరణ https://books.google.com/books?id=... స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Title title The title of the book; displays in italics స్ట్రింగు తప్పనిసరి Title link title-link titlelink episode-link episodelink Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Last name last last1 author author1 author1-last author-last surname1 author-last1 subject1 surname author-last subject The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors స్ట్రింగు సూచించినవి First name first given author-first first1 given1 author-first1 author1-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors స్ట్రింగు సూచించినవి Vancouver style author list vauthors If using Vancouver style, comma separated list of author names; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses ఉదాహరణ Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation)) స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 2 last2 author2 surname2 author-last2 author2-last subject2 The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 2 first2 given2 author-first2 author2-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 3 last3 author3 surname3 author-last3 author3-last subject3 The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 3 first3 given3 author-first3 author3-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 4 last4 author4 surname4 author-last4 author4-last subject4 The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 4 first4 given4 author-first4 author4-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 5 last5 author5 surname5 author-last5 author5-last subject5 The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 5 first5 given5 author-first5 author5-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 6 last6 author6 surname6 author-last6 author6-last subject6 The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 6 first6 given6 author-first6 author6-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 7 last7 author7 surname7 author-last7 author7-last subject7 The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 7 first7 given7 author-first7 author7-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 8 last8 author8 surname8 author-last8 author8-last subject8 The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 8 first8 given8 author-first8 author8-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name 9 last9 author9 surname9 author-last9 author9-last subject9 The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name 9 first9 given9 author-first9 author9-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Collaboration collaboration Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors which list one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends 'et al.' to author name-list. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Date date air-date airdate Full date of the source; do not wikilink తేదీ ఐచ్చికం Work work journal website newspaper magazine encyclopedia encyclopaedia dictionary mailinglist Name of the work in which the cited book text is found స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Publisher publisher distributor institution newsgroup Name of the publisher; displays after title స్ట్రింగు సూచించినవి Others others Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Year of publication year Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known స్ట్రింగు సూచించినవి ISBN isbn ISBN13 isbn13 ISBN International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible స్ట్రింగు సూచించినవి Ignore ISBN Error ignore-isbn-error True if ISBN Errors should be ignored.If set, page will be added to a maintenance category "CS1 maint: Ignored ISBN errors". బూలియన్ ఐచ్చికం Editor last name editor-last editor editor-surname editor-last1 editor-surname1 editor1 editor1-last editor1-surname The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors తెలియనిది ఐచ్చికం Editor first name editor-first editor-given editor-first1 editor-given1 editor1-first editor1-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors తెలియనిది ఐచ్చికం Link for editor editor-link editorlink editor-link1 editor1-link editorlink1 editor1link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Editor mask editor-mask editormask editormask1 editor1-mask editor-mask1 editor1mask Replaces the name of the first editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Vancouver style editor list veditors Comma separated list of editor names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses ఉదాహరణ Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation)) స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Editors list editors Free-form list of editor names; use of this parameter is discouraged తెలియనిది వాడుకలో లేదు Edition edition When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed by ' ed.' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Series identifier series version Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Volume volume For one publication published in several volumes స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Location of publication location place Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place స్ట్రింగు సూచించినవి Place of publication publication-place publicationplace Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Publication date publication-date publicationdate Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Page page p The number of a single page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Page(s) cited pages pp A range of pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both స్ట్రింగు సూచించినవి No pp nopp Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover') స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం At at May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Language language in The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name translator-last translator translator-last1 translator1 translator1-last The surname of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name translator-first translator1-first translator-first1 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Script title script-title For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:... స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translated title trans-title trans_title An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Chapter chapter contribution entry article section The chapter heading of the source; may be wikilinked or with 'chapterurl' but not both. For the contribution alias, see contributor-last స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Script Chapter script-chapter Chapter heading for languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc); follows transliteration defined in chapter. Should be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script ఉదాహరణ ja:東京タワー స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translated chapter trans-chapter trans_chapter An English language chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Type type medium Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Format format Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం arXiv identifier arxiv ARXIV eprint An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం arXiv Class class Cite arXiv identifiers స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం ASIN asin ASIN Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం ASIN TLD asin-tld ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Bibcode bibcode Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం biorXiv biorxiv biorXiv identifier; 6 digits లైను ఐచ్చికం CiteSeerX citeseerx CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter లైను ఐచ్చికం DOI doi DOI Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం EISSN eissn EISSN International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space. ఉదాహరణ 2009-0048 స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Handle System identifier hdl HDL Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం ISMN ismn ISMN International Standard Music Number; Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. ఉదాహరణ 979-0-9016791-7-7 స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం ISSN issn ISSN International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం jfm code jfm Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం JSTOR jstor JSTOR JSTOR identifier స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం LCCN lccn LCCN Library of Congress Control Number స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం MR mr MR Mathematical Reviews identifier స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం OCLC oclc OCLC Online Computer Library Center number స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం OL ol OL Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" at beginning of identifier స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం OSTI osti OSTI Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం PMC pmc PubMed Center article number స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం PMID pmid PMID PubMed Unique Identifier స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం RFC rfc Request for Comments number స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం SSRN ssrn Social Science Research Network స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Zbl zbl Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం id id ID A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Quote quote quotation Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Ref ref An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Name list format name-list-format Accepts the single keyword 'vanc' to emulate Vancouver Style author / editor name-lists. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Mode mode Sets separator and terminal punctuation to the style named in the assigned value; allowable values are: 'cs1' or 'cs2' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Postscript postscript The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none' అప్రమేయం . స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Registration registration For online sources that require registration, set to 'yes' (or 'y', or 'true'); superseded by subscription if both are set స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Subscription subscription For online sources that require subscription, set to 'yes' (or 'y', or 'true'); supersedes registration if both are set స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask author-mask authormask authormask1 author1-mask author-mask1 author1mask Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 2 author-mask2 authormask2 author2-mask author2mask Replaces the name of the second author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 3 author-mask3 authormask3 author3-mask author3mask Replaces the name of the third author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 4 author-mask4 authormask4 author4-mask author4mask Replaces the name of the fourth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 5 author-mask5 authormask5 author5-mask author5mask Replaces the name of the fifth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 6 author-mask6 authormask6 author6-mask author6mask Replaces the name of the sixth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 7 author-mask7 authormask7 author7-mask author7mask Replaces the name of the seventh author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 8 author-mask8 authormask8 author8-mask author8mask Replaces the name of the eighth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Author mask 9 author-mask9 authormask9 author9-mask author9mask Replaces the name of the ninth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Display authors display-authors displayauthors number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used సంఖ్య ఐచ్చికం Author link author-link authorlink subjectlink subject-link authorlink1 author-link1 author1-link subjectlink1 author1link subject-link1 subject1-link subject1link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 2 author-link2 authorlink2 author2-link subjectlink2 author2link subject-link2 subject2-link subject2link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 3 author-link3 authorlink3 author3-link subjectlink3 author3link subject-link3 subject3-link subject3link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 4 author-link4 authorlink4 author4-link subjectlink4 author4link subject-link4 subject4-link subject4link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 5 author-link5 authorlink5 author5-link subjectlink5 author5link subject-link5 subject5-link subject5link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 6 author-link6 authorlink6 author6-link subjectlink6 author6link subject-link6 subject6-link subject6link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 7 author-link7 authorlink7 author7-link subjectlink7 author7link subject-link7 subject7-link subject7link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 8 author-link8 authorlink8 author8-link subjectlink8 author8link subject-link8 subject8-link subject8link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Author link 9 author-link9 authorlink9 author9-link subjectlink9 author9link subject-link9 subject9-link subject9link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం URL access date access-date accessdate The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Original year orig-year origyear Original year of publication; provide specifics స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of second editor editor-last2 editor-surname2 editor2 editor2-last editor2-surname The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of second editor editor-first2 editor-given2 editor2-first editor2-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for second editor editor-link2 editor2-link editorlink2 editor2link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for second editor editor-mask2 editormask2 editor2-mask editor2mask Replaces the name of the second editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of third editor editor-last3 editor-surname3 editor3 editor3-last editor3-surname The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of third editor editor-first3 editor-given3 editor3-first editor3-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for third editor editor-link3 editor3-link editorlink3 editor3link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for third editor editor-mask3 editormask3 editor3-mask editor3mask Replaces the name of the third editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of fourth editor editor-last4 editor-surname4 editor4 editor4-last editor4-surname The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of fourth editor editor-first4 editor-given4 editor4-first editor4-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for fourth editor editor-link4 editor4-link editorlink4 editor4link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for fourth editor editor-mask4 editormask4 editor4-mask editor4mask Replaces the name of the fourth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of fifth editor editor-last5 editor-surname5 editor5 editor5-last editor5-surname The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of fifth editor editor-first5 editor-given5 editor5-first editor5-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for fifth editor editor-link5 editor5-link editorlink5 editor5link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for fifth editor editor-mask5 editormask5 editor5-mask editor5mask Replaces the name of the fifth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of sixth editor editor-last6 editor-surname6 editor6 editor6-last editor6-surname The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of sixth editor editor-first6 editor-given6 editor6-first editor6-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for sixth editor editor-link6 editor6-link editorlink6 editor6link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for sixth editor editor-mask6 editormask6 editor6-mask editor6mask Replaces the name of the sixth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of seventh editor editor-last7 editor-surname7 editor7 editor7-last editor7-surname The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of seventh editor editor-first7 editor-given7 editor7-first editor7-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for seventh editor editor-link7 editor7-link editorlink7 editor7link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for seventh editor editor-mask7 editormask7 editor7-mask editor7mask Replaces the name of the seventh editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of eighth editor editor-last8 editor-surname8 editor8 editor8-last editor8-surname The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of eighth editor editor-first8 editor-given8 editor8-first editor8-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for eighth editor editor-link8 editor8-link editorlink8 editor8link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for eighth editor editor-mask8 editormask8 editor8-mask editor8mask Replaces the name of the eighth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last name of ninth editor editor-last9 editor-surname9 editor9 editor9-last editor9-surname The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం First name of ninth editor editor-first9 editor-given9 editor9-first editor9-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Link for ninth editor editor-link9 editor9-link editorlink9 editor9link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Mask for ninth editor editor-mask9 editormask9 editor9-mask editor9mask Replaces the name of the ninth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Display Editors display-editors displayeditors Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. |display-editors=etal displays all editors in the list followed by et al. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 2 translator-last2 translator2 translator2-last The surname of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 2 translator-first2 translator2-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 3 translator-last3 translator3 translator3-last The surname of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 3 translator-first3 translator3-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 4 translator-last4 translator4 translator4-last The surname of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 4 translator-first4 translator4-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 5 translator-last5 translator5 translator5-last The surname of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 5 translator-first5 translator5-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 6 translator-last6 translator6 translator6-last The surname of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 6 translator-first6 translator6-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 7 translator-last7 translator7 translator7-last The surname of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 7 translator-first7 translator7-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 8 translator-last8 translator8 translator8-last The surname of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 8 translator-first8 translator8-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator last name 9 translator-last9 translator9 translator9-last The surname of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator first name 9 translator-first9 translator9-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Translator link translator-link translator-link1 translator1-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 2 translator-link2 translator2-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 3 translator-link3 translator3-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 4 translator-link4 translator4-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 5 translator-link5 translator5-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 6 translator-link6 translator6-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 7 translator-link7 translator7-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 8 translator-link8 translator8-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Translator link 9 translator-link9 translator9-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth translator. పేజీ పేరు ఐచ్చికం Chapter URL chapter-url chapterurl contribution-url section-url contributionurl sectionurl The URL of the online location where the text of the chapter can be found స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Format of Chapter URL chapter-format contribution-format section-format Format of the work referred to by chapter-url; displayed in parentheses after chapter. HTML is implied and should not be specified. ఉదాహరణ PDF, DOC, or XLS స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం DOI broken date doi-broken-date doi_brokendate The date that the DOI was determined to be broken స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం URL access level url-access Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited') స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Archive URL archive-url archiveurl The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Archive Format archive-format Format of the Archive స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Archive date archive-date archivedate Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Dead URL dead-url deadurl If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Lay URL lay-url lay-summary laysummary layurl URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Lay source lay-source laysource Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Lay date lay-date laydate Date of the summary; displays in parentheses స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Last author ampersand last-author-amp lastauthoramp When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space' స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం via via Aggregate or database provider, when different from the Publisher. Typically used for Ebooks. ఉదాహరణ Open Edition, JSTOR స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Bibcode access level bibcode-access If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం DOI access level doi-access If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం HDL access level hdl-access If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Jstor access level jstor-access If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం OpenLibrary access level ol-access If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం OSTI access level osti-access If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Issue issue number Issue number. This parameter is not supported by and should generally not be used with cite book. Consider that a different cite template may be more appropriate, such as cite magazine or cite journal. See Help:Citation_Style_1#Pages. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Coauthor coauthor Coauthor స్ట్రింగు వాడుకలో లేదు Coauthors coauthors Coauthors స్ట్రింగు వాడుకలో లేదు Authors list authors people host credits List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం City of Publication city Where published స్ట్రింగు వాడుకలో లేదు Agency agency Unusual in cite book. Use if an agency is needed in addition to publisher, etc. స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం Department department Unusual in cite book. తెలియనిది ఐచ్చికం Date format df Sets rendered dates to the specified format స్ట్రింగు ఐచ్చికం