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ResearchIn-Press PreviewDevelopmentNeuroscience
Open Access | 
10.1172/JCI176631
Aberrant ERK signaling in astrocytes impairs learning and memory in RASopathy-associated BRAF mutant mouse models
Minkyung Kang,1 Jihye Choi,2 Jeongho Han,3 Toshiyuki Araki,4 Soo-Whee Kim,5 Hyun-Hee Ryu,1 Min-Gyun Kim,1 Seoyeon Kim,5 Hanbyul Jang,1 Sun Yong Kim,1 Kyoung-Doo Hwang,1 Soobin Kim,1 Myeongjong Yoo,1 Jaegeon Lee,1 Kitae Kim,1 Pojeong Park,6 Ja Eun Choi,6 Dae Hee Han,6 Yujin Kim,5 Jeongyeon Kim,7 Sunghoe Chang,1 Bong-Kiun Kaang,6 Jung Min Ko,8 Keun-Ah Cheon,9 Joon-Yong An,5 Sang Jeong Kim,1 Hyungju Park,3 Benjamin G. Neel,4 Chul Hoon Kim,2 and Yong-Seok Lee1
1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Ryu, H.
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Ko, J.
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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1Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
2Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
3Research Group of Neurovascular Unit, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
4Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States of America
5Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
6School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
7Emotion, Cognition and Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
8Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
9Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Published February 18, 2025 - More info
Copyright © 2025, Kang et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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